Modern Epidemic Situation of Parenteral Viral Hepatitis and Drug Addiction in the Russian Federation and Moscow

Study aim - a comparative analysis of dynamics and trends in the prevalence of viral hepatitis B and C and drug addiction in Russia and Moscow in the period from 1999 to 2014. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the prevalence of viral hepatitis B and C, and drug addicts was performed among the population of Moscow and the Russian Federation for the period from 1999 to 2014. The forms of federal statistical observation were applied. To assess the significance of differences between the compared values, the statistical significance error (p) were calculated based on the calculation of Student's test (t). Results and discussion. The tendency of growth in prevalence of drug addiction was verified over the study period in Moscow and in Russia as a whole (in Moscow, 166.3 (1999) to 257.37 100 ths people (2013), in Russia 154.75 (1999) to 227.19 100 ths people (2013)). However, the growth rate of drug addiction prevalence has decreased in recent years mainly due to the decrease in the number of patients who applied for medical help for the first time. It was shown that a composition of the consumed drugs has changed in the studied period in Russia: Portion of cannabinoid addiction has decreased in 2 times, the abuse of stimulants in 19 times. The opium addiction compiled the main portion of consumed drugs (74.5%), the poly addiction - 18.3%, the proportion of addiction to stimulants was 3.5%. Epidemiologic features of the of parenteral viral hepatitis B and C was demonstrated: Reduced prevalence of acute forms and an increased incidence of chronic forms of hepatitis B and C in the population of Moscow; changes toward older age in representation of hepatitis B and C; sexual transition was defined as a main transition way for hepatitis B and C. For the first time it shows a very strong positive correlation (r = from 0.95 to 0.96) between the primary drug addiction and the incidence of acute forms of hepatitis B and C in Moscow and the Russian Federation in 2000 - 2013. Conclusion. The retrospective analysis of the prevalence of drug addiction and viral hepatitis B and C showed the presence of common factors affecting the course of the epidemic process in the studied nosology; drug addicts still represent a risk group for infection with viral hepatitis B and C.

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Retrospective Analysis of Viral Hepatitis B Incidence in Russia from 2013 to 2017 in the Context of Preventive Vaccination

BIOpreparations Prevention Diagnosis Treatment ◽

10.30895/2221-996x-2018-18-4-225-235 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 225-235 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

L. M. Khantimirova ◽

T. Yu. Kozlova ◽

E. L. Postnova ◽

V. A. Shevtsov ◽

A. V. Rukavishnikov

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Viral Hepatitis ◽

Retrospective Analysis ◽

Russian Federation ◽

New Technologies ◽

Immunisation Programme ◽

Therapeutic Vaccines ◽

Viral Hepatitis B ◽

Preventive Vaccination ◽

The Russian Federation

The article presents the results of a retrospective analysis of viral hepatitis B incidence in the Russian Federation from 2013 to 2017, taking into account the use of vaccines included into the National Immunisation Schedule and the Immunisation Programme in Case of Epidemic Outbreaks. The analysis of the data revealed a trend towards a reduction in the incidence of acute and chronic forms of hepatitis B in the territory of the Russian Federation during the past five years. The reduction of viral hepatitis B incidence was achieved thanks to a higher vaccination coverage of both children and adults. The article presents an overview of monovalent and combination recombinant hepatitis B vaccines licensed in the Russian Federation. It describes the WHO position on preventive vaccination against viral hepatitis B, and pays special attention to vaccination of people at risk. The article considers promising areas for improving immunobiological products for hepatitis B prevention, including new technologies used in vaccine production, development and introduction of new adjuvants or adjuvants systems, and development of therapeutic vaccines.

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Treatment Features of Viral Hepatitis B and C in The Russian Federation

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.31838/ijpr/2020.12.01.153 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Viral Hepatitis ◽

Russian Federation ◽

Viral Hepatitis B ◽

The Russian Federation

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Estimation of mortality from viral hepatitis B and C in 2019 in four regions of the Russian Federation according to primary medical documentation

Infectious diseases: News, Opinions, Training ◽

10.33029/2305-3496-2020-9-4-72-80 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 72-80

Author(s):

Olga O. Znoyko ◽

◽

Nikolay D. Yushchuk ◽

Oleg V. Zayratyants ◽

Svetlana F. Krasnenkova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Viral Hepatitis ◽

Russian Federation ◽

Medical Documentation ◽

Viral Hepatitis B ◽

The Russian Federation

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Forensic medical assessment of the cases of HIV infection and hemocontact viral hepatitis B and C during the period from 2011 till 2015 in different subjects of the Russian Federation

Sudebno-meditsinskaya ekspertiza ◽

10.17116/sudmed20165944-9 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 59 (4) ◽

pp. 4 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

D. S. Kadochnikov ◽

P. V. Minaeva

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Viral Hepatitis ◽

Russian Federation ◽

Medical Assessment ◽

Viral Hepatitis B ◽

The Russian Federation

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Variety of the hepatitis B virus genovariants in the military

