Nasal Muco-ciliary Clearance Study With and Without Saltinhalation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Clearance Study

Effects of felodipine on the dog kidney: A lithium clearance study

1991 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-183
Author(s):  
U. Abildgaard ◽  
G. Daugaard ◽  
P. P. Leyssac ◽  
O. Amtorp
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Clearance ◽  
Dog Kidney ◽  
Clearance Study

Renal excretion of allantoin in rats: a micropuncture and clearance study

1977 ◽  
Vol 233 (5) ◽  
pp. F373-F381 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Briggs ◽  
M. F. Levitt ◽  
R. G. Abramson
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Renal Excretion ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Chromatographic Technique ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Clearance Studies ◽  
Fluid Collections ◽  
And Control ◽  
Clearance Study ◽  
Column Chromatographic

Free-flow micropuncture and clearance studies were performed to evaluate the transport of allantoin inthe rat kidney. Inn all studies [2-14C]uric acid and [methoxy-3H]inulin were administered. With a two-step column chromatographic technique, radiolabeled uric acid and allantoin were separated in plasma, urine, and tubular fluid, and the [2-14C]allantoin concentration was determined. Tubular fluid collections were obtained under hydropenic and control coneated animals in the control and volume-expanded states. Clearance data were obtained in oxonic acid-treated animals under the same experimental conditions. These studies indicate that allantoin is not bound to plasma protein and is, therefore, freely filterable. Neither net reabsorption nor net secretion of allantoin was evident along the length of the nephron. The bubular handling of allantoin was demonstrated to be dissociated from that of uric acid in all experimental states. No significant intrarenal production of allantoin from uric acid was observed.

Hepatic metabolism in severe falciparum malaria: caffeine clearance study

1994 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Wilairatana ◽  
S. Looareesuwan ◽  
S. Vanijanonta ◽  
P. Charoenlarp ◽  
S. Wittayalertpanya
Keyword(s):  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Hepatic Metabolism ◽  
Caffeine Clearance ◽  
Severe Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Clearance Study

Developmental expression of renal organic anion transporters in rat kidney and its effect on renal secretion of phenolsulfonphthalein

2012 ◽  
Vol 302 (12) ◽  
pp. F1640-F1649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maki Nomura ◽  
Hideyuki Motohashi ◽  
Hiroko Sekine ◽  
Toshiya Katsura ◽  
Ken-ichi Inui
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Organic Anion ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Tubular Secretion ◽  
Organic Anion Transporters ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Anion Transporters ◽  
Anionic Drugs ◽  
Clearance Study

Organic anion transporters (OAT1 and OAT3) and multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRP2 and MRP4) play important roles in anionic drug secretion in renal proximal tubules. Changes in the expression of such transporters are considered to affect the tubular secretion of anionic drugs. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the developmental changes in the expression of OAT1, OAT3, MRP2, and MRP4 and their effects on the tubular secretion of drugs. The mRNA level of each transporter was measured by real-time PCR, and the protein expression was evaluated by Western blotting and immunohistochemical analysis. In addition, the tubular secretion of phenolsulfonphthalein (PSP) in infant (postnatal day 14) and adult rats was estimated based on in vivo clearance study. The protein expression of organic anion transporters were very low at postnatal day 0 and gradually increased with age. In postnatal day 14 rats, the expression of OAT1 and OAT3 seemed to be at almost mature levels, while MRP2 and MRP4 seemed to be at immature levels. Immunohistochemical analysis in the kidney of postnatal day 0 rats revealed OATs on the basolateral membrane and MRPs on the brush-border membrane. At postnatal day 0, the distribution of these transporters was restricted to the inner cortical region, while after postnatal day 14, it was identical to that in adult kidney. An in vivo clearance study revealed that the tubular secretion of PSP was significantly lower in postnatal day 14 rats than adult rats. These results indicate that age-dependent changes in organic anion transporter expression affect the tubular secretion of anionic drugs in pediatric patients.

scholarly journals Pharmacokinetics of Boldine in Control and Mrp2-Deficient Rats

