scholarly journals Changes in resting-state connectivity in pediatric temporal lobe epilepsy

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Grassia ◽  
Andrew V. Poliakov ◽  
Sandra L. Poliachik ◽  
Kaitlyn Casimo ◽  
Seth D. Friedman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level Dependent ◽  
Mesial Temporal Sclerosis ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level ◽  
Temporal Lobes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dependent Signal ◽  
Healthy Side

OBJECTIVEFunctional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging (fcMRI) is a form of fMRI that allows for analysis of blood oxygen level–dependent signal changes within a task-free, resting paradigm. This technique has been shown to have efficacy in evaluating network connectivity changes with epilepsy. Presurgical data from patients with unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy were evaluated using the fcMRI technique to define connectivity changes within and between the diseased and healthy temporal lobes using a within-subjects design.METHODSUsing presurgical fcMRI data from pediatric patients with unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy, the authors performed seed-based analyses within the diseased and healthy temporal lobes. Connectivity within and between temporal lobe seeds was measured and compared.RESULTSIn the cohort studied, local ipsilateral temporal lobe connectivity was significantly increased on the diseased side compared to the healthy temporal lobe. Connectivity of the diseased side to the healthy side, on the other hand, was significantly reduced when compared to connectivity of the healthy side to the diseased temporal lobe. A statistically significant regression was observed when comparing the changes in local ipsilateral temporal lobe connectivity to the changes in inter–temporal lobe connectivity. A statistically significant difference was also noted in ipsilateral connectivity changes between patients with and those without mesial temporal sclerosis.CONCLUSIONSUsing fcMRI, significant changes in ipsilateral temporal lobe and inter–temporal lobe connectivity can be appreciated in unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy. Furthermore, fcMRI may have a role in the presurgical evaluation of patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy.

scholarly journals Anterior temporal lobectomy versus selective amygdalohippocampectomy in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio A. Nascimento ◽  
Luana Antunes Maranha Gatto ◽  
Carlos Silvado ◽  
Maria Joana Mäder-Joaquim ◽  
Marlus Sidney Moro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobectomy ◽  
Mesial Temporal Sclerosis ◽  
Anterior Temporal Lobectomy ◽  
Selective Amygdalohippocampectomy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mesial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Neuropsychological Outcomes

ABSTRACT Objective To contribute our experience with surgical treatment of patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) undergoing anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) or selective amygdalohippocampectomy (SelAH). Method This is a retrospective observational study. The sample included patients with medically refractory mTLE due to unilateral mesial temporal sclerosis who underwent either ATL or SelAH, at Hospital de Clinicas – UFPR, from 2005 to 2012. We report seizure outcomes, using Engel classification, cognitive outcomes, using measurements of verbal and visuospatial memories, as well as operative complications. Result Sixty-seven patients (33 ATL, 34 SelAH) were studied; median follow-up was 64 months. There was no statistically significant difference in seizure or neuropsychological outcomes, although verbal memory was more negatively affected in ATL operations on patients’ dominant hemispheres. Higher number of major complications was observed in the ATL group (p = 0.004). Conclusion Seizure and neuropsychological outcomes did not differ. ATL appeared to be associated with higher risk of complications.

scholarly journals Depression and temporal lobe epilepsy represent an epiphenomenon sharing similar neural networks: clinical and brain structural evidences

2013 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kette D. R. Valente ◽  
Geraldo Busatto Filho
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Mesial Temporal Sclerosis ◽  
Subcortical Structures ◽  
Temporal Lobes ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between depression and epilepsy has been known since ancient times, however, to date, it is not fully understood. The prevalence of psychiatric disorders in persons with epilepsy is high compared to general population. It is assumed that the rate of depression ranges from 20 to 55% in patients with refractory epilepsy, especially considering those with temporal lobe epilepsy caused by mesial temporal sclerosis. Temporal lobe epilepsy is a good biological model to understand the common structural basis between depression and epilepsy. Interestingly, mesial temporal lobe epilepsy and depression share a similar neurocircuitry involving: temporal lobes with hippocampus, amygdala and entorhinal and neocortical cortex; the frontal lobes with cingulate gyrus; subcortical structures, such as basal ganglia and thalamus; and the connecting pathways. We provide clinical and brain structural evidences that depression and epilepsy represent an epiphenomenon sharing similar neural networks.

scholarly journals Electrophysiological and auditory behavioral evaluation of individuals with left temporal lobe epilepsy