Journal Infectology ◽

10.22625/2072-6732-2019-11-3-46-53 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 46-53

Author(s):

Yu. V. Ostankova ◽

A. V. Semenov ◽

E. B. Zueva ◽

I. A. Gabdrakhmanov ◽

K. V. Kozlov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Blood Plasma ◽

Viral Hepatitis ◽

Russian Federation ◽

Military Personnel ◽

Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽

B Virus ◽

Viral Hepatitis B ◽

The Russian Federation

Aim. To estimate the distribution of genotypes and subgenotypes of the hepatitis B virus among military personnel with chronic viral hepatitis B. Materials and methods. The work used samples of blood plasma and biopsy material obtained from 90 active or retired military personnel with chronic viral hepatitis B with various degrees of fibrosis undergoing treatment in St. Petersburg. Primary detection of HBV was carried out by isolating nucleic acids (NK) from the blood plasma using the «AmplePrime Ribo-prep» commercial kit (FBIS CRIE, Moscow). Specific primers were used for the amplification and sequencing reaction. Overlapping primer pairs were used, jointly flanking 1475 base pairs (bp) fragment, including the recommended for HBV genotyping the 1169 bp Pre-S1/Pre-S2/S. Results. Among 90 samples from patients with chronic viral hepatitis B from different regions of the Russian Federation, HBV subgenotypes are represented in the following ratios: D2 = 45.6% (n=41), D1 = 32.2% (n=29), D3 = 13.3% (n=12), A2 = 6.7% (n=6), D4 and A1 by 1.1%, respectively. The distribution of HBV subgenotypes from the North Caucasian federal district (D1 – 63.6%, D2, D3, D4, A2 – by 9.1%) was significantly different from the distribution among patients from the Central and North-Western federal districts (D1-20, 9%, D2 – 58%, D3 – 16.3%, A2 – 4.8%) (χ2=11,9 при p=0,0076, df=3). Uncharacteristic for the Russian Federation subgenotypes D4 and A1, representing single imported cases. The tendency to shift the distribution of genovariants due to imports of the corresponding HBV subgenotypes from other countries, including the Central Asian countries, is discussed. Conclusion. A systematic study of the HBV isolates phylogeny provides new information about the HBV subgenotypes distribution among certain population groups, including military personnel.

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Improving of Legislation Establishing the Responsibility of Convicted Persons Recognized as Drug Addicts for Evading the Obligation Imposed on Them by the Court to Undergo Drug Treatment and Medical and (or) Social Rehabilitation

RUSSIAN JUSTICE ◽

10.37399/issn2072-909x.2020.12.92-99 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. 92-99

Author(s):

S. L. Babayan ◽

◽

I. A. Lakina ◽

L. P. Pitkevich ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Treatment ◽

Drug Addiction ◽

Russian Federation ◽

Criminal Responsibility ◽

Criminal Code ◽

Drug Addicts ◽

Psychotropic Substances ◽

Social Rehabilitation ◽

Short Period ◽

The Russian Federation

Fixing norms in the criminal law sentencing a person who has been drug addicts, according to which the court along with certain types of punishments not related to imprisonment, can lay on a sick addiction a duty to undergo treatment for drug and medical and (or) social rehabilitation, and monitoring of specified governmental prisoners has been stipulated in article 72.1 of the criminal code, introduced by Federal law No 313FZ of 25 November 2013. This provision in the criminal legislation of the Russian Federation was the result of the state's response to a significantly increased number of people suffering from this disease and the need to counteract these processes. This measure of influence on convicts in the criminal, criminal procedure and criminal enforcement legislation of the Russian Federation for such a short period has become firmly established in judicial and criminal enforcement practice, in this connection, the need to improve the effectiveness of its appointment, execution and detention is being updated. In this regard, a study was conducted on the organization and implementation of control over the execution of convicts' obligations to undergo drug treatment and medical and (or) social rehabilitation, during which a survey was conducted of employees of the FKU UII and their branches in 28 territorial bodies of the Federal penitentiary service of Russia. As a result, research has shown that the majority of employees agree that it is necessary to provide for a provision in the penal enforcement legislation that a convicted person is considered to be evading treatment for drug addiction and medical and (or) social rehabilitation if, without refusing to undergo them, he does not visit or voluntarily left a medical institution and a medical or social rehabilitation institution, or twice failed to comply with the prescriptions of the attending doctor, or continues to use narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances or new potentially dangerous psychoactive substances. It is also important to note that in the case of malicious evasion of a convicted person recognized as a drug addict from the obligation to undergo treatment for drug addiction and medical and (or) social rehabilitation, such a convicted person should be brought to criminal responsibility.

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