scholarly journals Minimizing risks of integrating Ukrainian industry into global value chains

2021 ◽  
pp. 64-75
Author(s):  
Оksana Kushnirenko ◽  
Olga Zarudna
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Risk Identification ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Technological Gap ◽  
Development Levels ◽  
High Level

Relevance of the research topic Global value chains (GVC) are the dominant element of world trade, which incorporated various stages of processing into global supply chains of different development levels countries. The potential to include of Ukrainian producers into the GVC is very high, but not fully exploited now. Only innovative, technologically equipped, certified companies with a reliable business reputation have a chance to enter GVC. Formulation of the problem. The challenges of the coronavirus pandemic increase the importance of justifying new approaches to opportunities for Ukrainian industry, in particular, for successful integration into the GVC. Selection of unexplored parts of the general problem. Changes in the organization of world trade have occurred in the context of the coronary. This is due to disruption of intermediate processing supply chains, shifting to shorter chains and control increasing over the quality and safety of products in compliance with sanitary standards. This opens up new opportunities for Ukrainian producers, while the problem of reducing risks and removing obstacles remains insufficiently studied. Setting the task, the purpose of the study. The study aims to highlight key risks and development of a set of measures to minimize them while integrating Ukrainian industry in GVC. Method or methodology for conducting research. The work used general scientific methods: system analysis, abstract logical, expert assessments, as well as special research methods: statistical comparisons, groupings, sampling (to risk identification in the GVC integration process). Conclusions. Analysis of the development of GVC in the context of post-pandemic constraints made it possible to identify key risks and obstacles for Ukrainian producers, included among them are a high level of vulnerability was established from tightening control conditions and strict restrictions on supplies; The digital and technological gap in accordance with world standards; excessive concentration of the import component in selected product categories, causes dependence on foreign suppliers; a huge shortage of capital; decrease in profitability; deterioration of financial stability and solvency.

Upgrading the Global Value Chains After COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 191-210
Author(s):  
Osman Seraceddin Sesliokuyucu
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Production System ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Economic Shocks ◽  
Supply Shock ◽  
The World ◽  
Backward And Forward Linkages

The COVID-19 pandemic-related economic lockdowns and restrictions have caused socio-economic uncertainties in the world since 2020. The pandemic-induced economic shocks affected world trade, especially the reactions in fragile markets. As a result of the strict rules taken by the countries, the decrease in the supply of intermediate goods inputs used in industries worldwide, supply shock has caused global supply chains and economic problems to spread through supply chains. Due to the increase in demand exceeding the current supply and production capacity, the fragmented production system, which spread throughout the world, led to the risks related to global value chains (GVC). In this context, discussion of the uplift processes within the chain, which expresses the upgrading perspective, has come to the fore again. The solutions in chains, which are applied by industries in the pandemic process, emphasize the importance of backward and forward linkages in the chain.

Going Green

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Reps ◽  
Boris Braun
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Organizational Support ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Recent Debate ◽  
Western Perspective ◽  
Green Supply Chains

Going green - environmental upgrading and value chain coordination in the Indian automotive industry. Previous debates have linked environmental upgrading processes in global value chains above all to the influence of powerful lead firms from developed countries. In this paper, we argue that the Indian automobile sector, too, shows a growing tendency for more environmental protection. However, the decisive impetus is often not given by international lead firms.Applying the concept of global value chains, this paper aims to identify both the dominating coordination mechanisms in the Indian automobile chain, and the strategies of different actors for environmental upgrading. The empirical section draws on findings from 130 qualitative interviews with eight vehicle manufactures, 54 component suppliers and several industry experts held between 2009 and 2011. Our results indicate that Indian vehicle manufacturers are presently more pivotal to driving “green” supply chains than international players. Our findings suggest that especially the strong technical and organizational support provided by Indian lead firms is the crucial factor to push component suppliers to improve their environmental performance. On this account, the recent debate on greening of supply chains seems to be led too much from a western perspective. Rather, it appears that many environmental upgrading processes in automobile supply chains occur independently of western lead firms. In fact, they are mostly initiated and implemented by local lead firms.

scholarly journals CADEIAS GLOBAIS DE VALOR (CGV): A FRAGMENTAÇÃO DO PROCESSO PRODUTIVO CONFORME A ORGANIZAÇÃO MUNDIAL DO COMÉRCIO

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (57) ◽  
pp. 399
Author(s):  
Joana STELZER ◽  
Silvano Denega SOUZA ◽  
Adrielle Betina I. OLIVEIRA
Keyword(s):  
World Trade Organization ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Commodity Chain ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
The World ◽  
Productive Process ◽  
Fragmentation Of Production ◽  
Economy Globalization

