scholarly journals What a herbivore hides: a worm lizard (Squamata: Amphisbaenidae) predation event by Dasyprocta punctata (Rodentia: Dasyproctidae) at the Santuario Guanenta-Alto Río Fonce, Colombia

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 (1) ◽  
pp. 001-007
Author(s):  
Carlos Cáceres-Martínez ◽  
Joan Zamora-Abrego ◽  
Juan Arredondo ◽  
Andrés Arias-Alzate
Keyword(s):  
Predation Event

Evidence of a predation event on a tagged Mediterranean spearfish (Tetrapturus belone; Pisces, Istiophoridae), inferred from pop-up satellite tagging data

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Danilo Malara ◽  
Pietro Battaglia ◽  
Pierpaolo Consoli ◽  
Erika Arcadi ◽  
Simonepietro Canese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Research Group ◽  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Pelagic Species ◽  
Archival Tag ◽  
Abiotic Parameters ◽  
Predation Event ◽  
Satellite Tagging ◽  
First Time

The Strait of Messina is located at the centre of the Mediterranean Sea and is considered a biodiversity hotspot and an obligatory seasonal passage for different pelagic species such as sharks, marine mammals, and billfishes. For the first time, in the Strait of Messina, our research group tagged a Mediterranean spearfish (Tetrapturus belone) using a pop-up satellite archival tag (PSAT). The observation of abiotic parameters (depth, light, and temperature) recorded by the PSAT confirmed that the tagged specimen was predated after about nine hours. The tag was then regurgitated 14 days after the tag deployment date. The analysis of collected data seems to indicate that the predator may be an ectothermic shark, most likely the bluntnose sixgill shark (Hexanchus griseus).

Novel observations of an opportunistic predation event by four apex predatory sharks

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 374-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.R. O’Shea ◽  
J. Mandelman ◽  
B. Talwar ◽  
E.J. Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Predation Event

scholarly journals Predation on Tropidurus hispidus (Squamata: Tropiduridae) by Lasiodora klugi (Aranea: Theraphosidae) in the semiarid caatinga region of northeastern Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Washington Luiz Silva Vieira ◽  
Maria Betânia Ribeiro Gonçalves ◽  
Rômulo Pantoja Nóbrega
Keyword(s):  
Short Communication ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Predation Event ◽  
Crab Spider

A predation event on Tropidurus hispidus (Tropiduridae) by the crab spider Lasiodora klugi (Theraphosidae) was observed in an arboreal caatinga area in northeastern Brazil. Arthropods are potential predators of small vertebrates and researchers have reported predation events involving spiders and herpetofauna in Neotropical regions. As such, the present short communication is the second case of predation of spiders on Tropidurus lizards in Brazil, and the first for the semiarid caatinga, reinforcing the argument that large spiders have relevant roles as predators of these animals.

scholarly journals Leptodactylus vastus (LEPTODACTYLIDAE) predation on an endemic frog, and a compilation of its diet

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Eduardo Alves Coelho ◽  
Felipe de Medeiros Magalhães ◽  
Aldenir Ferreira da Silva Neta ◽  
Ricardo Marques
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Diet Composition ◽  
Prey Selection ◽  
Striking Difference ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Predation Event ◽  
Mouth Size ◽  
Opportunistic Predator ◽  
History Of

Diet composition constitutes basic information on the natural history of the species. Despite the amount of data acquired in the last years, much remains to be known specially for geographically widespread species. Here we compiled the available dietary items of Leptodactylus vastus and report the first predation event upon Rupirana cardosoi by a juvenile L. vastus. The fact these species are syntopic in the region probably resulted in this novel predation event. Different from previous L. vastus predation observations, the specimens we observed do not present a striking difference in body size, but L. vastus was able to almost swallow L. cardosoi, coherent with findings that mouth size is related to prey selection in anurans. Also, our literature review showed that L. vastus is a generalist and opportunistic predator, that prey upon small vertebrates (Amphibia, Squamata, and Mammalia).

scholarly journals The importance of fieldwork over predictive modeling in quantifying predation events of carnivores marked with GPS technology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Mark Elbroch ◽  
B Lowrey ◽  
Heiko Wittmer
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Modeling ◽  
Puma Concolor ◽  
Prey Selection ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Handling Time ◽  
Gps Collars ◽  
Gps Technology ◽  
Location Data ◽  
Predation Event ◽  
American Society

© 2017 American Society of Mammalogists. Global positioning system (GPS) technology has revolutionized the study of carnivores. Researchers commonly estimate kill rates with GPS data using the following steps. Firstly, researchers mark individual animals and fit them with GPS collars. Next, they visit a subset of "GPS clusters" (aggregated location data) during field surveys and assign spatiotemporal covariates associated with predation and non-predation events. Lastly, they develop predictive models with data collected in the field to estimate the probability that each cluster they did not visit in the field was a predation event. Such predation models help reduce field efforts and save money; however, these models are prone to error when carnivores eat prey of different sizes or exhibit shorter-than-expected handling times. We simulated reduced field efforts to investigate the reliability of predictive modeling in determining diet composition and detecting predation events for 3 puma (Puma concolor) populations with different prey assemblages and potential effects on handling time of carcasses. We visited a total 1,896 clusters in Chilean Patagonia, Colorado, and California, of which 1,752 clusters (∼92%) were included to build and test predation models. Across all study areas, the total time a puma spent at a cluster was the only reliable predictor of a cluster being a predation event. When we reduced field efforts by selectively removing GPS clusters < 12 and < 24 h in length, model performance improved but produced inaccurate results. Predation models underestimated the number of predation events in California and Colorado and significantly over-or underestimated the number of predation events in Patagonia. Selectively reducing field efforts also reduced the diversity and evenness of prey we recorded in puma diets. Randomly reducing field efforts, in contrast, reduced the precision of model estimates. Our results highlight the importance of conducting intensive fieldwork over predation modeling to measure prey selection and kill rates of carnivores.

