scholarly journals A Dire Emergency Case of Stab Injury with Impending Ischemia of Eviscerated Bowel with Colonic Perforation - A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 01-02
Author(s):  
Chatterjee S ◽  
M Amir ◽  
Sameer D ◽  
Prathamesh P
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Trauma ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Colonic Perforation ◽  
Emergency Case ◽  
Penetrating Abdominal Trauma ◽  
Stab Injury ◽  
Ischemic Bowel ◽  
Work Up ◽  
Early Surgical Intervention

Penetrating abdominal trauma is mostly caused by gunshots or stab wounds.1 Management of penetrating abdominal trauma is often challenging and time between the injury and surgical intervention play a pivotal role in such cases depending upon the clinical presentation of the patient.The success rate depends so much on early surgical intervention that one cannot wait for pre-operative work up before taking the patient to operation theatre2. We present a case of stab injury presented with eviscerated ischemic bowel and perforation in transverse colon with mesenteric arterial spurter.

scholarly journals Isolated Gallbladder Rupture Due to Blunt Abdominal Trauma

HPB Surgery ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Schachter ◽  
A. Czerniak ◽  
E. Shemesh ◽  
I. Avigad ◽  
G. Lotan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Trauma ◽  
Blunt Abdominal Trauma ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
Biliary System ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Delay In Diagnosis ◽  
Early Surgical Intervention ◽  
Gallbladder Rupture

Traumatic injury to the extrahepatic biliary system is rare and usually diagnosed at laparotomy when it is associated with other visceral injuries. Isolated gallbladder rupture due to blunt abdominal trauma is even rarer. The clinical presentation of gallbladder injury is variable, resulting in a delay in diagnosis and treatment. Awareness to the possibilty of trauma to the extrahepatic biliary system enables early surgical intervention and eliminates the high morbidity associated with delated diagnosis.A 5 year old child with isolated gallbladder rupture caused by blunt abdominal trauma is presented.

scholarly journals Suprapubic penetrating abdominal trauma - defining peritoneal breach and choices in operative intervention

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J Papanikolas ◽  
Anik Sarkar ◽  
Shivanthi Kandiah ◽  
Navin Niles
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Abdominal Trauma ◽  
Operative Intervention ◽  
Organ Injury ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Abdominal Organ ◽  
Penetrating Abdominal Trauma ◽  
Stab Injury ◽  
Laparoscopic Techniques ◽  
Invasive Management

Abstract Penetrating abdominal trauma is an uncommon cause of presentation to emergency departments in Australia and is frequently associated with the clinical need for emergent operative intervention. Advances in imaging modalities, improved laparoscopic techniques and structured approaches to resuscitation in trauma have now allowed potential minimally invasive management of such injuries, avoiding laparotomy and therefore defining peritoneal breach; the major determinant of intra-abdominal organ injury in this setting is critical. We present the case of a self-inflicted stab injury to the suprapubic region in an otherwise healthy man and describe the combination of imaging and operative modalities used to define peritoneal breach in this case which successfully reduced the patient’s morbidity by avoiding non-therapeutic laparotomy.

Antimicrobial Prophylaxis of Gastrointestinal Surgical Procedures and Treatment of Intra-Abdominal Infections

1987 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 406-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry Danziger ◽  
Erkan Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Surgery ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Abdominal Trauma ◽  
Antimicrobial Prophylaxis ◽  
Colonic Perforation ◽  
Antibiotic Administration ◽  
Penetrating Abdominal Trauma ◽  
Single Drug ◽  
Drug Regimens ◽  
Colorectal Procedures

Antibiotic prophylaxis and treatment regimens ideally are selected on the basis of efficacy, safety, and cost. This review evaluates current, selected literature on antibiotic prophylaxis for colorectal surgery, presumptive antibiotic administration following penetrating abdominal trauma, and treatment of intraabdominal infections. Single-drug regimens with the newer, broad-spectrum agents are assessed and compared with combination regimens; specific regimens are recommended. Colorectal procedures require an antimicrobial agent with activity against both aerobes and anaerobes. Patients undergoing elective colorectal procedures can be adequately protected with an orally administered three-dose regimen of neomycin/erythromycin. Parenteral antibiotic administration is generally not necessary, but, cefoxitin is recommended for nonelective colorectal surgery. The risk of potential infectious complications following penetrating abdominal trauma without colonic perforation is less than with colonic perforation; however, antibiotic therapy that includes activity against aerobes and anaerobes is recommended for all types of penetrating abdominal trauma. Although cephalothin, cefamandole, or cefoxitin alone may be used in abdominal trauma without perforation of the colon, only cefoxitin is recommended as a single-drug alternative to the standard clindamycin/gentamicin regimen in trauma with colonic perforation. Single-drug therapy with cefoxitin or moxalactam can be used successfully as alternatives to the standard regimens of clindamycin/gentamicin or metronidazole/gentamicin in many patients with intraabdominal sepsis. Single-drug regimens reduce the risk of developing adverse effects and are cost-effective. However, if resistant organisms are suspected, or if the patient has been hospitalized for a prolonged period or has multiple organ failure, it may be necessary to supplement cefoxitin therapy with an antibiotic that will enhance coverage against gram-negative aerobes.

scholarly journals Symbrachydactyly

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Govindasamy Balakrishnan ◽  
S. Vijayaragavan ◽  
Balakrishnan Somesh
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Treatment Algorithm ◽  
Standardized Treatment ◽  
Early Surgical Intervention

