scholarly journals SENSITIZATION TO PET ALLERGENS AMONG THE PATIENTS OF AALERGOLOGIC CLNIC

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
M. A. Lykova
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Test System ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Allergen Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
National Healthcare ◽  
Allergenic Proteins ◽  
Cat Allergen ◽  
Group 2

SENSITIZATION TO PET ALLERGENS AMONG THE PATIENTS OF ALLERGOLOGIC CLINIC M. A. Lykova Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine KIA «Forpost», Kyiv, Ukraine Abstract. The aim: to study the prevalence and structure of sensitization to pet allergens among patients of the allergy clinic. Material and methods of research. The results of a multiplex study (determination of specific IgE to 112 allergenic proteins using the ImmunoCap ISAC test system) in 553 patients who came to the immunology and allergology clinic "Forpost" with complaints of respiratory and / or skin manifestations of allergopathology were analyzed. Results. Sensitization to animal allergens was found in 46.1 % of children of group 1 (0–6 years), 62.8 % of children of group 2 (7–18 years) and 42.6 % of adults. Most patients of all ages (96 %) were also sensitized to other (food and / or inhalation) allergens. In all groups of subjects, sensitization to cat allergens prevailed (44.6 % of all animals sensitized to allergens in the group of children 0–6 years, 43.4 % in the group of children 7–18 years, and 42.7 % in the group of adults) and dogs 12.3 %, 6.6 % and 17.7 % respectively). In all age groups, sensitization to the main cat allergen Fel d1 (uteroglobin) prevailed, in children age groups lipocalin also caused a high frequency of sensitization, in particular Can f1 and Fel d4, while in the adult group the frequency of sensitization to prostatic falkrelin canine was in second place. Conclusions. Animal allergens, especially cats and dogs, play an important role in the development of allergic diseases. Most patients with sensitization to one animal species have specific IgE to cat or dog proteins, suggesting that sensitization to horse and mouse allergens may be more frequent due to cross-reactivity. In the structure of sensitization, the most common allergen in all age groups is the major cat allergen Fel d1. In the younger age group, serum albumin is also important, and in adults — prostatic kallikrein Can f5, which should be considered when choosing the appropriate allergen molecules for diagnosis in patients with hypersensitivity to animal allergens before allergen-specific immunotherapy. Key words: hypersensitivity, sensitization, animal allergens, allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma. Maryana A. Lykova Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine Post-graduate student of the department of phthisiology and pulmonology, KIA «Forpost», physician allergist-immunologist 10, M. Amosova str., 03038, Kyiv, Ukraine, [email protected] Аsthma and Allergy, 2021, 3, P. 43–49.

Immunotheraphy in Allergic Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1174-1194
Author(s):  
Albert Roger ◽  
Maria Basagana ◽  
Aina Teniente-Serra ◽  
Nathalie Depreux ◽  
Yanina Jurgens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
World Population ◽  
Allergen Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Routes Of Administration ◽  
Disease Modifying Therapy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ige Mediated ◽  
Special Case

The prevalence of allergic diseases is increasing worldwide. It is estimated that more than 30% of the world population is now affected by one or more allergic conditions and a high proportion of this increase is in young people. The diagnosis of allergy is dependent on a history of symptoms on exposure to an allergen together with the detection of allergen-specific IgE. Accurate diagnosis of allergies opens up therapeutic options. Allergen specific immunotherapy is the only successful disease-modifying therapy for IgE-mediated allergic diseases. New therapeutic strategies have been developed or are currently under clinical trials. Besides new routes of administration, new types of allergens are being developed. The use of adjuvants may amplify the immune response towards tolerance to the antigens. In this review, we analyze different antigen-specific immunotherapies according to administration route, type of antigens and adjuvants, and we address the special case of food allergy.

