scholarly journals Quaternary Glaciations in the Andes of North-Central Chile

1975 ◽  
Vol 14 (70) ◽  
pp. 155-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar N. Caviedes ◽  
Roland Paskoff
Keyword(s):  
Polar Front ◽  
Southern Andes ◽  
North Central ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Quaternary Glaciations ◽  
Chilean Andes

The extension of the Quaternary glaciations has been studied in the semi-arid Andes of north-central Chile, where the glacial modelling is striking. In the Elqui valley (lat. 30°S.), two glacial advances were identified reaching down to 3 100 m (Laguna glaciation) and 2 500 m (Tapado glaciation). In the Aconcagua valley (lat. 33°S.), moraines from three major glacial advances were found, at 2 800 m (Portillo glaciation), 1 600 m (Guardia Vieja glaciation) and 1 300 m (Salto del Soldado glaciation).The Quaternary glaciations were linked with a decrease of temperature, but more significantly with a marked increase of precipitation probably related to an equatorward shift of 5–6 degrees of the austral polar front. The results obtained in the semi-arid Chilean Andes are correlated with those recently reported from other sectors of the southern Andes.

scholarly journals Quaternary Glaciations in the Andes of North-Central Chile

1975 ◽  
Vol 14 (70) ◽  
pp. 155-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar N. Caviedes ◽  
Roland Paskoff
Keyword(s):  
Polar Front ◽  
Southern Andes ◽  
North Central ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Quaternary Glaciations ◽  
Chilean Andes

The extension of the Quaternary glaciations has been studied in the semi-arid Andes of north-central Chile, where the glacial modelling is striking. In the Elqui valley (lat. 30°S.), two glacial advances were identified reaching down to 3 100 m (Laguna glaciation) and 2500 m (Tapado glaciation). In the Aconcagua valley (lat. 33°S.), moraines from three major glacial advances were found, at 2800 m (Portillo glaciation), 1600 m (Guardia Vieja glaciation) and 1300 m (Salto del Soldado glaciation). The Quaternary glaciations were linked with a decrease of temperature, but more significantly with a marked increase of precipitation probably related to an equatorward shift of 5–6 degrees of the austral polar front. The results obtained in the semi-arid Chilean Andes are correlated with those recently reported from other sectors of the southern Andes.

scholarly journals Stratigraphic evidence of two historical tsunamis on the semi-arid coast of north-central Chile

2021 ◽  
Vol 266 ◽  
pp. 107052
Author(s):  
Jessica M. DePaolis ◽  
Tina Dura ◽  
Breanyn MacInnes ◽  
Lisa L. Ely ◽  
Marco Cisternas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Central ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
Historical Tsunamis ◽  
Arid Coast ◽  
Semi Arid

North and South: Hunter-Gatherer Communities in the Andes Mountains in Central Chile

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis E. Cornejo B. ◽  
Lorena Sanhueza R.
Keyword(s):  
River Valley ◽  
Andes Mountains ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
Hunter Gatherers ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Social Units ◽  
North And South ◽  
Chilean Andes

AbstractOne of the most serious limitations in studies of prehistoric hunter-gatherer societies based on the archaeological record has been the difficulty of establishing distinctions among groups that inhabited a given area at the same time. This article suggests that, at least during a period ranging from 3000 B.C. to A.D. 1000, the Central Chilean Andes, specifically the Maipo River Valley, was occupied by two groups of hunter-gatherers that were distinct enough for us to propose that they were actually two different social units.

scholarly journals La fecha de la cerámica más temprana en los Andes sur. Una perspectiva macrorregional mediante modelos bayesianos

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Johnson Marsh
Keyword(s):  
San Juan ◽  
Human History ◽  
Southern Andes ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Southern Limit ◽  
North Central ◽  
South Central ◽  
History Of ◽  
Few Data ◽  
Semi Arid

<p>La cerámica más temprana marca un hito en la historia humana de los Andes del sur. Este trabajo propone una aproximación de la edad de la cerámica más temprana mediante modelos cronológicos basados en la estadística bayesiana. En estos, se comparan 84 fechados radiocarbónicos y de termoluminiscencia de 49 sitios que abarcan dos áreas en Argentina dentro de las provincias de San Juan y Mendoza y tres áreas del norte semi-árido, centro y centro-sur de Chile. Los datos analizados indican un patrón llamativo de fechas similares en cuatro de las cinco áreas, con medianas entre 2100 y 2180 cal. AP (2250-1920, 68% probabilidad, límites iniciales), aunque algunos de los rangos de error son amplios. Se destaca la similitud de las fechas en una macrorregión que se extiende a lo largo de 1000 kilómetros (norte-sur) entre las 30° a 39°S y que contiene una gran variedad de ambientes. La coincidencia temporal resulta aún más llamativa porque el límite sur de agricultura en el continente Sudamericano se encuentra en estas áreas. Este trabajo pretende incentivar el interés de los investigadores en la excavación y el fechado de contextos relevantes y estimular las discusiones sobre la naturaleza de la adopción inicial de la cerámica en los Andes del sur.</p><p><br /><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p><br />The earliest pottery marks a milestone in the human history of the southern Andes. This paper proposes an approximation of the date of the earliest pottery using Bayesian chronological models. Models of 84 radiocarbon and thermoluminescence dates from 49 sites are compared among five areas in Argentina (the provinces of San Juan and Mendoza) and Chile (the semi-arid north, central, and south central). Although there are still few data, they show an intriguing pattern of very similar dates with medians between 2100–2180 cal BP (2250–1920, 68% probability, starting boundaries) in four of the areas, though some error ranges are large. The similarity of the dates is striking considering that the macro-region extends over one thousand kilometers (north–south) from 30° to 39°S and includes a diverse range of environments. The contemporaneity is even more notable because these areas include the continent’s southern limit of agriculture. It is hoped this will encourage researchers to more carefully assess this period when excavating and dating relevant contexts as well as encourage discussions on the nature of the initial adoption of ceramics in the southern Andes.</p>

scholarly journals Studies of the Shrinkage After a Sudden Advance, Blue Bands and Wave Ogives on Glaciar Universidad (Central Chilean Andes)