Thanatosis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme D. Ruxton ◽  
William L. Allen ◽  
Thomas N. Sherratt ◽  
Michael P. Speed
Keyword(s):  
Tonic Immobility ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Animal Hypnosis ◽  
Perceived Need ◽  
Death Feigning ◽  
Predation Event ◽  
Long Time

When physically restrained, many animals adopt a relatively immobile state that can last after the constraint has been released. The lack of movement is suggested to inhibit further attack by the predator and reduce the perceived need of the predator to continue to attack or constrain the prey. This phenomenon has been variously called death feigning, animal hypnosis, tonic immobility, and playing dead. However, we will use the term that the scientific literature seems to be coalescing around: thanatosis. Thanatosis is distinct from immobility used to reduce the risk of detection or tracking by a predator, since it acts later in the sequence of a predation event (generally after the prey has been detected and contacted by the predator). Although some instances of thanatosis are strongly suggestive of mimicry of death, some are less so, and there is potential for thanatosis to offer protection from predators through other mechanisms than feigning death. However, except for some very specialist situations considered briefly here, the function of thanatosis does appear to be employed as a means of protection from predators. Thanatosis is widespread taxonomically, and has been well known for a long time, but only recently has it received purpose-designed study.

scholarly journals Predation on Caribou (Rangifer tarandus) by Wolverines (Gulo gulo) after long pursuits

2019 ◽  
Vol 132 (4) ◽  
pp. 382-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey J. Magoun ◽  
Cristina R. Laird ◽  
Mark A. Keech ◽  
Patrick Valkenburg ◽  
Lincoln S. Parrett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Gulo Gulo ◽  
Predation Event ◽  
Primary Means ◽  
Snow Conditions ◽  
Northern Alaska

Ungulates are an important source of food for Wolverines (Gulo gulo), especially in winter when scavenging on carcasses is a primary means of obtaining food. However, Wolverines are also known to prey on ungulates. We followed fresh tracks of Wolverines pursuing Caribou (Rangifer tarandus) on six occasions on the tundra of northern Alaska in 2011, 2015, 2017, and 2018; all ended in a predation event after pursuits of 4−62 km. Exhaustion of the Caribou after long pursuits appeared to contribute to the success of predation attempts. Snow conditions appeared to be a factor in only one of the six cases.

scholarly journals Ferruginous Pygmy-owl (Glaucidium brasilianum) predation on a mobbing Fork-tailed Flycatcher (Tyrannus savana) in south-east Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Carlos Motta-Junior
Keyword(s):  
Predation Risk ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Large Prey ◽  
Predation Event ◽  
Glaucidium Brasilianum

I observed, and documented in detail, Ferruginous Pygmy Owl (Glaucidium brasilianum) predation on a mobbing Fork-tailed Flycatcher (Tyrannus savanna) in south-east Brazil. Events described in this account are supported with original photos. In addition to the predation event, I list 12 mobbing bird species that were alarmed by the presence of this raptor in the study area, including Trochilidae (Eupetomena macroura), Formicariidae (Formicivora rufa), Tyrannidae (Camptostoma obsoletum, Elaenia cristata, E. flavogaster, E. chiriquensis, T. savana, Myiarchus tyrannulus), Turdidae (Turdus leucomelas, T. amaurochalinus, T. rufiventris) and Emberizidae (Coryphospingus cucullatus). The Fork-tailed Flycatcher may represent 35-76.8% of the pygmy-owl body mass (41-80 g), which supports early reports about the predation on relatively large prey by this owl species. Although most authors have suggested that mobbing birds are subject to a low predation risk, this report and others confirmed that these events are not negligible and can be deadly dangerous to the mobbers, and conversely profitable to the raptor.

Behavioural Responses by Red-backed Salamanders to Conspecific and Heterospecific Cues

Behaviour ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 553-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Sullivan ◽  
Jason Rohr ◽  
Dale Madison
Keyword(s):  
Predation Risk ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Chemical Cues ◽  
Plethodon Cinereus ◽  
Phylogenetic Relatedness ◽  
Behavioural Responses ◽  
Alarm Cue ◽  
Predation Event ◽  
Plethodontid Salamanders ◽  
Desmognathus Ochrophaeus

AbstractChemical cues released from injured prey are thought to indicate the proximity of a predator or predation event, and therefore, an area of elevated predation risk. Prey often avoid chemical cues released from injured heterospecifics, but there is little evidence to determine whether this is due to homologous cues among phylogenetically related species, or avoidance of injured syntopic species that experience predation from the same predators. The purpose of this study was to examine the response of terrestrial red-backed salamanders (Plethodon cinereus) to chemical cues from non-injured and injured members of their prey guild that vary in their relatedness to P.cinereus. In the laboratory, P.cinereus avoided chemical cues from injured conspecifics, injured and non-injured slimy salamanders (P.glutinosus), and injured confamilial dusky salamanders (Desmognathus ochrophaeus). Red-backed salamanders did not avoid rinses from non-injured conspecifics and dusky salamanders, or cues from injured and non-injured earthworms (Lumbricus sp.), a more distantly related prey guild member. These results cannot be fully explained by either phylogenetic relatedness (among plethodontid salamanders) or prey guild membership alone. We suggest that a combination of these factors, and perhaps others, likely influenced the evolution of heterospecific alarm cue avoidance in the red-backed salamander.

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