From Unnatural Fanatics to “Fair Quakers”: How English Mainstream Culture Transformed Women Friends between 1650 and 1740

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 705-725
Author(s):  
Ana M. Acosta
Keyword(s):  
Mainstream Culture ◽  
Women Friends

Ovakent Özbek Göçmenlerinde Kültürleşme Düzeyleri

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-174
Author(s):  
İrfan Atalay ◽  
Ferda Dikmen ◽  
Sonel Bosnalı ◽  
Yusuf Topaloğlu
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Change ◽  
Likert Scale ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Acculturation Strategies ◽  
Migrant Community ◽  
Mainstream Culture ◽  
Turkish Society

1979 yılında işgal ve devamındaki terör yüzünden ülkelerinden koparak göçer duruma düşmüş ve Hatay-Ovakent’e yerleştirilmiş Özbek asıllı bir grup Afganistan vatandaşının kültür ve kimliklerini koruma çabalarını, kültürel değişimlerinin yönü ve hızını, değişimlerinin düzey ve biçimlerini belirlemeye yönelik yapılan ve sahada gerçekleştirilen anket çalışmasıyla desteklenen bu çalışma, kültürel azınlık bir topluluk durumundaki göçerlerin kültür(süz)leşme (acculturation) sürecini incelemektedir. Çalışmada, kültürel boyutlarıyla ele alınan topluluğun durumu makro düzeyde değerlendirilmiştir. Yedi bin kişilik göçer nüfusun 0.03 oranında küçültülmesiyle, farklı yaş ve cinsiyetten, 210 kişilik denek grubuna kültürün devamlılığı, çeşitliliği, değişimi ve egemen kültürle bütünleşme sürecini ölçmeye yönelik, yaşam biçimleri, benimsedikleri kimlik, dinsel uygulamaları, örf ve adetleri, aidiyetleri, meslekleri ve yemek kültürlerine yönelik yirmi dört soruluk bir sormaca uygulanmıştır. Yanıtlar Likert ölçekleme yöntemi ve John W. Berry’nin göçerlerin başka kültürlerle temasları durumunda karşılaştıkları süreçleri ele aldığı kültür(süz)leşme izlemleri kuramı çerçevesinde değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler, Özbek göçerlerin Türk toplumuyla her yönüyle bütünleşmeyi sürdürdüğü, ancak Ovakent’in egemen kültür bireylerinden ayrık bir konumda olmasının bu süreci yavaşlattığını göstermektedir..ABSTRACT IN ENGLISHAcculturation among Uzbek Immigrants in OvakentThis study, based on a survey, explores the efforts and experiences of maintaining the culture and identity among Uzbek immigrants, who were uprooted due to the occupation and the terror in 1979, and had moved to Hatay-Ovakent. It examines the process of acculturation of Uzbek migrants in a community in order to understand the process and speed of a cultural change. In this study, the Uzbek community is analysed at macro level. A questionnaire of twenty-four questions about the continuity of culture, diversity, exchange and integration processes are explored with a sample representing 0.03 percent of (210 respondents) a migrant community of seven thousand. The responses were collected using a questionnaire employing Likert Scale questions following the framework of acculturation strategies theory of John W. Berry regarding immigrants in contact with other cultures. We have found that Uzbek migrants continue to acculturate with Turkish society in all aspects, but due to Ovakent’s isolated position and distance from the mainstream culture in Turkey, this process has seemingly slowed down.

Strategies Among Young Jehovah’s Witnesses in Compulsory School in Sweden, Age 13–15, a Case Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pernilla Liedgren ◽  
Lars Andersson
Keyword(s):  
World View ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Jehovah’S Witnesses ◽  
Value System ◽  
Jehovah's Witnesses ◽  
A Value ◽  
Standing Up ◽  
Primary School Age ◽  
Mainstream Culture

This study investigated how young teenagers, as members of a strong religious organization, dealt with the school situation and the encounter with mainstream culture taking place at school during the final years in Swedish primary school (age 13–15 years). The purpose was to explore possible strategies that members of a minority group, in this case the Jehovah’s Witnesses, developed in order to deal with a value system differing from that of the group. We interviewed eleven former members of the Jehovah’s Witnesses about their final years in compulsory Swedish communal school. The ages of the interviewees ranged between 24 and 46 years, and the interviewed group comprised six men and five women. Nine of the eleven interviewees had grown up in the countryside or in villages. All but two were ethnic Swedes. The time that had passed since leaving the movement ranged from quite recently to 20 years ago. The results revealed three strategies; Standing up for Your Beliefs, Escaping, and Living in Two Worlds. The first two strategies are based on a One-World View, and the third strategy, Living in Two Worlds, implies a Two-World View, accepting to a certain extent both the Jehovah’s Witnesses outlook as well as that of ordinary society. The strategy Standing up for Your Beliefs can be described as straightforward, outspoken, and bold; the youngsters did not show any doubts about their belief. The second subgroup showed an unshakeable faith, but suffered psychological stress since their intentions to live according to their belief led to insecurity in terms of how to behave, and also left them quite isolated. These people reported more absence from school. The youngsters using the strategy Living in Two Worlds appeared to possess the ability to sympathize with both world views, and were more adaptable in different situations.