scholarly journals Prevention of Transcutaneous Sensitization to Cow Milk Proteins in Infants with Atopic Dermatitis: Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 538-544
Author(s):  
Nikolay N. Murashkin ◽  
Svetlana G. Makarova ◽  
Stepan G. Grigorev ◽  
Dmitri V. Fedorov ◽  
Roman A. Ivanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Maintenance Therapy ◽  
Milk Proteins ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Dispersion Analysis ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background. Malformations in epidermal barrier in children with atopic dermatitis (AD) can cause transcutaneous sensitization with further development of allergic diseases that can worsen the AD course and significantly reduces patients’ quality of life.Objective. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of topical treatment and maintenance therapy with pimecrolimus 1% cream (PIM) and topical glucocorticosteroids (tGCS) in infants with AD on reducing the risk of developing transcutaneous sensitization (due to the levels of specific IgE to the cow milk protein over time) and on reducing the disease severity (by the EASI scale).Methods. The study included children aged from 1 to 4 months with early manifestations of moderate and severe AD. The severity of AD was estimated via the EASI scale at start of observation, then at 6, 9 and 12 months of life. The class and level of specific IgE to cow milk proteins (CMP) were determined by the ImmunoCAP method at the point of enrolment and at the ages of 6 and 12 months. Statistical analysis of studied indicators dynamics and their comparison in research groups was carried out using multifactorial dispersion analysis.Results. The study included 36 patients. All patients have received standard tGCS therapy in combination with emollients (wet wrap) for 10 days. The maintenance therapy was prescribed in postacute period. It included topical calcineurin inhibitor PIM 2 times/day for 3 months, then double application (morning/evening) 3 times/week up to the age of 1 year old (group 1). Other group had maintenance therapy — tGCS2 times/week for 3 months, and then at AD aggravation (group 2). Group 1 has shown lower level of sensitization to CMP at the age of 6 and 12 months and more significant decrease in AD severity according to EASI scale compared to group 2.Conclusion. The treatment with PIM is effective in therapy of AD and prevention of transcutaneous sensitization in infants.

scholarly journals Strategies for Selecting Therapeutic Tactics for Reducing Transcutaneous Sensibilisation Risk in Infants with Atopic Dermatitis: Cohort Retrospective Prospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
Dmitri V. Fedorov ◽  
Nikolay N. Murashkin ◽  
Svetlana G. Makarova ◽  
Roman A. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Maintenance Therapy ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Group 1

Background. One of the key aspects in the development of atopic dermatitis (AtD) is epidermal barrier dysfunction leading to the penetration of pathogens and allergens through the skin with further body sensibilisation to them. Such pathological interaction can later on lead to the development of various allergic diseases in the child which not only worsen the course of atopic dermatitis itself, but also significantly reduce the quality of life of these patients. Objective. Aim of the study is to estimate the efficacy of therapeutic approaches for treatment of atopic dermatitis in reducing the transcutaneous sensibilisation risk in infants. Methods. The study included children aged 1 to 4 months with established AtD from moderate to severe forms. The severity of AtD was estimated via the EASI index. The level of specific IgE (sIgE) to food and domestic allergens was measured by the ImmunoCAP method using special reagents’ sets. The sensibilisation class was established depending on the sIgE index. Statistical analysis of the studied indexes shift and their comparison between the study groups was performed via multivariate analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results. The study included 81 patients. All patients were divided into two groups after basic AtD therapy with topical glucocorticosteroids (tGCS). Patients from study group № 1 received maintenance therapy with topical calcineurin inhibitor (TCI) (pimecrolimus 1%; PIM) for a long time, while patients from group № 2 continued to apply tGCS as proactive therapy. We have revealed that the level of sensibilisation to chicken protein and to the mixture of domestic allergens “domestic dust” was lower to the 12th month of life in group № 1 compared to group № 2 as a result of the data analysis. Children in group № 1 had faster and more significant decrease in the severity of AtD in comparison to group № 2 according to EASI index. Conclusion. Maintenance therapy including PIM is more efficient in reducing AtD severity and in prevention of transcutaneous sensibilisation in infants.

