Telecommuting and Its Impact on Activity–Time Use Patterns of Dual-Earner Households

2017 ◽  
Vol 2658 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Paleti ◽  
Ivana Vukovic
Keyword(s):  
Time Use ◽  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Demand Forecasting ◽  
Interaction Effects ◽  
Extreme Value ◽  
Activity Time ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Dual Earner

Telecommuting choices of workers in multiworker households are likely to be interdependent. These telecommuting choices may also affect the activity–time use choices of all people in the household. From the standpoint of travel behavior and travel demand forecasting, it is important to test these hypotheses and quantify the relationship between telecommuting choices and activity–time use patterns. To do this, the present study developed a generalized extreme value–based joint count model for analyzing the monthly frequency of choosing to telecommute of workers in dual-earner households. A panel multiple discrete continuous extreme value model was also developed to study activity–time use decisions while accounting for household-level interaction effects. The study findings confirm the presence of strong intrahousehold interaction effects in both the telecommuting and activity–time use choices of workers. Telecommuting choices were found to have a significant influence on daily activity–time use decisions for both mandatory and nonmandatory activities.

Coast-to-Coast Comparison of Time Use and Activity Patterns

2000 ◽  
Vol 1718 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachin Gangrade ◽  
Krishnan Kasturirangan ◽  
Ram M. Pendyala
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
The Individual ◽  
End Times

Activity-based travel analysis has been gaining increasing attention in travel demand research during the past decade. Activity and trip information collected at the person level aids in understanding the underlying behavioral patterns of individuals and the interactions among their activities and trips. Activity and time use patterns across geographical contexts are compared. Such a comparison could shed light on the differences and similarities in travel behavior that exist between areas. To accomplish this objective, activity, travel, and time use information derived from surveys conducted in the San Francisco Bay and Miami areas has been analyzed to identify differences in activity engagement patterns across different sample groups. In general, it was found that activity and time use patterns are comparable across the two areas as long as the commuting status and demographic characteristics of the individuals are controlled for. In addition, the time-of-day distributions of various events such as wake-up time, sleeping time, time of departure and arrival at home, and work start and end times were compared. These events were considered important in defining the temporal constraints under which people exercise activity and travel choices. Once again, it was found that the distributions followed similar trends as long as the commuting status and the demographic characteristics of the individual were controlled for. However, there were noticeable differences that merit further investigation.

The Demand for Travel

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlon Boarnet ◽  
Randall C. Crane
Keyword(s):  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Relative Attractiveness ◽  
Conventional Manner

As described in chapter 1, the new urban designs are part philosophy, part art, part economics, and part social optimism. Still, a key to their popularity is the open embrace of conventional and even conservative standards of neighborhood form, scale, and style. Many new urban designs self-consciously recall small town settings where neighbors walk to get a haircut and stop on the way to chat with neighbors sitting on the front porch watching the kids play. The attraction of these ideas is subjective, personal, yet pervasive. After all, in principle, what is not to like about pretty homes in quiet, friendly, and functional neighborhoods? But will they improve the traffic? Chapter 3 concluded that existing evidence is unsatisfactory in several respects. Among the problems identified in the literature was the common absence of a conceptual framework for hypothesizing how urban form might be expected to influence travel behavior. In particular, only a small share of the studies in this area even attempt to model travel behavior in the conventional manner, that is, as travel demand. In this chapter, we develop a framework for consistently evaluating the net travel impacts of changing land-use patterns, such as many new urban designs propose. The idea is to adapt a simple model of travel demand to measurable urban form elements. This permits us to derive specific conclusions that follow directly from the assumptions of the model as well as specific hypotheses that can be tested only with data on observed behavior. These assumptions are summarized in figure 4.2. The last part of the chapter develops an empirical implementation of the model and these hypotheses, which is applied to data in chapter 5. The theory of demand provides perhaps the most straightforward way to analyze travel behavior, by emphasizing how overall resource constraints force trade-offs among available alternatives, such as travel modes and trip distances, and how the relative attractiveness of those alternatives in turn depends on relative costs, such as trip times. This framework assumes that individuals make choices, either alone or as part of a family or other group, based on their preferences over the goods in question, the relative costs of those goods, and available resources (e.g., Kreps, 1990).

Exploratory Analysis of the Activity Time-Use Frontier and Its Effect on Episodic Well-Being: Data from the Disability and Use of Time Survey

2017 ◽  
Vol 2669 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srinath K. Ravulaparthy ◽  
Karthik C. Konduri ◽  
Konstadinos G. Goulias
Keyword(s):  
Time Use ◽  
Daily Activity ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Time Budgets ◽  
Activity Time ◽  
Technical Inefficiency ◽  
Activity Engagement ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Use Of Time

The role of time (as a constrained resource) in terms of budgets and expenditures is of great importance in travel behavior analysis within the context of daily activity engagement choices, emotional well-being, and quality of life. This research investigated the behavioral links between activity time budgets and episodic well-being measures in a two-stage process, using data from the 2009 Disability and Use of Time Survey. First, with the use of the episodic-level data, time budgets were formulated with the use of a stochastic frontier modeling approach. The technical inefficiency measure that represented the degree to which an individual expended his or her time (or an upper bound of the time budget) in activity engagement was also derived. Second, with the use of this measure of technical inefficiency, the effects on reported individuals’ episodic well-being measures were further investigated. The indicators of well-being—happiness, calmness, frustration, sadness, worry, tiredness, and pain—were analyzed with a multivariate ordered probit modeling framework. The models were estimated by controlling for a broad array of covariates related to sociodemographics, activity, and travel characteristics, along with the social contexts of companionship and altruism and global well-being indicators. Empirical results suggested that individuals experienced varying levels of positive and negative emotions from their daily activity time-use patterns, in both efficient and inefficient episodes. Productive episodes (e.g., working and volunteering) with higher time budgets (or inefficiencies) increased the likelihood of individuals experiencing higher levels of negative emotions. The model findings also revealed that high-income households and individuals younger than 65 years old with inefficient time-use patterns exhibited lower levels of happiness and calmness.

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