Masks

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Modern Art ◽  
Home Decoration ◽  
Mainstream Culture

Masks were a feature of interwar culture in various contexts. African and Oceanic masks were admired and were powerfully influential on modern art. Masks were extensively used in theatre and ballet, and their popularity was such that they were also used for home decoration. The use of cosmetics became part of mainstream culture; this may relate to the increasing tendency for young women to work outside the home.

Schema affirmation and White Asparagus: cultural multilingualism among readers of texts

2001 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesley E Jeffries
Keyword(s):  
Prior Knowledge ◽  
Reader Response ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
General Function ◽  
Intended Meaning ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Common Experience ◽  
Mainstream Culture ◽  
Textual Meaning

This article builds on the work of Cook (1994) and Semino (1997), although it begins by attempting to demonstrate that their claims that the general function of literature is to change a reader's schemata are logically difficult to sustain, difficult to demonstrate empirically and counter-intuitive for many experiences of reading literature. Two poems are considered as examples of 'schema-affirmation': the identification in a text of prior knowledge or experience which is rarely or never publicly articulated in that genre. It is claimed that this is a common experience for readers of literary works, particularly for those who in some way feel themselves oppressed or alienated by the mainstream culture. It is suggested that the ability to read simultaneously from a number of viewpoints should become the foundation of any model of textual meaning, and that readers' tendency to construct what they see as the 'intended' meaning is not necessarily affected by their other or alternative readings. The need for empirical work investigating these phenomena is acknowledged and it is suggested that reader-response studies could be adapted to this end.

scholarly journals Religiosity, values, and acculturation

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 367-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derya Güngör ◽  
Marc H. Bornstein ◽  
Karen Phalet
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Ethnic Identification ◽  
Religious Dimension ◽  
Heritage Culture ◽  
Culture Maintenance ◽  
Mainstream Culture

We address the understudied religious dimension of acculturation in acculturating adolescents who combine a religious Islamic heritage with a secularized Christian mainstream culture. The religiosity of 197 Turkish-Belgian adolescents was compared with that of 366 age-mates in Turkey (the heritage culture) and 203 in Belgium (the mainstream culture) and related to cultural values, acculturation orientations, and ethnic identification. Belgian adolescents showed lower and declining religiosity with age, whereas Turkish and Turkish-Belgian adolescents were more religious regardless of age. Acculturating adolescents reaffirmed religion as compared with monocultural adolescents in Turkey. Religious reaffirmation was related to cultural values of interdependence, heritage culture maintenance, and ethnic identification.

Advancing the assessment of cultural orientation: A developmental and contextual framework of multiple psychological dimensions and social identities

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 1867-1888 ◽  
Author(s):  
George P. Knight ◽  
M. Dalal Safa ◽  
Rebecca M. B. White
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Cultural Orientation ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Ethnic Culture ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Contextual Framework ◽  
The Many ◽  
Mainstream Culture ◽  
Psychological Dimensions

AbstractThis paper aims to advance the scientific understanding of the role of culture, particularly cultural orientation, in development and psychopathology. We advance a theoretical framework that conceptualizes cultural orientation as a developmental construct represented by multiple psychological dimensions and social identities, and influenced by the contexts in which individuals are embedded. This perspective suggests that cultural orientation changes within individuals over time as a function of their experiences with and memberships in multiple groups, including the mainstream and ethnic culture groups, as well as a function of their normative developmental changes (i.e., the development of cognitive, social, and emotional capabilities). In addition, this framework places the development of an ethnic culture social identity (e.g., an ethnic identity) and a mainstream culture social identity in broader developmental perspectives that recognize these as two of the many social identities that are simultaneously embedded within the individual's self-concept and that simultaneously influence one's cultural orientation. To support the successful integration of culture into the study of development and psychopathology, we describe how highly reliable and valid measures of cultural orientation, indexed by individuals’ social identities, are essential for generating a scientifically credible understanding of the role of cultural orientation in development and psychopathology. Further, we detail some best research practices associated with our developmental and contextual framework, and note some important considerations for researchers interested in studying cultural orientation, development, and psychopathology.

scholarly journals Denial, acknowledgement and reconciliation

Temida ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Ruth Jamieson
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Former Yugoslavia ◽  
Truth And Reconciliation ◽  
Potential Basis ◽  
S Model ◽  
Mainstream Culture

This paper examines the recent work of professor Stanley Cohen on `states of denial? and will pay specific attention to his explication of the ways in which the concepts of denial and acknowledgement have been deployed in both mainstream culture and official discourses on truth and reconciliation. The paper tries to assess the extent to which Cohen?s model of denial and acknowledgement offers a potential basis for facilitating reconciliation in the former Yugoslavia. Particular attention will be paid to Cohen?s argument about the dangers inherent in the ?over-acknowledgement? of past suffering.

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