The Role of Private Health Insurance in Social Health Insurance Countries – Implications for Canada

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Greß
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Private Health Insurance ◽  
Social Health Insurance ◽  
Social Health

scholarly journals The Effects of Private Health Insurance on Universal Health Coverage Objectives in China: A Systematic Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 2049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Runguo Wu ◽  
Niying Li ◽  
Angelo Ercia
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Private Health Insurance ◽  
Social Health Insurance ◽  
Social Health ◽  
Financial Protection ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Universal Health

Background: We conducted a systematic review on the role of private health insurance to complement the social health insurance system towards achieving universal health coverage in China. This review presents the impacts of private health insurance on expanding coverage, increasing access to healthcare, and financial protection. Methods: A systematic review was conducted by searching peer-reviewed articles published between January 2000 and March 2018 in Web of Science, PubMed, and China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database. The search terms included coverage prevalence, access and financial protection related to private health insurance in China. A total of 31 studies were selected. Results: Coverage prevalence of private health insurance gradually increased but it was unequally distributed across regions and populations. The expansion of social health insurance has enhanced the total aggregate premium of private health insurance but has had a mixed impact on the take-up of private health insurance. Private insurance beneficiaries were found to limit their utilisation of healthcare services and there was no evidence that it ensured financial protection. Conclusion: The role of private health insurance (PHI) in extending universal health coverage in China was limited and therefore should not be overstated.

Montenegro

2021 ◽  
pp. 929-938
Author(s):  
Natalija Perišić
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Health System ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Social Health Insurance ◽  
Social Health ◽  
Healthcare Provision ◽  
Health Politics ◽  
Private Healthcare ◽  
Incomplete Coverage

This chapter examines health politics and the health system in Montenegro based on compulsory social health insurance. It traces the post-communist development of the Montenegrin healthcare system that started with incremental privatization and continued toward a more decisive move toward liberalization through the 2004 reforms, which included, among other elements, a stronger role of private healthcare delivery and the introduction of different types of voluntary insurance. As the chapter notes, the main issues facing the health system in Montenegro are incomplete coverage, limited access to healthcare, and lack of regulation of private healthcare provision.

scholarly journals Willingness to pay for private health insurance among workers with mandatory social health insurance in Mongolia

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ochirbat Batbold ◽  
Christy Pu
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Private Health Insurance ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Social Health Insurance ◽  
Social Health ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Working Population

Abstract Background High out-of-pocket health expenditure is a common problem in developing countries. The employed population, rather than the general population, can be considered the main contributor to healthcare financing in many developing countries. We investigated the feasibility of a parallel private health insurance package for the working population in Ulaanbaatar as a means toward universal health coverage in Mongolia. Methods This cross-sectional study used a purposive sampling method to collect primary data from workers in public and primary sectors in Ulaanbaatar. Willingness to pay (WTP) was evaluated using a contingent valuation method and a double-bounded dichotomous choice elicitation questionnaire. A final sample of 1657 workers was analyzed. Perceptions of current social health insurance were evaluated. To analyze WTP, we performed a 2-part model and computed the full marginal effects using both intensive and extensive margins. Disparities in WTP stratified by industry and gender were analyzed. Results Only < 40% of the participants were satisfied with the current mandatory social health insurance in Mongolia. Low quality of service was a major source of dissatisfaction. The predicted WTP for the parallel private health insurance for men and women was Mongolian Tugrik (₮)16,369 (p < 0.001) and ₮16,661 (p < 0.001), respectively, accounting for approximately 2.4% of the median or 1.7% of the average salary in the country. The highest predicted WTP was found for workers from the education industry (₮22,675, SE = 3346). Income and past or current medical expenditures were significantly associated with WTP. Conclusion To reduce out-of-pocket health expenditure among the working population in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, supplementary parallel health insurance is feasible given the predicted WTP. However, given high variations among different industries and sectors, different incentives may be required for participation.

scholarly journals Exploring health insurance services in Sudan from the perspectives of insurers

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 205031211775229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anas Mustafa Ahmed Salim ◽  
Fatima Hashim Mahmoud Hamed
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Private Health Insurance ◽  
Social Health Insurance ◽  
Universal Coverage ◽  
Social Health ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Sampling Frame ◽  
Individual Interviews

Background: It has been 20 years since the introduction of health insurance in Sudan. This study was the first one that explored health insurance services in Sudan from the perspectives of the insurers. Methods: This was a qualitative, exploratory, interview study. The sampling frame was the list of Social Health Insurance and Private Health Insurance institutions in Sudan. Participants were selected from the four Social Health Insurance institutions and from five Private Health Insurance companies. The study was conducted in January and February 2017. In-depth individual interviews were conducted with a convenient sample of key executives from the different health insurers. Ideas and themes were identified and analysed using thematic analysis. Results: The result showed that universal coverage was not achieved despite long time presence of Social Health Insurance and Private Health Insurance in Sudan. All participants described their services as comprehensive. All participants have good perception of the quality of the services they provide, although none of them investigated customer satisfaction. The main challenges facing Social Health Insurance are achieving universal coverage, ensuring sustainability and recruitment of the informal sector and self-employed population. Consumers’ affordability of the premiums is the main obstacle for Private Health Insurance, while rising healthcare cost due to economic inflation is a challenge facing both Social Health Insurance and Private Health Insurance. Conclusion: In spite of the presence of Social Health Insurance and Private Health Insurance in Sudan, the country is still far from achieving universal coverage. Moreover, the sustainability of health insurance is questionable. The main reasons include low governmental financial resources and lack of affordability by beneficiaries especially for Private Health Insurance. This necessitates finding solutions to improve them or trying other types of health insurance. The quality of services provided by Social Health Insurance and Private Health Insurance was described as good, but no insurance in Sudan measured customer satisfaction as yet.

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