scholarly journals Balloon-Borne Scanning Solid State Cosmic Ray Spectrometer (SCS) with Mass Identification

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie A. Ramm
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Mass Identification

The cosmic ray actinide charge spectrum derived from a array of solid state nuclear track detectors in Earth orbit

2001 ◽  
Vol 34 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 273-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Donnelly ◽  
A Thompson ◽  
D O'Sullivan ◽  
L.O'C Drury ◽  
K.-P Wenzel
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Earth Orbit ◽  
Nuclear Track Detectors ◽  
Charge Spectrum

Cosmic-ray neutron spectrometry by solid state detectors

2003 ◽  
Vol 36 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 307-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Tommasino ◽  
R.K. Jain ◽  
D. O'Sullivan ◽  
A.V. Prokofiev ◽  
N.L. Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Neutron Spectrometry ◽  
Solid State Detectors

scholarly journals University of Cambridge Natural Radiocarbon Measurements IX

Radiocarbon ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 590-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. R. Switsur ◽  
M. A. Hall ◽  
R. G. West
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Plastic Scintillation ◽  
University Of Cambridge ◽  
Solid State Devices ◽  
Proportional Counters ◽  
The University

The University of Cambridge Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory has been completely rebuilt and modernized, incorporating new techniques developed here for the various stages of measurements. Sample radioactivity is measured in gas proportional counters after conversion to highly purified CO2. Four counters are mounted within a single anticoincidence shield consisting of plastic scintillation material. This is surrounded by a graded cosmic ray shield of low radioactive steel, boron loaded wax, and finally, about 16 tons of ancient low radioactive lead blocks. The electronics are all solid state devices except for the stabilized high voltage supplies.

scholarly journals Solid State Pathways towards Molecular Complexity in Space

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (S280) ◽  
pp. 390-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold Linnartz ◽  
Jean-Baptiste Bossa ◽  
Jordy Bouwman ◽  
Herma M. Cuppen ◽  
Steven H. Cuylle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Interstellar Medium ◽  
Vacuum Ultraviolet ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Solid State Reactions ◽  
Thermal Heating ◽  
Interstellar Ice ◽  
Molecular Complexity ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Complex Organic

AbstractIt has been a long standing problem in astrochemistry to explain how molecules can form in a highly dilute environment such as the interstellar medium. In the last decennium more and more evidence has been found that the observed mix of small and complex, stable and highly transient species in space is the cumulative result of gas phase and solid state reactions as well as gas-grain interactions. Solid state reactions on icy dust grains are specifically found to play an important role in the formation of the more complex “organic” compounds. In order to investigate the underlying physical and chemical processes detailed laboratory based experiments are needed that simulate surface reactions triggered by processes as different as thermal heating, photon (UV) irradiation and particle (atom, cosmic ray, electron) bombardment of interstellar ice analogues. Here, some of the latest research performed in the Sackler Laboratory for Astrophysics in Leiden, the Netherlands is reviewed. The focus is on hydrogenation, i.e., H-atom addition reactions and vacuum ultraviolet irradiation of interstellar ice analogues at astronomically relevant temperatures. It is shown that solid state processes are crucial in the chemical evolution of the interstellar medium, providing pathways towards molecular complexity in space.

Investigation of heavy cosmic-ray nuclei by solid-state track detectors on orbiting platforms

1999 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 1084-1088
Author(s):  
D. G. Baranov ◽  
Yu. F. Gagarin ◽  
V. A. Dergachev ◽  
E. A. Yakubovskii
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Cosmic Ray

scholarly journals Cosmic-ray-related Signals from Detectors in Space: The Spitzer/IRAC Si:As IBC Devices

2021 ◽  
Vol 133 (1029) ◽  
pp. 114503
Author(s):  
J. Brendan Hagan ◽  
George Rieke ◽  
Ori D. Fox ◽  
Alberto Noriega-Crespo ◽  
Dean C. Hines ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Single Charge ◽  
Ionization Loss ◽  
General Application ◽  
Hit Rate ◽  
Statistical Fluctuations ◽  
Solid State Detectors ◽  
Detector Type ◽  
Geometric Effects

Abstract We evaluate the hit rate of cosmic rays and their daughter particles on the Si:As IBC detectors in the IRAC instrument on the Spitzer Space Telescope. The hit rate follows the ambient proton flux closely, but the hits occur at more than twice the rate expected just from this flux. Toward large amplitudes, the size distribution of hits by single-charge particles (muons) follows the Landau Distribution. The amplitudes of the hits are distributed to well below the energy loss of a traditional “average minimum-ionizing proton” as a result of statistical fluctuations in the ionization loss within the detectors. Nonetheless, hits with amplitudes less than a few hundred electrons are rare; this places nearly all hits in an amplitude range that is readily identified given the read noises of modern solid-state detectors. The spread of individual hits over multiple pixels is dominated by geometric effects, i.e., the range of incident angles, but shows a modest excess probably due to: (1) showering and scattering of particles; (2) the energy imparted on the ionization products by the energetic protons; and (3) interpixel capacitance. Although this study is focused on a specific detector type, it should have general application to operation of modern solid-state detectors in space.

A SOLID STATE TRACK DETECTOR ARRAY FOR THE STUDY OF ULTRA HEAVY COSMIC RAY NUCLEI IN EARTH ORBIT

1980 ◽  
pp. 1033-1039
Author(s):  
D. O'Sullivan ◽  
A. Thompson ◽  
J. Daly ◽  
C. O'Ceallaigh ◽  
V. Domingo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Track Detector ◽  
Detector Array ◽  
Earth Orbit

Cosmic Radiation Detection by Solid State Nuclear Track Detector Technique

2015 ◽  
Vol 238 ◽  
pp. 16-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
József Pálfalvi ◽  
Lászlo Sajó-Bohus
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Cosmic Radiation ◽  
Radiation Risk ◽  
Radiation Detection ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Space Radiation ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Nuclear Track Detector ◽  
Detection Techniques

Passive Solid State Nuclear Track Detectors (SSNTDs) have been employed successfully during the past two decades in space radiation studies due to their excellent physico-chemical properties. They are useful for charged particle detection in the linear energy transfer (LET) range above the threshold value of ~10 keV μm-1. It was applicable for measurement of cosmic ray primary and secondary particles, including recoil nuclei, projectile and target fragments and secondary neutrons in past projects such as DOSMAP, BRADOS, ALTCRISS, Matroshka or recently in progress as SPD, DOSIS, as well as, in ground based experiment as Icchiban. The continuous development in the understanding of the track formation mechanism and improvement of detection techniques have resulted in the determination of the cosmic ray LET spectrum with less uncertainties and provided improved assessment of the dose burden of astronauts and helped to increase the effectiveness of radiation shielding of spaceships. Space dosimetry by nuclear track methodology stresses the advantages of passive systems for cosmic radiation field studies due to their robustness, compact dimensions, and complete independence from external power supply. SSNTDs cope also with requirement imposed by portable area monitoring or personal dose integrator to assess radiation risk of astronauts during intra or extra-vehicular activity. This review tries to provide a short summary about fundamentals and applications of space radiation studies using SSNTDs.Contents of Paper

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