Tension pneumocephalus after insertion of ventriculoperitoneal shunt for aqueductal stenosis

1976 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Little ◽  
Collin S. MacCarty
Keyword(s):  
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt ◽  
Aqueductal Stenosis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tension Pneumocephalus ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A case of tension pneumocephalus after the insertion of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt for aqueductal stenosis is reported. The possible mechanisms producing this complication are discussed.

Obstructive hydrocephalus caused by an abnormal vein in the aqueduct

1991 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 960-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Watanabe ◽  
Ryoji Ishii ◽  
Masaki Kamada ◽  
Yasuo Suzuki ◽  
Kazuhiro Hirano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Computerized Tomography ◽  
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt ◽  
Obstructive Hydrocephalus ◽  
Aqueductal Stenosis ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A case is reported of aqueductal stenosis caused by an abnormal draining vein and demonstrated by computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt relieved the patient's progressive headaches.

Reversible facial pain due to hydrocephalus with trigeminal somatosensory evoked response changes

1982 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gideon Findler ◽  
Moshe Feinsod
Keyword(s):  
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt ◽  
Facial Pain ◽  
Aqueductal Stenosis ◽  
Evoked Response ◽  
Shunt Malfunction ◽  
Unaffected Side ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Somatosensory Evoked Response ◽  
The Waves ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A patient with hydrocephalus due to aqueductal stenosis suffered facial pain which was relieved after the insertion of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. The trigeminal somatosensory evoked response (TSER) of the affected side showed lower amplitudes and longer latencies as compared to the unaffected side. Following surgery, the waves regained higher amplitudes and shorter latencies. An episode of shunt malfunction was accompanied by recurrent facial pain and impairment of the TSER. Both improved after revision of the shunt. The possible etiology of facial pain in patients with hydrocephalus is discussed.

Giant cyst of the septum pellucidum

1981 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 646-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Román Garza-Mercado
Keyword(s):  
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Aqueductal Stenosis ◽  
Septum Pellucidum ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Generalized Seizures ◽  
History Of ◽  
Conray Ventriculography ◽  
Fine Print ◽  
Progressive Enlargement

✓ Symptomatic cysts of the septum pellucidum are rare. Up to 1969, only 17 published cases were considered to be symptomatic. In the case reported here, a 9-week-old girl was hospitalized because of disproportionate progressive enlargement of the head, lumbar myelomeningocele, and a history of generalized seizures. A giant septum pellucidum cyst was demonstrated on Conray ventriculography and later on computerized tomography (CT) scanning. Aqueductal stenosis was suspected. The cyst was excised at craniotomy. A ventriculoperitoneal shunt was required to treat the accompanying hydrocephalus.

Spontaneous etrusion of the abdominal tube through the umbilicus complicating peritoneal shunt for hydrocephalus

1973 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 758-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adelola Adeloye
Keyword(s):  
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Abdominal Portion ◽  
Fine Print

✓ This paper reports the spontaneous extrusion of the abdominal portion of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt through the umbilicus. Some of the possible predisposing factors are discussed.

Pneumocephalus following ventriculoperitoneal shunt

1975 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 631-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence H. Pitts ◽  
Charles B. Wilson ◽  
Herbert H. Dedo ◽  
Robert Weyand
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Leakage ◽  
Congenital Defects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunting ◽  
Tegmen Tympani ◽  
Temporal Bones ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors describe a case of massive pneumocephalus following ventriculoperitoneal shunting for hydrocephalus. After multiple diagnostic and surgical procedures, congenital defects in the tegmen tympani of both temporal bones were identified as the sources for entry of air. A functioning shunt intermittently established negative intracranial pressure and allowed ingress of air through these abnormalities; when the shunt was occluded, air did not enter the skull, and there was no cerebrospinal fluid leakage. Repair of these middle ear defects prevented further recurrence of pneumocephalus.

Intestinal volvulus secondary to a ventriculoperitoneal shunt

1971 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H. Sakoda ◽  
John A. Maxwell ◽  
Charles E. Brackett
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt ◽  
Unusual Complication ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Intestinal Volvulus ◽  
Silastic Catheter ◽  
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunting ◽  
Catheter Implantation ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Volvulus with intestinal obstruction is an unusual complication of ventriculoperitoneal shunting. It was the most serious of the few complications experienced in 56 cases of intraperitoneal Silastic catheter implantation and probably represented reaction to the peritoneal incision rather than reaction of the tissue to Silastic.