RESUMOObjetivo: O artigo visa identificar a aparição e a abordagem das CGV (Cadeias Globais de Valor) no âmbito da Organização Mundial do Comércio (OMC), tendo em vista a aparente alteração na plasticidade do comércio internacional e, por consequência, na economia mundial. A globalização nos tempos atuais pode ser compreendida como uma fragmentação da produção, em que o processo produtivo de uma mercadoria (ou serviço) é concebido em etapas, porém, executadas em diversos Estados.Metodologia: A metodologia utilizada é dedutiva com abordagem qualitativa e a pesquisa desenvolve-se por meio de bibliografias.  Resultados: O destaque do principal resultado é a possibilidade de identificar características distintas entre Cadeias de Commodities, passando pela Cadeia de Commodities Global, até se alcançar as Cadeias Globais de Valor. Revela, também, que o avanço das CGV tem-se mostrado positivo, mormente no que tange às repercussões observadas nas políticas comerciais e econômicas dos Estados.Contribuições: Como principal contribuição, o artigo apresenta uma análise do cenário internacional no que tange ao comércio e sua nova forma de transacionar, sobretudo com Estados não desenvolvidos. Partindo-se da análise do CGV e sua relação com a Organização Mundial do Comércio,  a revelação desse emergente modelo foi flagrada, ademais, na insistente inserção dos termos CGV e Global Value Chains nos documentos e relatórios da Organização Mundial do Comércio, especialmente com maior intensidade a partir de 2014.PALAVRAS-CHAVES: Tributo; responsabilidade tributária; terceiros.  ABSTRACTObjective: To identify the appearance and approach of GVCs (Global Value Chains) within the World Trade Organization (WTO), in view of the apparent change in the plasticity of international trade and, consequently, in the world economy. Globalization in the present times can be understood as a fragmentation of production, in which the productive process of a commodity (or service) is conceived in stages, but executed in several States.Methodology: The methodology used is deductive with qualitative approach and the research is developed via bibliographies.Results: The highlight of the main result is the ability to identify distinct characteristics between Commodity Chains, going through the Global Commodity Chain, until reaching Global Value Chains. It also reveals that the advancement of GVCs has been positive, especially regarding the repercussions observed in the commercial and economic policies of the States.Contributions: As the main contribution, the article presents an analysis of the international scenario regarding trade and its new way of trading, especially with undeveloped States. Based on the analysis of the GVC and its relationship with the  World Trade Organization, the revelation of this emerging model was also caught in the insistent insertion of the terms GVC and Global Value Chains in World Trade Organization documents and reports, especially with greater emphasis. Intensity as of 2014.KEYWORDS: Tax; tax liability; third parties.

Asian investments target large Latin American markets

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Latin American ◽  
High Technology ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Automated Manufacturing ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Technology Investment

Significance Major Japanese and South Korean conglomerates are driving adoption of automated manufacturing, digitalisation of supply chains and other technologies critical to the region’s competitiveness. However, the pandemic forced many investors, especially mid-sized firms, to refocus on Asian markets. Increasingly, Latin America’s investment climate will be shaped by growing US-China rivalries. Impacts Investment from Japanese and Korean companies is critical for the region’s competitiveness in increasingly digitalised global value chains. Smaller economies risk missing out on the benefits of high-technology investment from Japan and Korea, concentrated in Brazil and Mexico. US efforts to try to decouple global value chains from China have sparked interest in investing in the region, but to date lack substance.

Toward a Corporate Duty for Lead Companies to Respect Human Rights in Their Global Value Chains?

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 667-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Bright ◽  
Axel Marx ◽  
Nina Pineau ◽  
Jan Wouters
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Corporate Responsibility ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Business Partners ◽  
Business And Human Rights ◽  
Social License To Operate ◽  
Social License ◽  
High Level

AbstractThe corporate responsibility to respect human rights was formally introduced in 2011 with the unanimous endorsement of the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs) by the UN Human Rights Council. It is grounded in social expectations and forms part of the companies' “social license to operate.” This paper argues that this responsibility is progressively turning into a legal duty for lead companies to respect human rights in those types of value chains which are characterized by a high level of control by a lead company over its business partners. Our argument rests on two recent legal developments. Firstly, the article analyzes the judicialization of the corporate responsibility to respect in the case law on parent company liability in various jurisdictions, which, we argue, is highly likely to have some implications in relation to certain types of value chains so as to trigger the liability of lead companies for the human rights harms arising out of the activities of entities over which they exercise sufficient control. Secondly, the article delves into the legislative developments which increasingly require lead companies to exercise due diligence so as to prevent and address adverse human rights impacts in their own activities and global value chains.

