scholarly journals Redesigning antidepressant drug discovery

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-7
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Antidepressant Drug ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Drug Discovery And Development ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Rapid Transfer ◽  
Efficacy Studies

Antidepressant drug discovery and development have been put on hold by many pharmaceutical companies. The main reason for this is the negative efficacy studies with novel specific drugs. Here I argue that the main obstacles are the absence of gene tests and biomarkers as an integral part of a diagnostic process. Further, too much emphasis has been put on validating drug candidates in animal models of psychiatric disorders. A more rapid transfer of drug candidates into human research is necessary to overcome current obstacles that prevent the discovery of next-generation antidepressants.

scholarly journals Inaugural Charles River World Congress on Animal Models in Drug Discovery and Development

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (S3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay A. Berzofsky ◽  
Lauren Gerard Koch ◽  
Steven L. Britton ◽  
Shaochen Chen ◽  
Wei Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
World Congress ◽  
Drug Discovery And Development

Alternative Animal and Non-Animal Models for Drug Discovery and Development: Bonus or Burden?

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 681-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irlan Almeida Freires ◽  
Janaina de Cássia Orlandi Sardi ◽  
Ricardo Dias de Castro ◽  
Pedro Luiz Rosalen
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Drug Discovery And Development

scholarly journals Animal models of major depressive disorder and the implications for drug discovery and development

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantin A. Demin ◽  
Maxim Sysoev ◽  
Maria V. Chernysh ◽  
Anna K. Savva ◽  
Mamiko Koshiba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Drug Discovery And Development

A Role for Virtual Biotechnology Companies in Drug Discovery and Development?

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dianne Nicol ◽  
Johnathon Liddicoat ◽  
Christine Critchley
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Virtual Model ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Drug Discovery And Development ◽  
Biotechnology Companies ◽  
Novel Method

The orthodox business model of many drug discovery and development companies centres on adding value to early-stage discoveries prior to engaging with large pharmaceutical companies to bring products to market. Anecdotal observations suggest some companies are moving to a ‘virtual’ business model - instead of employing in-house scientists, a skeletal management team runs the company and out-sources all research and development. This article presents a novel method to determine whether companies are virtual, based on author bylines in peer-reviewed journal articles. Applying this method to Australian companies in this sector, the size of the cohort identified as virtual was much larger than anticipated, around 52%. The accuracy of this method has been verified statistically using interview data. This article discusses the value and limitations of this method, positing that it can be used to analyse industry and policy implications that may result from widespread adoption of the virtual model

Cytochrome P450 enzymes: a review on drug metabolizing enzyme inhibition studies in drug discovery and development

Bioanalysis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 1355-1378
Author(s):  
Siva Nageswara Rao Gajula ◽  
Megha Sajakumar Pillai ◽  
Gananadhamu Samanthula ◽  
Rajesh Sonti
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Enzyme Inhibition ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Cytochrome P450 Enzymes ◽  
Drug Discovery And Development ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Cyp Enzymes ◽  
Cyp Inhibition

Assessment of drug candidate's potential to inhibit cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes remains crucial in pharmaceutical drug discovery and development. Both direct and time-dependent inhibition of drug metabolizing CYP enzymes by the concomitant administered drug is the leading cause of drug–drug interactions (DDIs), resulting in the increased toxicity of the victim drug. In this context, pharmaceutical companies have grown increasingly diligent in limiting CYP inhibition liabilities of drug candidates in the early stages and examining risk assessments throughout the drug development process. This review discusses different strategies and decision-making processes for assessing the drug–drug interaction risks by enzyme inhibition and lays particular emphasis on in vitro study designs and interpretation of CYP inhibition data in a stage-appropriate context.

scholarly journals Regulatory Forum Opinion Piece*: Use and Utility of Animal Models of Disease for Nonclinical Safety Assessment: A Pharmaceutical Industry Survey

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 372-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherry J. Morgan ◽  
Jessica Couch ◽  
Peggy Guzzie-Peck ◽  
Douglas A. Keller ◽  
Ray Kemper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Animal Models Of Disease ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Good Laboratory ◽  
Biotechnology Companies ◽  
Models Of Disease

An Innovation and Quality (IQ) Consortium focus group conducted a cross-company survey to evaluate current practices and perceptions around the use of animal models of disease (AMDs) in nonclinical safety assessment of molecules in clinical development. The IQ Consortium group is an organization of pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies with the mission of advancing science and technology. The survey queried the utilization of AMDs during drug discovery in which drug candidates are evaluated in efficacy models and limited short-duration non-Good Laboratory Practices (GLP) toxicology testing and during drug development in which drug candidates are evaluated in GLP toxicology studies. The survey determined that the majority of companies used AMDs during drug discovery primarily as a means for proactively assessing potential nonclinical safety issues prior to the conduct of toxicology studies, followed closely by the use of AMDs to better understand toxicities associated with exaggerated pharmacology in traditional toxicology models or to derisk issues when the target is only expressed in the disease state. In contrast, the survey results indicated that the use of AMDs in development is infrequent, being used primarily to investigate nonclinical safety issues associated with targets expressed only in disease states and/or in response to requests from global regulatory authorities.

Financial accounts reports

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Aaronson
Keyword(s):  
Protein Interactions ◽  
Life Science ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Quality And Safety ◽  
Drug Discovery And Development ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Food Quality And Safety ◽  
Research Centres ◽  
Future Growth

Biacore International AB is a supplier of analytical systems that are used to generate data on protein interactions. The data are used to help understand the functionality of the proteins, to understand the role they play in both healthy and diseased states and to help identify and develop drug candidates. Using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technology as the basis for detection and monitoring of protein interactions, Biacore has expanded the use of its technology into the food analysis market, providing manufacturers with solutions for determining food quality and safety. However, the company is focusing on drug discovery and development as its prime areas for future growth. Based in Uppsala, Sweden, Biacore has sales locations around the world and sells its products to life science research centres, large pharmaceutical companies and biotechnology businesses. Founded in 1984, the company is listed on the Stockholmsbörsen.

Toxicity testing and drug screening using iPSC-derived hepatocytes, cardiomyocytes, and neural cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (7) ◽  
pp. 687-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mária Csöbönyeiová ◽  
Štefan Polák ◽  
L’uboš Danišovič
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Security Evaluation ◽  
Neural Cells ◽  
Toxicity Screening ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Unexpected toxicity in areas such as cardiotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and neurotoxicity is a serious complication of clinical therapy and one of the key causes for failure of promising drug candidates in development. Animal studies have been widely used for toxicology research to provide preclinical security evaluation of various therapeutic agents under development. Species differences in drug penetration of the blood–brain barrier, drug metabolism, and related toxicity contribute to failure of drug trials from animal models to human. The existing system for drug discovery has relied on immortalized cell lines, animal models of human disease, and clinical trials in humans. Moreover, drug candidates that are passed as being safe in the preclinical stage often show toxic effects during the clinical stage. Only around 16% drugs are approved for human use. Research on induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) promises to enhance drug discovery and development by providing simple, reproducible, and economically effective tools for drug toxicity screening under development and, on the other hand, for studying the disease mechanism and pathways. In this review, we provide an overview of basic information about iPSCs, and discuss efforts aimed at the use of iPSC-derived hepatocytes, cardiomyocytes, and neural cells in drug discovery and toxicity testing.

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