Emerging Technologies Applicable to Hazardous Materials Transportation Safety and Security

ABSTRACT Although statistics indicate that about five percent of the nation's oil spill incidents are caused by pipeline breaks, these spills are of such a nature that they cause about 15 percent of the annual total accidental release. Because such spills contribute considerably to the total problem of oil spills, they are the subject of particular attention for the Materials Transportation Bureau (MTB), U.S. Department of Transportation. This agency discharges the department's safety responsibility over all types of liquid pipelines. Some 225,000 miles of these pipelines transport crude oil, petroleum products, liquefied petroleum gases, anhydrous ammonia, and comparable fluids. The MTB responsibility stems from several legislative acts, including pipeline safety requirements contained in the Transportation of Explosives Act and the Deepwater Port Act of 1974. The MTB also regulates important aspects of the safe transportation of hazardous materials, including many petroleum products, by highway and rail. These regulations and those applicable to liquid pipelines constitute a tangible, albeit indirect, program providing sanctions against a number of types of discharges. A comprehensive system of rules applicable to surface carriers and container manufacturers is under continuous review and enforced through both criminal and civil penalties. The problems of hazardous materials transportation by surface means have received renewed attention in recent months. As a result, the prospects are for improved containment of petroleum products in transit, resulting from a more vigorous and consistent compliance program and more extensive research and development of carrying equipment and handling techniques. How this improved compliance program will be achieved is addressed within the context of the recent reorganization of the Materials Transportation Bureau and the bureau's inclusion within the Research and Special Programs Administration of the Department of Transportation and of current legislative initiatives.

Download Full-text

Hazardous Materials Transportation on U.S. Railroads: Application of Risk Analysis Methods to Decision Making in Development of Regulations

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board ◽

10.3141/1707-03 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 1707 (1) ◽

pp. 22-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Phani K. Raj ◽

Edward W. Pritchard

Keyword(s):

Risk Analysis ◽

Hazardous Materials ◽

Transportation Safety ◽

Rail Transportation ◽

Hazardous Materials Transportation ◽

Personnel Safety ◽

Railroad System ◽

Regulatory Decisions ◽

The U.S ◽

Analysis Protocol

The Office of Safety of the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) is responsible for ensuring public and personnel safety in U.S. railroad operations. This office ensures the safe rail transportation of hazardous materials by conducting inspections of railroad operations and equipment, including tank cars, and developing safety-related regulations. In the past few years, the Office of Safety has been using risk analysis as a tool in making rational regulatory decisions on hazardous materials transportation in tank cars. A risk analysis protocol developed by FRA is described to evaluate the risks to the U.S. population arising from the transportation of different types of chemicals in tank cars on the U.S. railroad system. Following several recommendations of the National Transportation Safety Board requiring the shipment of several hazardous chemicals in highly protected, pressure-rated tank cars rather than in the minimum packaging authorized by the Code of Federal Regulations, a risk-based evaluation was made on the effect of implementing these recommendations on the overall risk reduction. The risk results were presented in the parameters of Military Standard 882-B. Policy decisions were made based on the results.

Download Full-text

Design of hazardous materials transportation safety management system under the vehicle-infrastructure connected environment

Journal of Intelligent and Connected Vehicles ◽

10.1108/jicv-11-2018-0012 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 14-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Xueyan Yang ◽

Changxi Ma ◽

Changfeng Zhu ◽

Bo Qi ◽

Fuquan Pan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Management System ◽

Safety Management ◽

Hazardous Materials ◽

Transportation Safety ◽

Safety Management System ◽

Content Type ◽

Hazardous Materials Transportation ◽

Emergency Rescue ◽

Database Technology

Purpose For the purpose of reducing the incidence of hazardous materials transport accident, eliminating the potential threats and ensuring their safety, aiming at the shortcomings in the process of current hazardous materials transportation management, this paper aims to construct the framework of hazardous materials transportation safety management system under the vehicle-infrastructure connected environment. Design/methodology/approach The system takes the intelligent connected vehicle as the main supporter, integrating GIS, GPS, eye location, GSM, networks and database technology. Findings By analyzing the transportation characteristics of hazardous materials, this system consists of five subsystems, which are vehicle and driver management subsystem, dangerous sources and hazardous materials management subsystem, route analysis and optimization subsystem, early warning and emergency rescue management subsystem, and basic information query subsystem. Originality/value Hazardous materials transportation safety management system includes omnibearing real-time monitoring, timely updating of system database, real-time generation and optimization of emergency rescue route. The system can reduce the transportation cost and improve the ability of accident prevention and emergency rescue of hazardous materials.

Download Full-text

Grey Analytic Hierarchy X DG Corporate Risk Assessment

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.501-504.2377 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 501-504 ◽

pp. 2377-2380

Author(s):

Wen Juan Song ◽

Bin Zhan ◽

Guan Ze Wang

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Hazardous Materials ◽

Evaluation Index System ◽

Assessment Model ◽

Transportation Safety ◽

Risk Level ◽

Analytic Hierarchy ◽

Value Analysis ◽

Hazardous Materials Transportation ◽

Transportation Risk

First, the gray theory and analytic hierarchy brief overview, and then establish the evaluation index system, using the gray system theory and the analytic hierarchy process AHP gray formed to establish a specific hazardous materials transportation safety risk assessment model, Company X hazardous materials transportation risk evaluation, get the value of the company's risk level, and the evaluation value analysis.

Download Full-text