Hazardous Materials Transportation on U.S. Railroads: Application of Risk Analysis Methods to Decision Making in Development of Regulations

2000 ◽  
Vol 1707 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phani K. Raj ◽  
Edward W. Pritchard
Keyword(s):  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Hazardous Materials ◽  
Transportation Safety ◽  
Rail Transportation ◽  
Hazardous Materials Transportation ◽  
Personnel Safety ◽  
Railroad System ◽  
Regulatory Decisions ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Analysis Protocol

The Office of Safety of the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) is responsible for ensuring public and personnel safety in U.S. railroad operations. This office ensures the safe rail transportation of hazardous materials by conducting inspections of railroad operations and equipment, including tank cars, and developing safety-related regulations. In the past few years, the Office of Safety has been using risk analysis as a tool in making rational regulatory decisions on hazardous materials transportation in tank cars. A risk analysis protocol developed by FRA is described to evaluate the risks to the U.S. population arising from the transportation of different types of chemicals in tank cars on the U.S. railroad system. Following several recommendations of the National Transportation Safety Board requiring the shipment of several hazardous chemicals in highly protected, pressure-rated tank cars rather than in the minimum packaging authorized by the Code of Federal Regulations, a risk-based evaluation was made on the effect of implementing these recommendations on the overall risk reduction. The risk results were presented in the parameters of Military Standard 882-B. Policy decisions were made based on the results.

Hazardous Materials Transportation by Road: Fuzzy-Theory-Based Routing Design

2013 ◽  
Vol 397-400 ◽  
pp. 696-699
Author(s):  
Peng Fei Li ◽  
Mao Xiang Lang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Fuzzy Theory ◽  
Hazardous Materials ◽  
Minimum Risk ◽  
Hazardous Materials Transportation ◽  
Shortest Route ◽  
Routing Design ◽  
Fuzzy Risk Analysis

Firstly, the consequence of the accident was divided into several ranks. Then we can get the risk fund by the fuzzy risk analysis. Secondly, the stochastic number of every route was produced by the computer, and then the risk of every section can be got. Thirdly, the shortest route theory can be used to get the minimum risk routes. The rationality of the model and the feasibility of the algorithm are proved by the computation and analysis of the example.

Hazmat Transport Safety and Alternative Transport Modes

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Luca Zamparini ◽  
Genserik Reniers ◽  
Michael Ziolkowski
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hazardous Materials ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rail Transportation ◽  
Transportation Modes ◽  
Transport Safety ◽  
Transport Modes ◽  
The U.S

This paper analyzes 21 years of data related to unintentional hazardous materials (hazmat) releases on air, marine, and rail transportation modes reported in the United States (U.S.) -- although their origins and destinations may be outside the U.S. The authors' analysis reveals thousands of cases have occurred and their impacts vary by mode. These impacts include material losses, carrier damages, property damages, response costs, and remediation and clean-up costs. There appears to be some reduction in the frequency of incidents and accidents as regulations have been promulgated, although the authors cannot attribute causation. They review suggests that enhanced regulations and attentiveness have probably led to better reporting of hazmat occurrences. Moreover, developing and maintaining safer processes and designing safer products, containers, and systems can play an important role in minimizing hazmat releases.

PIPELINE AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS TRANSPORTATION SAFETY AND OIL SPILL REDUCTION

1979 ◽  
Vol 1979 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Driscoll
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Hazardous Materials ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Transportation Safety ◽  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
Hazardous Materials Transportation ◽  
Special Programs ◽  
Compliance Program ◽  
In Transit

ABSTRACT Although statistics indicate that about five percent of the nation's oil spill incidents are caused by pipeline breaks, these spills are of such a nature that they cause about 15 percent of the annual total accidental release. Because such spills contribute considerably to the total problem of oil spills, they are the subject of particular attention for the Materials Transportation Bureau (MTB), U.S. Department of Transportation. This agency discharges the department's safety responsibility over all types of liquid pipelines. Some 225,000 miles of these pipelines transport crude oil, petroleum products, liquefied petroleum gases, anhydrous ammonia, and comparable fluids. The MTB responsibility stems from several legislative acts, including pipeline safety requirements contained in the Transportation of Explosives Act and the Deepwater Port Act of 1974. The MTB also regulates important aspects of the safe transportation of hazardous materials, including many petroleum products, by highway and rail. These regulations and those applicable to liquid pipelines constitute a tangible, albeit indirect, program providing sanctions against a number of types of discharges. A comprehensive system of rules applicable to surface carriers and container manufacturers is under continuous review and enforced through both criminal and civil penalties. The problems of hazardous materials transportation by surface means have received renewed attention in recent months. As a result, the prospects are for improved containment of petroleum products in transit, resulting from a more vigorous and consistent compliance program and more extensive research and development of carrying equipment and handling techniques. How this improved compliance program will be achieved is addressed within the context of the recent reorganization of the Materials Transportation Bureau and the bureau's inclusion within the Research and Special Programs Administration of the Department of Transportation and of current legislative initiatives.

scholarly journals Design of hazardous materials transportation safety management system under the vehicle-infrastructure connected environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueyan Yang ◽  
Changxi Ma ◽  
Changfeng Zhu ◽  
Bo Qi ◽  
Fuquan Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Management System ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Hazardous Materials ◽  
Transportation Safety ◽  
Safety Management System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hazardous Materials Transportation ◽  
Emergency Rescue ◽  
Database Technology

Purpose For the purpose of reducing the incidence of hazardous materials transport accident, eliminating the potential threats and ensuring their safety, aiming at the shortcomings in the process of current hazardous materials transportation management, this paper aims to construct the framework of hazardous materials transportation safety management system under the vehicle-infrastructure connected environment. Design/methodology/approach The system takes the intelligent connected vehicle as the main supporter, integrating GIS, GPS, eye location, GSM, networks and database technology. Findings By analyzing the transportation characteristics of hazardous materials, this system consists of five subsystems, which are vehicle and driver management subsystem, dangerous sources and hazardous materials management subsystem, route analysis and optimization subsystem, early warning and emergency rescue management subsystem, and basic information query subsystem. Originality/value Hazardous materials transportation safety management system includes omnibearing real-time monitoring, timely updating of system database, real-time generation and optimization of emergency rescue route. The system can reduce the transportation cost and improve the ability of accident prevention and emergency rescue of hazardous materials.

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