AbstractSymbrachydactyly is a rare congenital hand malformation in which a child is born with abnormally short digits that may be webbed, misshaped, or missing, and it is usually a unilateral condition. There is no standardized treatment algorithm for the management of symbrachydactyly. The function of the hand is often not adequate and requires early surgical intervention to restore useful prehension and appearance. This CME article presents a brief review of the embryology, history, classification and clinical presentation, and author’s experience of treating 19 children with symbrachydactyly over 10 years. Creation of thumb web, lengthening of thumb, and creating an opposition post results in prehension of hand with an improved quality of life.

scholarly journals Role of early surgical intervention in outcome and prognosis of spontaneous cerebellar hemorrhage with intraventricular extension

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
Jemesh Singh Maharjan
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Cerebellar Hemorrhage ◽  
First Case ◽  
Spontaneous Intracranial Hemorrhage ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
The Right ◽  
Early Surgical Intervention

Spontaneous cerebellar hematomas represent 5 to 13% of all cases of spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage. The main controversy involves deciding which cases require surgical evacuation of the hematoma versus other options, such as ventricular drainage only or conservative treatment. Furthermore, because the clinical course is variable in some cases, timing of such treatment should be carefully considered. The duration from the onset of hemorrhage also plays an important role in prognosis and recovery of the patient. Both the clinical presentation and subsequent course vary among cases. Unpredictable rapid deterioration in consciousness levels has been recognized. The majority of patients with such decline in consciousness experience the deterioration primarily within 72 hrs after onset⁠. Acute presentation was observed to be correlated with poor outcomes. In our report, the first case presented with sudden onset of headache in the right frontal region of head with vertigo. He came to hospital within 6 hours of onset. However, the second case had an onset of symptoms around 72 hours before the presentation.

scholarly journals The challenge of primary gastric melanoma: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. MMT51
Author(s):  
Gregory S Mellotte ◽  
Diya Sabu ◽  
Mary O’Reilly ◽  
Ray McDermott ◽  
Anthony O’Connor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Current Management ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Receive Treatment ◽  
One Year ◽  
Early Surgical Intervention

Aim: Primary gastric melanoma is a rare clinical presentation. The purpose of this review was to compare the 1-year survival in patients who underwent surgery with patients who did not receive treatment. Patients & methods: A systematic search of databases for case reports and case series of primary gastric melanoma was conducted. Results: The mean survival of patients was 22 months. One-year survival was 56.5% with surgery, rising to 66% with adjuvant therapy. Mean survival of the surgical group was 21.05 months (±20.2) versus 4.5 months (±3.61) in the nonsurgical group. Conclusion: Primary gastric melanoma has a poor prognosis but early surgical intervention can have a significant impact on patient outcome. We reviewed the biology and clinical diagnosis of gastrointestinal melanoma and the current management options available.

scholarly journals Early Surgical Intervention Improves Survival in Acute Intestinal Ischemia in the Intensive Care Unit

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Hassan Adnan Bukhari ◽  
Anand Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Septic Shock ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Acute Mesenteric Ischemia ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Ischemic Bowel ◽  
Survival Difference ◽  
Early Surgical Intervention

The study is aimed at assessing whether the early surgical intervention improves survival in acute mesenteric ischemia with septic shock. A retrospective study design was applied to review the charts of patients admitted to the intensive care unit. The data were collected through a review of the full patient chart including physician and nursing notes, pathology reports, intraoperative findings, CT findings, and endoscopy. The diagnosis of AMI for each patient was determined through clinical presentation/endoscopic visualization/laboratory results/radiographic imaging, surgical exam (tissue or visual) and/or autopsy. Death and survival were evaluated between short and long-time-interval for septic shock groups using the chi-square test followed by calculating the P value. Total survival among the surgery group was 60 patients (95.24%) compared to 3 (4.76%) survival among patients who did not have surgery. The time from the onset of a shock to the time of surgical incision was calculated. The mean time to surgery was 17.7 hours. Total 65 patients (29.52%) had surgery between 4 and 12 hours from the onset of hypotension. Survivals among this group of patients were 41.7% ( n = 25 ). The survival difference was statistically significant than died patients with respect to the time of surgical intervention ( P = < 0.001 ). Early removal of ischemic bowel in patients with AII-related surgery has improved survival.

scholarly journals Giant Gastroduodenal Duplication Cyst with Juxta-Pancreatic Communication

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jhon F Martinez-Paredes ◽  
Daniel G Plata-Diaz ◽  
Adriana Pinilla
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Congenital Abnormalities ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Duplication Cyst ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Enteric Duplication ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Specific Symptoms ◽  
Early Surgical Intervention

Enteric duplication cysts are rare congenital malformations with a low incidence and there are only a few reports in the literature. Their clinical presentation varies according to the location and the type of duplication. Their overall prognosis is good if early surgical intervention is provided. We present a case of a giant gastroduodenal duplication cyst with a juxta-pancreatic communication in a 2-month-old boy who was successfully treated surgically. It is imperative to be aware of this rare congenital malformation that can present clinically with a wide range of non-specific symptoms that can cause significant morbidity and mortality if the treatment is delayed. Keywords: Pancreatic Duct, Congenital Abnormalities, Intestinal Diseases, Newborn.

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