scholarly journals MECHANISMS OF ANALEPTIC AND ANTIGIPOXIC EFFECTS OF HETEROSIDES – (DERIVATIVES FOR SULFUR AND NITROGEN CONTAINING HETEROCYCLES)

World Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (12(40)) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Kabachna I. ◽  
Suprun E. ◽  
Kabachnyy V. ◽  
Serdiukova Yu.
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Antihypoxic Activity ◽  
Sodium Thiopental ◽  
The Awakening ◽  
Hypoxia With Hypercapnia ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Theoretical Foundations ◽  
Detoxification Mechanisms

In order to expand the theoretical base of targeted search for analeptics, the awakening and antihypoxic properties of Heterosides-21, Heterosides-31 (derivatives of sulfur and nitrogen containing heterocycles) were studied and their mechanisms of action were established. Sodium thiopental (42 mg/kg) was used to simulate suppression of the respiratory and vasomotor centers of the brain. Comparative drugs were the combined analeptic sulfocamphocaine (SCC) (20 mg/kg) and antihypoxant Piracetam (300 mg/kg).The results were obtained on the models of thiopental anesthesia and normobaric hypoxia with hypercapnia, the analysis of which allowed: to qualitatively and quantitatively assess the awakening, antihypoxic activity of the studied substances and classical preparations; their effect on the respiratory center of the brain and the behavioral responses of animals; theoretically substantiate, experimentally confirm and establish aerobic, anaerobic and detoxification mechanisms for the realization of effects in various conditions; to formulate the theoretical foundations of a targeted search for universal analeptics and antihypoxic drugs, to offer an instrumental and methodological complex for their experimental reproduction.

scholarly journals MECHANISMS OF ANALEPTIC AND ANTIGYPOXIC EFFECTS OF HETEROSIDES - DERIVATIVES OF SULFUR AND NITROGEN-CONTAINING HETEROCYCLES

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
I. V. Kabachna ◽  
V. I. Kabachnyy ◽  
S. M. Drohovoz
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Antihypoxic Activity ◽  
Sodium Thiopental ◽  
Experimental Reproduction ◽  
The Awakening ◽  
Hypoxia With Hypercapnia ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Detoxification Mechanisms

In order to expand the theoretical basis of the purposeful search of analeptics, the awakening and antihypoxic properties of heteroside-21, heteroside-31 (derivatives of sulfur- and nitrogen-containing heterocycles) were studied and the mechanisms of their action were established. Sodium thiopental (42 mg/kg) was used to simulate suppression of the respiratory and vascular centers of the brain. The comparison drugs were – sulfocamphocaine (SCC) with combined analeptic action (20 mg/kg) and the antihypoxic drug piracetam (300 mg/kg). The results were obtained on the models of thiopental anesthesia and normobaric hypoxia with hypercapnia. The analysis of data allowed to count qualitatively and quantitatively the arousing and antihypoxic activity of new substances and classical drugs; their effect on the respiratory center of the brain and behavioral responses of animals; theoretically substantiate, experimentally confirm and establish aerobic, anaerobic and detoxification mechanisms of realization of effects in various conditions; to formulate the theoretical bases of purposeful search of universal analeptics and antihypoxic drugs and offer an instrumental-methodological complex for their experimental reproduction.

Evaluation of the activity of antihypoxants with an isothiourea structure in a model of hypercapnic hypoxia with a shutdown of the cerebral hemispheres

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-63
Author(s):  
Vera V. Marysheva ◽  
Vladimir V. Mikheev ◽  
Petr D. Shabanov
Keyword(s):  
Acute Hypoxia ◽  
Life Time ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cerebral Hemispheres ◽  
Antihypoxic Activity ◽  
Hypoxic Episode ◽  
Hypoxia With Hypercapnia ◽  
Hypercapnic Hypoxia ◽  
Outbred Mice ◽  
The Brain

PURPOSE: To study the effect of amtizol, 2-aminobenzthiazole (2-ABT) and 2-amino-4-acetylthiazolo[5,4-b]indole (BM-606) on the resistance of male outbred mice to acute hypoxia with hypercapnia under conditions of isolated functioning of one from the hemispheres, as well as both hemispheres of the brain. METHODS: A model of acute hypoxia with hypercapnia (canned hypoxia) was used in mice of the same mass, the lifespan of all animals was determined. Temporary shutdown of the cortex of one of the hemispheres or both hemispheres was achieved by epidural application of filter paper moistened with 25% potassium chloride solution, creating a spreading depression according to Leao. Amtizol, 2-aminobenzthiazole (2-ABT) and 2-amino-4-acetylthiazolo[5,4-b]indole (BM-606) at equimolar doses of 25, 32.5, and 50 mg/kg, respectively were used as pharmacological analyzers, the compounds were injected intraperitoneally 30 min before the hypoxic episode. RESULTS: It was shown that, in contrast to amtizol, 2-ABT and VM-606 increase the life time of experimental animals when any hemisphere is turned off. The use of drugs when both hemispheres were turned off revealed that amtizol has approximately equal effect on the brain and the rest of the body, in 2-ABT antihypoxic activity is 1/3 associated with the brain, in VM-606 exclusively with the brain. CONCLUSION: The experimental model used in this work makes it possible to quite easily evaluate the effect of either one drug or compare several drugs, their role in the functioning of the cerebral hemispheres, on which part of the sample highly resistant or low resistant to hypoxia they have the greatest effect.