scholarly journals Are Multinational Companies Responsible for Working Conditions in Their Supply Chains? From Intuition to Argument

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Dänzer
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Multinational Companies ◽  
Support Programs ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Supply Chain Governance ◽  
Prospective Responsibility

AbstractAlthough many people seem to share the intuition that multinational companies (MNEs) carry a responsibility for the working conditions in their supply chains, the justification offered for this assumption is usually rather unclear. This article explores a promising strategy for grounding the relevant intuition and for rendering its content more precise. It applies the criteria of David Miller's connection theory of remedial responsibility to different forms of supply chain governance as characterized by the Global Value Chains (GVC) framework. The analysis suggests that the criteria for identifying MNEs as remedially responsible for bad working conditions in their direct suppliers are fulfilled in many cases, even though differentiations are required with regard to the different supply chain governance structures. MNEs thus have a duty to make sure currently bad working conditions in their suppliers are changed for the better. Moreover, since production in supply chains for structural reasons continuously generates remedial responsibility of MNEs for bad working conditions in their suppliers, it puts the prospective responsibility on them to make sure that their suppliers offer acceptable working conditions. Further, it is suggested that the remedial responsibility of MNEs might require them to make financial compensation to victims of bad working conditions and in grave cases initiate or support programs to mitigate disastrous effects suffered by them.

Conceptual Approaches to Managing in Emerging Markets

2018 ◽  
pp. 34-54
Author(s):  
Robert Grosse ◽  
Klaus E. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
International Business ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Institutional Environments ◽  
International Network ◽  
Demand Patterns

This chapter raised two issues as a basis for structuring our thinking about international business in emerging markets. First, the question is raised regarding whether new theory is needed to study IB in emerging markets, or if existing theories can be extended to cover these geographic and institutional environments adequately. Second, the chapter presents the perspective of emerging markets fitting into global value chains, demonstrating how they fit into both supply chains and demand patterns. So, thinking about strategies for operating a foreign MNE in an emerging market and fitting an EM firm into an international network are both enhanced by looking at the firm(s) in the context of global value chains.

Reimagining the Unimaginable: Law and the Ongoing Transformation of Global Value Chains into Integrated Legal Entities

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-185
Author(s):  
Kevin B. Sobel-Read
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Popular Media ◽  
Legal Responsibility ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Global Supply Chains ◽  
Global Commerce ◽  
Mary Douglas ◽  
Single Category ◽  
Made In

AbstractThere is a growing push to reduce the labour and environmental harms caused throughout the supply chains of large corporations. But very little progress has been made in holding these corporations legally responsible for such harms. This corporate immunity is not caused by shortcomings in the law itself but rather by the limits of the categories through which we make sense of the world. For voters and policymakers alike, regulation is only appropriate for entities that fall into the same category of classification. And so far in our collective understanding, the firms in global supply chains have each inhabited separate legal categories and so each is deemed to have separate legal responsibility. As a result, the chains as a whole have remained free from regulation. But as global commerce becomes more systematised, global value chains are becoming more intimately integrated. This practical integration is likewise transforming our thinking: we are coming to understand chains as discrete entities within a single category. As this transformation solidifies, the regulation of entire chains will no longer be unthinkable but rather inevitable. Drawing on the insight of Mary Douglas and Benedict Anderson, I substantiate these assertions with evidence from corporate accounts, legislation and popular media.

scholarly journals Integration of Ukrainian industry into the global value chains

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Economic Optimization ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Socio Economic Development

The paper examines the forming of global chains and defines the features of their forming on the example of machine-building enterprises. Outlining the integration of the Ukrainian industry into the global value chains is the subject of the research. The paper aims to develop the provisions regarding the establishment of global value chains in modern economic conditions. Many researchers argue that globalization has contributed to a kind of global economic optimization. The outbreak of COVID-19 causes the current economic recession and a simultaneous complete reorientation of global trade logistics. The analysis of the features of offshoring on the example of the functioning of industrial enterprises in the country is the task of the research. The forming of a reliable system of suppliers monitoring that also represents the importance of selecting supply specialists is a decisive factor. Based on the system analysis the paper determines that despite the availability of obstacles to the location of foreign capital in Ukraine, there are certain perspectives for the integration of industrial enterprises into the global value chains. The results of the research show that despite the current socio-economic condition, Ukraine is attractive for foreign investment due to significant return on capital investment compared to the respective economic activity types of European countries, favorable geographic position, and availability of cheap but skilled workforce. An efficient socio-economic development is impossible without the high technology and innovative activity of the country. Yet, political instability and a set of barriers to foreign investment attraction remain to be the key problem for socio-economic development.

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