New Plant Growth Stimulants Based on Water-Soluble Nanoparticles of N-Substituted Monoamino-Acid Derivatives of Fullerene C60 and the Study of their Mechanisms of Action

Reactions of 10-(4-aminopiperazino)-10,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,f]thiepins XIVa-XIVd with benzaldehyde, 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde, 4-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde, salicylaldehyde, 3-ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 2-(2-dimethylaminoethoxy)benzaldehyde, 3-(2-dimethylaminoethoxy)benzaldehyde and 3-ethoxy-4-(2-dimethylaminoethoxy)benzaldehyde afforded a series of 19 hydrazones IIIa-Xc. Some of them showed the expected anticonvulsant effect but only towards pentetrazole; antagonism of maximal electroshock seizures was not observed. In general, the products have a character of tranquillizers: in higher does they produce central depression, potentiate the thiopental sleeping time, have hypothermic action; in single cases antiamphetamine, antireserpine, antihistamine and cataleptic effects were observed. The water-soluble salts of the basic hydrazones VIIIa, VIIIc, IXc and Xc, administered parenterally, showed a rather high acute toxicity and revealed also adrenolytic and hypotensive activity.

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Insights on Molecular Characteristics of Hydrochars by 13C-NMR and Off-Line TMAH-GC/MS and Assessment of Their Potential Use as Plant Growth Promoters

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26041026 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 1026 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Laís G. Fregolente ◽

João Vitor dos Santos ◽

Giovanni Vinci ◽

Alessandro Piccolo ◽

Altair B. Moreira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Phosphoric Acid ◽

13C Nmr ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Molecular Characteristics ◽

Initial Growth ◽

Growth Promoters ◽

Molecular Features ◽

Potential Use

Hydrochar is a carbon-based material that can be used as soil amendment. Since the physical-chemical properties of hydrochar are mainly assigned to process parameters, we aimed at evaluating the organic fraction of different hydrochars through 13C-NMR and off-line TMAH-GC/MS. Four hydrochars produced with sugarcane bagasse, vinasse and sulfuric or phosphoric acids were analyzed to elucidate the main molecular features. Germination and initial growth of maize seedlings were assessed using hydrochar water-soluble fraction to evaluate their potential use as growth promoters. The hydrochars prepared with phosphoric acid showed larger amounts of bioavailable lignin-derived structures. Although no differences were shown about the percentage of maize seeds germination, the hydrochar produced with phosphoric acid promoted a better seedling growth. For this sample, the greatest relative percentage of benzene derivatives and phenolic compounds were associated to hormone-like effects, responsible for stimulating shoot and root elongation. The reactions parameters proved to be determinant for the organic composition of hydrochar, exerting a strict influence on molecular features and plant growth response.

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Discovery, characterization and functional improvement of kumamonamide as a novel plant growth inhibitor that disturbs plant microtubules

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-85501-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Takashi Ishida ◽

Haruna Yoshimura ◽

Masatsugu Takekawa ◽

Takumi Higaki ◽

Takashi Ideue ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Human Life ◽

Growth Inhibitor ◽

Herbicidal Activity ◽

Functional Improvement ◽

Microtubule Inhibitors ◽

Plant Microtubules ◽

Plant Growth Inhibitor ◽

Derivatives Of ◽

Synthetic Intermediate

AbstractThe discovery and useful application of natural products can help improve human life. Chemicals that inhibit plant growth are broadly utilized as herbicides to control weeds. As various types of herbicides are required, the identification of compounds with novel modes of action is desirable. In the present study, we discovered a novelN-alkoxypyrrole compound, kumamonamide fromStreptomyces werraensisMK493-CF1 and established a total synthesis procedure. Resulted in the bioactivity assays, we found that kumamonamic acid, a synthetic intermediate of kumamonamide, is a potential plant growth inhibitor. Further, we developed various derivatives of kumamonamic acid, including a kumamonamic acid nonyloxy derivative (KAND), which displayed high herbicidal activity without adverse effects on HeLa cell growth. We also detected that kumamonamic acid derivatives disturb plant microtubules; and additionally, that KAND affected actin filaments and induced cell death. These multifaceted effects differ from those of known microtubule inhibitors, suggesting a novel mode of action of kumamonamic acid, which represents an important lead for the development of new herbicides.

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Antioxidant Network Based on Sulfonated Polyhydroxyalkanoate and Tannic Acid Derivative

Bioengineering ◽

10.3390/bioengineering8010009 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 9

Author(s):

Laura Brelle ◽

Estelle Renard ◽

Valerie Langlois

Keyword(s):

Gallic Acid ◽

Tannic Acid ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Gel Formation ◽

Ene Reaction ◽

Inorganic Cations ◽

Medium Chain Length ◽

Physically Crosslinked ◽

The Stability ◽

Derivatives Of

A novel generation of gels based on medium chain length poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate)s, mcl-PHAs, were developed by using ionic interactions. First, water soluble mcl-PHAs containing sulfonate groups were obtained by thiol-ene reaction in the presence of sodium-3-mercapto-1-ethanesulfonate. Anionic PHAs were physically crosslinked by divalent inorganic cations Ca2+, Ba2+, Mg2+ or by ammonium derivatives of gallic acid GA-N(CH3)3+ or tannic acid TA-N(CH3)3+. The ammonium derivatives were designed through the chemical modification of gallic acid GA or tannic acid TA with glycidyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (GTMA). The results clearly demonstrated that the formation of the networks depends on the nature of the cations. A low viscoelastic network having an elastic around 40 Pa is formed in the presence of Ca2+. Although the gel formation is not possible in the presence of GA-N(CH3)3+, the mechanical properties increased in the presence of TA-N(CH3)3+ with an elastic modulus G’ around 4200 Pa. The PHOSO3−/TA-N(CH3)3+ gels having antioxidant activity, due to the presence of tannic acid, remained stable for at least 5 months. Thus, the stability of these novel networks based on PHA encourage their use in the development of active biomaterials.

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Synthesis, Characterization, and Encapsulation of Novel Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) in Biopolymer Matrices

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22041847 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 1847

Author(s):

Kristina Vlahoviček-Kahlina ◽

Slaven Jurić ◽

Marijan Marijan ◽

Botagoz Mutaliyeva ◽

Svetlana V. Khalus ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Plant Growth Regulators ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Electrostatic Interactions ◽

Growth Regulation ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Dimethyl Ester ◽

Plant Growth Regulation ◽

Derivatives Of ◽

Growth Regulating Activity

Novel plant growth regulators (PGRs) based on the derivatives of dehydroamino acids 2,3-dehydroaspartic acid dimethyl ester (PGR1), Z-isomer of the potassium salt of 2-amino-3-methoxycarbonylacrylic acid (PGR2) and 1-methyl-3-methylamino-maleimide (PGR3) have been synthesized and their growth-regulating properties investigated. Laboratory testing revealed their plant growth-regulating activity. PGR1 showing the most stimulating activity on all laboratory tested cultures were used in field experiments. Results showed that PGR1 is a highly effective environmentally friendly plant growth regulator with effects on different crops. Biopolymeric microcapsule formulations (chitosan/alginate microcapsule loaded with PGR) suitable for application in agriculture were prepared and characterized. Physicochemical properties and release profiles of PGRs from microcapsule formulations depend on the molecular interactions between microcapsule constituents including mainly electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonds. The differences in the microcapsule formulations structure did not affect the mechanism of PGRs release which was identified as diffusion through microcapsules. The obtained results opened a perspective for the future use of microcapsule formulations as new promising agroformulations with a sustained and target release for plant growth regulation.

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