Under the macro environment of “greening” of the world economy, it is of positive practical significance to effectively identify and reduce the Inter-Organizational relationship risk of green supply chain based on the national green development strategy to build Inter-Organizational relationship based on trust. The paper discusses the connotation of green supply chain knowledge sharing, the influencing factors of green supply chain knowledge sharing, the risk of green supply chain Inter-Organizational relationship, and the operation mechanism of green supply chain Inter-Organizational relationship risk, and provides an outlook on the future research trends. From the current situation, future research should integrate multidisciplinary knowledge system and use a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods to explore the relationship between Inter-Organizational relationship risk and knowledge sharing of green supply chain, to promote the depth and further development of green supply chain research.