2010 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Nunes Rocha ◽  
Carmen Silvia Molleis Galego Miziara ◽  
Maria Luiza Giraldes de Manreza ◽  
Eliane Schochat
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
P300 Amplitude ◽  
P300 Latency ◽  
Mesial Temporal Sclerosis ◽  
Left Temporal Lobe ◽  
Behavioral Test ◽  
Temporal Lobes ◽  
Laterality Effect

The purpose of this study was to determine the repercussions of left temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) for subjects with left mesial temporal sclerosis (LMTS) in relation to the behavioral test-Dichotic Digits Test (DDT), event-related potential (P300), and to compare the two temporal lobes in terms of P300 latency and amplitude. We studied 12 subjects with LMTS and 12 control subjects without LMTS. Relationships between P300 latency and P300 amplitude at sites C3A1,C3A2,C4A1, and C4A2, together with DDT results, were studied in inter-and intra-group analyses. On the DDT, subjects with LMTS performed poorly in comparison to controls. This difference was statistically significant for both ears. The P300 was absent in 6 individuals with LMTS. Regarding P300 latency and amplitude, as a group, LMTS subjects presented trend toward greater P300 latency and lower P300 amplitude at all positions in relation to controls, difference being statistically significant for C3A1 and C4A2. However, it was not possible to determine laterality effect of P300 between affected and unaffected hemispheres.

scholarly journals Extrahippocampal temporal lobe atrophy in temporal lobe epilepsy and mesial temporal sclerosis

Brain ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. F. Moran ◽  
L. Lemieux ◽  
N. D. Kitchen ◽  
D. R. Fish ◽  
S. D. Shorvon
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Mesial Temporal Sclerosis ◽  
Lobe Atrophy

scholarly journals Somatosensory aura in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: semiologic characteristics, MRI findings and differential diagnosis with parietal lobe epilepsy

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcio Andriani Rahal ◽  
Gerardo Maria de Araújo Filho ◽  
Luís Otávio Sales Ferreira Caboclo ◽  
Vivianne Pellegrino Rosa ◽  
Ricardo da Silva Centeno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Mesial Temporal Sclerosis ◽  
Presurgical Evaluation ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Tingling Sensation ◽  
Mesial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Prevalent Symptom

INTRODUCTION: Somatosensory auras (SSAs) are more usually described in patients with parietal lobe epilepsy (PLE), producing more commonly a localized cutaneous tingling sensation, involving hands and fingers followed by tonic or clonic focal seizures. These usually originate in the contralateral hemisphere. Etiology includes dysplasias, tumours, ischemic or postencephalitic gliosis. However, other focal epilepsies, such as frontal and temporal, may also originate SSAs. Although this type of aura is reported as rare in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE), this association has not been systematically studied. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this article was to describe the cases of four patients with refractory MTLE and SSAs, reporting their clinical characteristics and MRI findings. We discuss the localizing and lateralizing value of SSAs, particularly in the context of MTLE. METHODS AND RESULTS: Four patients with refractory MTLE and SSAs followed-up in the outpatient's clinic at the Epilepsy Section, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, were submitted to presurgical evaluation and corticoamygdalohippocampectomy. MRI in all cases showed unilateral mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS). Regarding seizure semiology, tingling sensation involving the upper extremity was the most prevalent symptom. Three of the four patients had SSAs contralateral to the MTS. Following the SSAs all patients most of the time presented other symptoms such as autonomic or psychic auras evolving to psychomotor seizures. After surgical treatment, two of the patients presented infrequent auras, and two were rendered seizure-free. CONCLUSION: Although rare, SSAs can be present in MTLE. The characteristics of autonomic or psychic auras, psychomotor seizures, neuropsychological deficits, and typical neurophysiologic and MRI findings may help differentiate patients with MTLE from those with PLE.

scholarly journals Surgery for temporal lobe epilepsy associated with mesial temporal sclerosis in the older patient: A long-term follow-up

Epilepsia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 1024-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Murphy ◽  
Paul D. Smith ◽  
Martin Wood ◽  
Stephen Bowden ◽  
Terence J. O’Brien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Mesial Temporal Sclerosis ◽  
Older Patient ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Significance of surgery for temporal lobe epilepsy in childhood and adolescence

1970 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murray A. Falconer
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Temporal Lobectomy ◽  
Mesial Temporal Sclerosis ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pathological Lesion ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The problem of childhood temporal lobe epilepsy is reviewed and illustrated from three cases in which the patients were freed from fits by temporal lobectomy. The pathological lesion (mesial temporal sclerosis) is discussed and the likelihood that many adult cases have gone unrecognized in childhood is emphasized.

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