1958 ◽  
Vol 3 (24) ◽  
pp. 261-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Lliboutry
Keyword(s):  
Ice Crystals ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Baffin Island ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
Surface Features ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Shear Planes ◽  
Chilean Andes

AbstractThe recently discovered Glaciar Universidad is the second largest glacier in central Chile. Aerial photographs taken in 1945 show that just before that date it had undergone a “glacier flood” or sudden advance, similar to those suffered by four other great glaciers of central Chile between 1927 and 1947. The cause of these floods is sought. Surface features (firn line, absence of penitentes but presence of “pocket-penitents”, glacier mills, dirt cones, water-filled holes with submerged ice crystals in them) prove that Glaciar Universidad is the most northerly glacier in the Andes of an Alpine type. The disposition of blue bands, crevasses, closed crevasses and shear planes is reported. Wave ogives are studied and an explanation is given of why dark Forbes’ bands form subsequently on these waves. A kind of unstratified esker of a form similar to a deposit observed by Mr. W. H. Ward in Baffin Island, has been studied, as also has the shearing of the frontal cliff along dirt strata; a theory of both phenomena according to which shear transfers material from the bed to the surface is questioned.

scholarly journals Latitudinal and Longitudinal Patterns of Exhumation in the Andes of North‐Central Chile

Tectonics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 2863-2886 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Pía Rodríguez ◽  
Reynaldo Charrier ◽  
Stephanie Brichau ◽  
Sébastien Carretier ◽  
Marcelo Farías ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Central ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
Longitudinal Patterns ◽  
The Andes

scholarly journals Hydro-meteorological trends in semi-arid north-central Chile (29–32°S): water resources implications for a fragile Andean region

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxime Souvignet ◽  
Ricardo Oyarzún ◽  
Koen M.J. Verbist ◽  
Hartmut Gaese ◽  
Jürgen Heinrich
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Andean Region ◽  
North Central ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
Semi Arid

Neogene landscape evolution in the Andes of north-central Chile between 28 and 32°S: interplay between tectonic and erosional processes

2014 ◽  
Vol 399 (1) ◽  
pp. 419-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Pía Rodríguez ◽  
Germán Aguilar ◽  
Constanza Urresty ◽  
Reynaldo Charrier
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Evolution ◽  
North Central ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
The Andes

scholarly journals Studies of the Shrinkage After a Sudden Advance, Blue Bands and Wave Ogives on Glaciar Universidad (Central Chilean Andes)

1958 ◽  
Vol 3 (24) ◽  
pp. 261-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Lliboutry
Keyword(s):  
Ice Crystals ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Baffin Island ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
Surface Features ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Shear Planes ◽  
Chilean Andes

AbstractThe recently discovered Glaciar Universidad is the second largest glacier in central Chile. Aerial photographs taken in 1945 show that just before that date it had undergone a “glacier flood” or sudden advance, similar to those suffered by four other great glaciers of central Chile between 1927 and 1947. The cause of these floods is sought. Surface features (firn line, absence ofpenitentesbut presence of “pocket-penitents”, glacier mills, dirt cones, water-filled holes with submerged ice crystals in them) prove that Glaciar Universidad is the most northerly glacier in the Andes of an Alpine type. The disposition of blue bands, crevasses, closed crevasses and shear planes is reported. Wave ogives are studied and an explanation is given of why dark Forbes’ bands form subsequently on these waves. A kind of unstratified esker of a form similar to a deposit observed by Mr. W. H. Ward in Baffin Island, has been studied, as also has the shearing of the frontal cliff along dirt strata; a theory of both phenomena according to which shear transfers material from the bed to the surface is questioned.

New chronostratigraphic records of the early-to-middle Holocene in the north-central region of Chile indicate Andean foothills housed hunter-gatherers during pulses of extreme aridity

The Holocene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 095968362110116
Author(s):  
Sebastián Grasset ◽  
Amalia Nuevo-Delaunay ◽  
José Álvarez ◽  
Antonio Maldonado ◽  
César Méndez
Keyword(s):  
Hunter Gatherers ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
North Central ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
Middle Holocene ◽  
Mobile Populations ◽  
The North ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Adverse Environmental Conditions

The scarcity of middle Holocene radiocarbon dates in different regions of the Andes has been interpreted as an indicator of discontinuity in human occupations in response to adverse environmental conditions due to marked aridity. In the subtropical Andes of north-central Chile and adjacent areas, this paucity has been detected in radiocarbon ages between 8000 and 6000 cal BP. A systematic programme of cave excavations with detailed chronologies in the Combarbalá area in the Andean western foothills at 31°S allows questioning the role these spaces and ecosystems played for hunter-gatherers throughout the Holocene. The elusive record of dateable material has been addressed by excavating deposits under rock-shelters which tend to trap sedimentary material. This dataset has been compared with the available climate records and shows a collation between the onset of various site chronologies during the early-to-middle Holocene and periods of extreme aridity. The organization of mobility and the role of Andean foothills for hunter-gatherer settlements is reviewed. Resource availability in the area, namely fresh water supply, good-quality toolstones, faunal resources, and shelters, attracted mobile populations to these environments as indicated by our records as well as others in the broader region.

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