2016 ◽  
pp. S489-S497 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. CERMANOVA ◽  
A. PRASNICKA ◽  
E. DOLEZELOVA ◽  
L. ROZKYDALOVA ◽  
M. HROCH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Clearance ◽  
Intravenous Administration ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Bolus Dose ◽  
Volume Of Distribution ◽  
Total Clearance ◽  
Lewis Rats ◽  
Biliary Clearance ◽  
Dose Study ◽  
Clearance Study

The aim of the present study was to describe the currently poorly understood pharmacokinetics (PK) of boldine in control rats (LW, Lewis rats), and Mrp2 transporter-deficient rats (TR-). Animals from the LW and TR- groups underwent a bolus dose study with 10 mg/kg of boldine applied either orally or intravenously in order to evaluate the major PK parameters. The TR- rats demonstrated significantly reduced total clearance with prolonged biological half-life (LW 12±4.6 versus TR- 20±4.4 min), decreased volume of distribution (LW 3.2±0.4 l/kg versus TR- 2.4±0.4 l/kg) and reduced bioavailability (LW 7 % versus TR- 4.5 %). Another set of LW and TR- rats were used for a clearance study with continuous intravenous administration of boldine. The LW rats showed that biliary and renal clearance formed less than 2 % of the total clearance of boldine. The treatment of samples with β glucuronidase showed at least a 38 % contribution of conjugation reactions to the overall clearance of boldine. The TR- rats demonstrated reduced biliary clearance of boldine and its conjugates, which was partly compensated by their increased renal clearance. In conclusion, this study presents the PK parameters of boldine and shows the importance of the Mrp2 transporter and conjugation reactions in the elimination of the compound.

A lithium clearance study of sodium reabsorption at the proximal tubule in liver cirrhosis with ascites

1989 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 535-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Hattori ◽  
Tsunehito Yauchi ◽  
Yukihito Minato ◽  
Yasushi Hasumura ◽  
Jugoro Takeuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Proximal Tubule ◽  
Sodium Reabsorption ◽  
Lithium Clearance ◽  
Clearance Study

EFFECTS OF CYCLOSPORIN A, GENTAMICIN AND FUROSEMIDE ON RAT RENAL FUNCTION: A LITHIUM CLEARANCE STUDY

1987 ◽  
Vol 14 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 825-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Dieperink ◽  
Paul P. Leyssac ◽  
Henrik Starklint ◽  
Ejvind Kemp
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Cyclosporin A ◽  
Lithium Clearance ◽  
Clearance Study

Methods to Determine Drain Volume for Peritoneal Dialysis Clearances

2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Bernardini ◽  
Tracey Florio ◽  
Filitsa Bender ◽  
Linda Fried ◽  
Beth Piraino
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Study Methods ◽  
Precise Method ◽  
Prospective Comparison ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Clearance Studies ◽  
Clearance Study ◽  
Measured Volume

Objective To compare the accuracy and convenience of 3 methods for measuring drain volume for peritoneal dialysis (PD) clearance studies. Design Prospective comparison of both automated PD (APD) and continuous ambulatory PD (CAPD) clearance study methods. Setting Adults ≥18 years old at 2 dialysis clinics. Patients 28 PD patients with 43 clearance studies, 15 on CAPD and 28 on APD. Interventions None. Main Outcome Measures Drain volume was determined by 3 methods for each study: ( 1 ) graduate-measured volume using a 2-L graduated cylinder; ( 2 ) weighed volume, with and without bag weight, using a digital floor scale or spring scale; ( 3 ) cycler-measured volume using the initial drain and ultrafiltration indicated by the cycler, plus the prescribed inflow volume without the last fill. Results There was no statistically significant difference in volumes using the 3 methods studied (all p > 0.89 for APD, all p > 0.97 for CAPD). Effluent volume was more accurate with the weight of the bag subtracted. Conclusion The most convenient and a precise method for APD is to determine the effluent drain volume using the prescription and total ultrafiltration and initial drain, as measured by the cycler. For CAPD, using the weight of drained bags is accurate but the weight of the empty bag must be subtracted. These approaches have the least risk of exposing staff to body fluids.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document