scholarly journals Immunoregulatory Role of HLA-G in Allergic Diseases

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Murdaca ◽  
Paola Contini ◽  
Simone Negrini ◽  
Giorgio Ciprandi ◽  
Francesco Puppo
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Inflammation ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Allergen Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
Soluble Hla ◽  
Perennial Allergens

Allergic diseases are sustained by a T-helper 2 polarization leading to interleukin-4 secretion, IgE-dependent inflammation, and mast cell and eosinophil activation. HLA-G molecules, both in membrane-bound and in soluble forms, play a central role in modulation of immune responses. Elevated levels of soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) molecules are detected in serum of patients with allergic rhinitis to seasonal and perennial allergens and correlate with allergen-specific IgE levels, clinical severity, drug consumption, and response to allergen-specific immunotherapy. sHLA-G molecules are also found in airway epithelium of patients with allergic asthma and high levels of sHLA-G molecules are detectable in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage of asthmatic patients correlating with allergen-specific IgE levels. Finally, HLA-G molecules are expressed by T cells, monocytes-macrophages, and Langerhans cells infiltrating the dermis of atopic dermatitis patients. Collectively, although at present it is difficult to completely define the role of HLA-G molecules in allergic diseases, it may be suggested that they are expressed and secreted by immune cells during the allergic reaction in an attempt to suppress allergic inflammation.

scholarly journals The role of IgE, IgG, and IgA in tolerance, sensitization, and targeted treatment of allergic disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Shamji ◽  
Rudolf Valenta ◽  
Theodore Jardetzky ◽  
Valerie Verhasselt ◽  
Stephen Durham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Allergic Sensitization ◽  
Passive Immunization ◽  
Allergic Inflammation ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Immediate Release ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Allergen Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Effector Cells ◽  
Iga Antibodies

Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergy is the most common hypersensitivity disease affecting more than 30% of the population. In genetically-predisposed subjects exposure to minute quantities of allergens leads to the production of IgE antibodies which is termed allergic sensitization and mainly occurs in early childhood. Allergen-specific IgE then binds to the high (FcRI) and low affinity receptors (FcRII, also called CD23) for IgE on effector cells and antigen-presenting cells, respectively. Subsequent and repeated allergen exposure increases allergen-specific IgE levels and, by receptor cross-linking, triggers immediate release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells and basophils whereas IgE-facilitated allergen presentation perpetuates T cell-mediated allergic inflammation. Due to engagement of receptors which are highly selective for IgE even tiny amounts of allergens can induce massive inflammation. Naturally occurring allergen-specific IgG and IgA antibodies usually recognize different epitopes on allergens compared to IgE, and do not efficiently interfere with allergen-induced inflammation. However IgG and IgA antibodies to these important IgE epitopes can be induced by allergen-specific immunotherapy or by passive immunization. These will lead to competition with IgE for binding with the allergen and prevent allergic responses. Similarly, anti-IgE treatment does the same by preventing IgE from binding to its receptor on mastcells and basophils. Here we review the complex interplay of allergen-specific IgE, IgG and IgA and the corresponding cell receptors in allergic diseases and its relevance for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of allergy.

scholarly journals The role of IgE, IgG, and IgA in tolerance, sensitization, and targeted treatment of allergic disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Shamji ◽  
Rudolf Valenta ◽  
Theodore Jardetzky ◽  
Valerie Verhasselt ◽  
Stephen Durham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Allergic Sensitization ◽  
Passive Immunization ◽  
Allergic Inflammation ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Immediate Release ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Allergen Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Effector Cells ◽  
Iga Antibodies

Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergy is the most common hypersensitivity disease affecting more than 30% of the population. In genetically-predisposed subjects exposure to minute quantities of allergens leads to the production of IgE antibodies which is termed allergic sensitization and mainly occurs in early childhood. Allergen-specific IgE then binds to the high (FcRI) and low affinity receptors (FcRII, also called CD23) for IgE on effector cells and antigen-presenting cells, respectively. Subsequent and repeated allergen exposure increases allergen-specific IgE levels and, by receptor cross-linking, triggers immediate release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells and basophils whereas IgE-facilitated allergen presentation perpetuates T cell-mediated allergic inflammation. Due to engagement of receptors which are highly selective for IgE even tiny amounts of allergens can induce massive inflammation. Naturally occurring allergen-specific IgG and IgA antibodies usually recognize different epitopes on allergens compared to IgE, and do not efficiently interfere with allergen-induced inflammation. However IgG and IgA antibodies to these important IgE epitopes can be induced by allergen-specific immunotherapy or by passive immunization. These will lead to competition with IgE for binding with the allergen and prevent allergic responses. Similarly, anti-IgE treatment does the same by preventing IgE from binding to its receptor on mastcells and basophils. Here we review the complex interplay of allergen-specific IgE, IgG and IgA and the corresponding cell receptors in allergic diseases and its relevance for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of allergy.

Sensitization to inhaled allergens in Atopic children in Jordan Capital, Amman: a cross-sectional study.

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Montaha AL-Iede ◽  
Abdallah Al-Ani ◽  
Baraa Mafrachi ◽  
Dana Al-Khulaifat ◽  
Kamal Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Prick Test ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Prick Test ◽  
Group 2

Background: As the prevalence of allergic diseases is increasing all over the world, it is vital to identify the specific allergens which contribute to the development and persistence of such conditions. Objectives: This study aims to assess the prevalence of aeroallergen sensitization and, to evaluate the profile of skin prick test among atopic Jordanian children who are visiting Jordan University Hospital (JUH). Methods: A retrospective analysis of all Skin Prick Test (SPT) results of atopic children and adolescents aged (1.5-18 years) who were seen at the pediatrics clinics at JUH from January 2018 until December 2019. Results: Over two years, a total of 171 children (male: female ratio of 1.9) with a median age of 6.2 years (1.5-18) were subjected to SPT. One hundred and seven children (62.5%) were found to be sensitized to at least one of the ten aeroallergen extracts tested. The most common sensitizations were to olive pollen (45.6%), Mites Dermatophagoides Petronyssinus (42.0%), and Dog Dander (38.6%). The highest sensitization rate was among the age group 2-4 years (28.1%). The sensitization rates increased in conjunction with an increase in age in the first age groups (preschool and school-age groups). Conclusion: The study’s findings provide an understanding of the locally prevalent aeroallergens, yet a multi-center review would be more useful for creating an optimized SPT panel specific to the Jordanian pediatric population.

scholarly journals IgE, IgG1, and IgG4 Reactivity to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus Glycosylated Extract in Allergic Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael de Oliveira Resende ◽  
Leandro Hideki Ynoue ◽  
Juliana Silva Miranda ◽  
Karine Cristine de Almeida ◽  
Deise Aparecida de Oliveira Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Blotting ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Dermatophagoides Pteronyssinus ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
House Dust Mites ◽  
Dust Mites ◽  
Specific Igg4 ◽  
Allergenic Proteins ◽  
Allergen Sources ◽  
Cona Affinity Chromatography

