scholarly journals The simultaneous precipitation of calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide in the water softening process

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert William Peters
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Magnesium Hydroxide ◽  
Water Softening ◽  
Softening Process

scholarly journals Pellet Softening Process for the Removal of the Groundwater Hardness; Modelling and Experimentation

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatin Abdul_kareem Ashoor ◽  
Amer D. Zmat ◽  
Muthanna H. AlDahhan
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Solution Flow Rate ◽  
Pellet Size ◽  
Solution Flow ◽  
Bed Height ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Softening Process ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium Ions

A lab scale pellet reactor (PR) was designed and fabricated to carry out extensive investigations on the removal efficiency of the hardness of groundwater.  The groundwater of 2200 – 2600 mg/L hardness was collected from Abdulla Ibnalhassan wells area located at the west desert of Al-Shinafiyah district (70 km to the southwest of Al-Dewaniyah city, Iraq). Both hydrodynamic parameters of the pellet reactor (porosity and fluidized bed height) and the parameters of calcium carbonate crystallization process (calcium carbonate equilibrium, pellet size, and density) were modeled and compared with the experimental results of the lab scale pellet reactor. The comparison showed that fair agreement between modeled and measured results was observed. The removal efficiency of both calcium and magnesium ions were 62.5-99% and 83-99% respectively. The removal efficiency was found to be strongly dependent on pH and the ratio of NaOH solution flow rate to the groundwater flow rate in the pellet reactor.

scholarly journals Simultaneous assaying of famotidine, calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide in the extemporaneously prepared suspension

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Yevgeniy Lytvynenko ◽  
Artem Myhal ◽  
Olga Golovchenko ◽  
Victoriya Georgiyants
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Magnesium Hydroxide

scholarly journals Exploiting the ion-exchange ability of titanate nanotubes in a model water softening process

2014 ◽  
Vol 591 ◽  
pp. 161-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dániel Madarász ◽  
Imre Szenti ◽  
András Sápi ◽  
János Halász ◽  
Ákos Kukovecz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Titanate Nanotubes ◽  
Water Softening ◽  
Softening Process ◽  
Model Water

Study of Carbonizing Processes for Sintered Dolomite

2007 ◽  
Vol 336-338 ◽  
pp. 2552-2555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Hua Xue ◽  
Min Fang Han ◽  
Qing Yun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Magnesium Hydroxide ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Magnesium Carbonate ◽  
Crystal Phase ◽  
Carbonization Process

It is the easy and widely used way to make light calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate from dolomite by carbonizing process. During this process, the dolomite is calcined at different temperature, from 700°C to 950°C to get the mixture including either calcium carbonate and magnesia or calcia and magnesia. Then the mixture is blended with water in different temperature from room temperature to 80°C. As a result, it is supposed to get calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide, but XRD analysis reveals that it is not accord with the theory. Magnesium hydroxide can not be obtained during this reaction. After the carbonization process, the calcium carbonate and a kind of mixture which is composed with different crystal phase of Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2[H2O]4 have been produced, instead of magnesium carbonate. The magnesia is gotten when the mixture is calcined at 450~750°C.

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