Analysis of aqueductal cerebrospinal fluid flow after endoscopic aqueductoplasty by using cine phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging

2000 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry W. S. Schroeder ◽  
Christiane Schweim ◽  
Klaus H. Schweim ◽  
Michael R. Gaab
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Aqueductal Stenosis ◽  
Csf Flow ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Endoscopic Aqueductoplasty ◽  
Fine Print

Object. The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate aqueductal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow after endoscopic aqueductoplasty. In all patients, preoperative magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed hydrocephalus caused by aqueductal stenosis and lack of aqueductal CSF flow.Methods. In 14 healthy volunteers and in eight patients with aqueductal stenosis who had undergone endoscopic aqueductoplasty, aqueductal CSF flow was investigated using cine cardiac-gated phase-contrast MR imaging. For qualitative evaluation of CSF flow, the authors used an in-plane phase-contrast sequence in the midsagittal plane. The MR images were displayed in a closed-loop cine format. Quantitative through-plane measurements were performed in the axial plane perpendicular to the aqueduct. Evaluation revealed no significant difference in aqueductal CSF flow between healthy volunteers and patients with regard to temporal parameters, CSF peak and mean velocities, mean flow, and stroke volume. All restored aqueducts have remained patent 7 to 31 months after surgery.Conclusions. Aqueductal CSF flow after endoscopic aqueductoplasty is similar to aqueductal CSF flow in healthy volunteers. The data indicate that endoscopic aqueductoplasty seems to restore physiological aqueductal CSF flow.

Intracranial air on computerized tomography

1978 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne G. Osborn ◽  
Jonathan H. Daines ◽  
S. Douglas Wing ◽  
Robert E. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Computerized Tomography ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Clinical Therapy ◽  
Tension Pneumocephalus ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Intracranial gas may be epidural, subdural, subarachnoid, parenchymal, or intraventricular. Intracranial air can be easily diagnosed and its location correctly assessed by computerized tomography. Potentially serious complications of intracranial air, such as tension pneumocephalus, can be rapidly and accurately identified, facilitating appropriate clinical therapy.

Failure of third ventriculostomy in the treatment of aqueductal stenosis in children

1999 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 448-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Cinalli ◽  
Christian Sainte-Rose ◽  
Paul Chumas ◽  
Michel Zerah ◽  
Francis Brunelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Aqueductal Stenosis ◽  
Third Ventriculostomy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Group I ◽  
Endoscopic Guidance ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Fine Print

Object. The goal of this study was to analyze the types of failure and long-term efficacy of third ventriculostomy in children.Methods. The authors retrospectively analyzed clinical data obtained in 213 children affected by obstructive triventricular hydrocephalus who were treated by third ventriculostomy between 1973 and 1997. There were 120 boys and 93 girls. The causes of the hydrocephalus included: aqueductal stenosis in 126 cases; toxoplasmosis in 23 cases, pineal, mesencephalic, or tectal tumor in 42 cases; and other causes in 22 cases. In 94 cases, the procedure was performed using ventriculographic guidance (Group I) and in 119 cases by using endoscopic guidance (Group II). In 19 cases (12 in Group I and seven in Group II) failure was related to the surgical technique. Three deaths related to the technique were observed in Group I. For the remaining patients, Kaplan—Meier survival analysis showed a functioning third ventriculostomy rate of 72% at 6 years with a mean follow-up period of 45.5 months (range 4 days–17 years). No significant differences were found during long-term follow up between the two groups. In Group I, a significantly higher failure rate was seen in children younger than 6 months of age, but this difference was not observed in Group II. Thirty-eight patients required reoperation (21 in Group I and 17 in Group II) because of persistent or recurrent intracranial hypertension. In 29 patients shunt placement was necessary. In nine patients in whom there was radiologically confirmed obstruction of the stoma, the third ventriculostomy was repeated; this was successful in seven cases. Cine phase-contrast (PC) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging studies were performed in 15 patients in Group I at least 10 years after they had undergone third ventriculostomy (range 10–17 years, median 14.3 years); this confirmed long-term patency of the stoma in all cases.Conclusions. Third ventriculostomy effectively controls obstructive triventricular hydrocephalus in more than 70% of children and should be preferred to placement of extracranial cerebrospinal shunts in this group of patients. When performed using ventriculographic guidance, the technique has a higher mortality rate and a higher failure rate in children younger than 6 months of age and is, therefore, no longer preferred. When third ventriculostomy is performed using endoscopic guidance, the same long-term results are achieved in children younger than 6 months of age as in older children and, thus, patient age should no longer be considered as a contraindication to using the technique. Delayed failures are usually secondary to obstruction of the stoma and often can be managed by repeating the procedure. Midline sagittal T2-weighted MR imaging sequences combined with cine PC MR imaging flow measurements provide a reliable tool for diagnosis of aqueductal stenosis and for ascertaining the patency of the stoma during follow-up evaluation.

Abdominal pseudocysts and ascites formation after ventriculoperitoneal shunt procedures

1975 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 476-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Walton Parry ◽  
John F. Schuhmacher ◽  
Raeburn C. Llewellyn
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Late Complications ◽  
Neurological Symptoms ◽  
Shunt Malfunction ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunts ◽  
Ascites Formation ◽  
Fine Print

✓The authors report three patients with abdominal pseudocysts and one with cerebrospinal fluid ascites as late complications of ventriculoperitoneal shunts. The presenting signs and symptoms were those of an intraabdominal abnormality, with no neurological symptoms suggestive of shunt malfunction.

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