Background:Fibromyalgia syndrome is a chronic musculoskeletal disease, which compromises physical, mental, and sexual health. Although concerns related to sexuality are commonly reported, the literature on sexual functioning in patient with fibromyalgia is limited to female patients.Objectives:The aim of our study is to identify sexual dysfunction in women and men with fibromyalgia syndrome compared with patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Methods:This is a cross-sectional comparative study: ‘34 patients with fibromyalgia syndrome compared to 100 patients with rheumatoid arthritis’ conducted in the rheumatology department of CHU Fattouma Bourguiba de Monastir over a period from February to November 2017. We used the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and the Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM).Results:Our sample comprised 34 patients with fibromyalgia (31 females and 3 males) and 100 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (58 females and 15 males).Sexual dysfunction was present in 100% of female patients with fibromyalgia syndrome compared to 60% of female patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Female patients with fibromyalgia syndrome had a decreased FSFI score: 10,3±8,74 versus 16,86±8,87 in the rheumatoid arthitis group with p=0.001. While among the male patients, we found no significant difference between the two groups.Conclusion:Fibromyalgia syndrome had negative side effect on the sexual life of female patients. Recognition of this dysfunction and its inclusion in the multidisciplinary management of fibromyalgia must be part of the treatment.References:[1]P. Romero-Alcalá et al., « Sexuality in male partners of womenwithfibromyalgiasyndrome: A qualitative study », PLoS One, vol. 14, no 11, nov. 2019, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224990.[2]M. D. H. Besiroglu et M. D. M. Dursun, « The association betweenfibromyalgia and femalesexualdysfunction:asystematicreview and meta-analysis of observationalstudies », Int J ImpotRes, vol. 31, no 4, p. 288-297, juill. 2019, doi: 10.1038/s41443-018-0098-3.[3]T. M. Matarín Jiménez, C. Fernández-Sola, J. M. Hernández-Padilla, M. Correa Casado, L. H. Antequera Raynal, et J. Granero-Molina, « Perceptions about the sexuality of womenwithfibromyalgiasyndrome:aphenomenologicalstudy », J Adv Nurs, vol. 73, no 7, p. 1646-1656, juill. 2017, doi: 10.1111/jan.13262.[4]L. Bazzichiet al., « Fibromyalgia and sexualproblems », Reumatismo, vol. 64, no 4, p. 261-267, sept. 2012, doi: 10.4081/reumatismo.2012.261.Disclosure of Interests:None declared