EFFECT OF AMINOTHIOL ANTIHyPOXANTS ON INTERHEMISPHERIC ASyMMETRy OF THE bRAIN

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-53
Author(s):  
Vladimir Vladimirovich Mihkeev ◽  
Vera Vasilievna Marysheva ◽  
Boris Nikolaevich Bogomolov ◽  
Lubov Vladislavovna Zhukova-Williams
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Acute Hypoxia ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Antihypoxic Activity ◽  
Interhemispheric Relations ◽  
Hypoxia With Hypercapnia ◽  
Antihypoxic Effect ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain

The effect of aminothiol antihipoxants amthizol and its analogue VM-606 on the resistance of the SHR mice males to an acute hypoxia with hypercapnia under conditions of isolated functioning of one of the hemispheres of the brain was studied. Antihypoxic agent amthizol 25 mg/kg increases life time of naïve mice by 46.2%. The drug acted on the sham-operated mice more slightly, increasing of their life only on 28.1% (p<0.01). Administration of amthizol under conditions of functioning of the right hemisphere significantly enhanced (+64.8%) the life time of mice. No antihypoxic effect was registered after administration of amthizol to mice with active left hemisphere: the result was the same as in mice without amthizol. Therefore, antihypoxic effect of amthizol was due to its action on the right (but not the left) hemisphere of the brain. VM-606 possessed more antihypoxic activity in comparison with amthizol. After unilateral cortical inactivation, VM-606 increased life time of mice both in active right and active left hemispheres, but in more degree in active right hemisphere. Thus, interhemispheric differences in resistance of mice to hypoxia with hypercapnia were diminished. Therefore, the differences between amthizol and VM-606 are the followings: amthizol inverts interhemispheric relations in hypoxia whereas VM-606 diminishes them.

On Cognitive Computing

2012 ◽  
pp. 83-97
Author(s):  
Yingxu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Computational Intelligence ◽  
Autonomic Computing ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Autonomous Agent ◽  
Cognitive Computing ◽  
Cognitive Informatics ◽  
Intelligent Computing ◽  
Agent Systems ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

Inspired by the latest development in cognitive informatics and contemporary denotational mathematics, cognitive computing is an emerging paradigm of intelligent computing methodologies and systems, which implements computational intelligence by autonomous inferences and perceptions mimicking the mechanisms of the brain. This article presents a survey on the theoretical framework and architectural techniques of cognitive computing beyond conventional imperative and autonomic computing technologies. Theoretical foundations of cognitive computing are elaborated from the aspects of cognitive informatics, neural informatics, and denotational mathematics. Conceptual models of cognitive computing are explored on the basis of the latest advances in abstract intelligence and computational intelligence. Applications of cognitive computing are described from the aspects of autonomous agent systems and cognitive search engines, which demonstrate how machine and computational intelligence may be generated and implemented by cognitive computing theories and technologies toward autonomous knowledge processing.

Acupuncture for Gastrointestinal Disorders

2019 ◽  
pp. 229-254
Author(s):  
Malcolm B. Taw ◽  
Andrew Shubov
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Vagal Tone ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Current Evidence Base ◽  
The Brain ◽  
East West

This chapter provides an introduction to acupuncture, elucidates known neurobiological mechanisms of action, and summarizes the current evidence base for the use of acupuncture in the treatment of various gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. It reviews how acupuncture can increase esophageal and GI motility, reduce transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations, stimulate gastric emptying, accelerate antral contractions, regulate neurohormonal mediators, promote autonomic and vagal tone, and modulate different regions of the brain-gut-microbiota axis. The therapeutic rationale for acupuncture as well as basic theories and concepts from a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) perspective are also described. This chapter concludes with a discussion about the potential therapeutic combination of integrative East-West medicine to treat GI disorders.

New Plant Growth Stimulants Based on Water-Soluble Nanoparticles of N-Substituted Monoamino-Acid Derivatives of Fullerene C60 and the Study of their Mechanisms of Action

BIOPHYSICS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 635-641
Author(s):  
V. A. Volkov ◽  
O. V. Yamskova ◽  
M. V. Voronkov ◽  
D. V. Kurilov ◽  
V. S. Romanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Fullerene C60 ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Plant Growth Stimulants ◽  
Derivatives Of

Difficulties with synaptic theory of learning and memory and possible remedies

2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 550-551
Author(s):  
Mikhail N. Zhadin
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Associative Learning ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Hebbian Learning ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Learning Rules ◽  
The Brain

The absence of a clear influence of an animal's behavioral responses to Hebbian associative learning in the cerebral cortex requires some changes in the Hebbian learning rules. The participation of the brain monoaminergic systems in Hebbian associative learning is considered.

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