Background. House dust mites are important allergen sources and some of these allergenic proteins may contain carbohydrate moieties, which are able to be isolated using lectins, as Concanavalin A (ConA). This study aimed to investigate allergenicity (IgE) and antigenicity (IgG1 and IgG4) of ConA-unbound and ConA-bound Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dpt) crude extracts using sera of mite-allergic patients as well as inhibition capacity of antibody binding. Material and Methods. We obtained mannose-enriched and mannose-depleted fractions from Dpt by ConA affinity chromatography. Both ConA-bound and ConA-unbound fractions were evaluated by ELISA and Western Blotting for specific IgE, IgG1, and IgG4 reactivity with sera obtained from 95 mite-allergic patients (DP+) and 92 nonallergic (NA) subjects. Inhibition ELISA was used to assess cross-reactivity between Dpt extract and its fractions. Results. Among the DP+ patients, no difference was found between ConA-unbound and ConA-bound fractions regarding the levels of specific IgE, IgG1, and IgG4. Nonallergic subjects had the same levels of specific IgG1 to both ConA-unbound and ConA-bound fractions, although for specific IgG4, values were higher for ConA-bound. A positive correlation was found among specific IgE, IgG1, and IgG4 levels when Dpt was compared to ConA-unbound and ConA-bound fractions. Recognition of crude Dpt by IgE, IgG1, and IgG4 was highly inhibited by ConA-unbound and ConA-bound fractions. Western Blotting revealed a broad spectrum of bands ranging from 14 to 116 kDa recognized by specific IgE and IgG4. However, IgG1 reached higher frequency values on high molecular weight polypeptides. Conclusion. ConA-unbound and ConA-bound fractions derived from D. pteronyssinus crude extract revealed important components involved in the IgE recognition in allergic patients as well as IgG1 and/or IgG4 in allergic and healthy subjects.

scholarly journals Az allergia laboratóriumi diagnosztikájának rövid hazai története, a jelen lehetőségei és a jövő perspektívája

2015 ◽  
Vol 156 (32) ◽  
pp. 1275-1280
Author(s):  
Sándor Sipka
Keyword(s):  
Control Program ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Quality Control Program ◽  
Allergen Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Allergy Diagnostics

Up to know the indications for the optimal applications of laboratory diagnosis of allergic diseases have become widely known. Measurements of allergy specific IgE and various tests of cell mediated immunity are included in the practice. It can be stated that measurements of total serum IgE and allergen specific IgE (kU/l and RAST classes) can be maintained further in the Hungarian practice with the expected continuous participation of all laboratories in the external quality control program (QualiCont). However, it is also apparent that regional introduction of the urgent “molecular (component) based allergy diagnostics” has become necessary for efficient allergen specific immunotherapy in Hungary. In cases of the allergen specific cell mediated immunologic reactions, allergen induced cell proliferation and cytokine release measurements are recommended. However, it is also obvious that application of these measurements in clinical practice need correct financial support from health care authorities. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(32), 1275–1280.

scholarly journals HLA-G in Allergy: Does It Play an Immunoregulatory Role?

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Negrini ◽  
Paola Contini ◽  
Giuseppe Murdaca ◽  
Francesco Puppo
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Asthma ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Allergen Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Soluble Hla

Allergy is an inflammatory process determined by a cascade of immune events characterized by T-helper 2 lymphocytes polarization leading to interleukin-4 upregulation, IgE secretion, and mast cell and eosinophil activation. HLA-G molecules, both in membrane-bound and in soluble forms, are known to play a key immunoregulatory role and their involvement in allergic diseases is supported by increasing literature data. HLA-G expression and secretion is specifically induced in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of allergic patients after in vitro incubation with the causal allergen. Elevated levels of soluble HLA-G molecules are detected in serum of patients with allergic rhinitis correlating with allergen-specific IgE levels, clinical severity, drug consumption and response to allergen-specific immunotherapy. HLA-G genetic polymorphisms confer susceptibility to allergic asthma development and high levels of soluble HLA-G molecules are found in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with allergic asthma correlating with allergen-specific IgE levels. Interestingly, allergic pregnant women have lower plasma sHLA-G levels than non-allergic women during the 3rd trimester of pregnancy and at delivery. Finally, in allergic patients with atopic dermatitis HLA-G molecules are expressed by T cells, monocytes-macrophages and Langerhans cells infiltrating the dermis. Although at present is difficult to completely define the role of HLA-G molecules in allergic diseases, it may be suggested that they are specifically expressed and secreted by immune cells during the allergic reaction in an attempt to suppress allergic inflammation.

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