Pathogenetic mechanisms and basic approaches to Doppler diagnostics of prenatal centralization of blood circulation in fetal growth restriction syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Yu. A. STEPANOVA ◽  
◽  
V. I. SEMINA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Pathogenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Basic Approaches

scholarly journals Vascular endothelial growth factor role in predicting vascular disorders in pregnant with fetal growth restriction syndrome

2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
E V Ul’yanina ◽  
I F Fatkullin
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

The review covers the up-to-date data of vascular endothelial growth factor role in forming of placental blood circulation in non-complicated pregnancy and in fetal growth retardation syndrome. It is shown that the normal trophoblast invasion to the spiral arteries wall in the myometrium and adequate remodeling of spiral arteries are essential for the normal fetal growth and development. The processes of blood vessels formation - vasculogenesis and angiogenesis - are described in detail. The process of angiogenesis regulation by growth factors and their receptors is reviewed. The importance of angiogenic and antiangiogenic factors coordinated action for the adequate placental microvasculature formation and normal fetal development is described. The growth factor complexes and their receptors formation processes and competition for receptor binding, as well as the role of placental growth factor in uteroplacental complex angiogenesis are analyzed. It is shown that the serum growth factors represent the mechanisms of pathologic reactions in placental insufficiency and fetal growth restriction syndrome. Special attention is given to the family of vascular endothelial growth factor as for the most important angiogenesis regulator. To determine the physiological role of vascular endothelial growth factor and to assess the its influence on angiogenesis and adequate uteroplacental and fetoplacental blood circulation formation, the features of vascular endothelial growth factor chemical structure are described. Determining the vascular endothelial growth factor in blood may be used to assess the mother-placenta-fetus system formation. The need for developing the criteria for choosing the optimal delivery term in pregnant with fetal growth restriction syndrome is discussed.

FETAL GROWTH RESTRICTION WITH EARLY AND LATE MANIFESTATION, PROGNOSTIC MARKERS

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
Yakubova D.I.
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Prenatal Screening ◽  
Prognostic Markers ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Late Manifestation ◽  
Late Form ◽  
Early Manifestation

Objective of the study: Comprehensive assessment of risk factors, the implementation of which leads to FGR with early and late manifestation. To evaluate the results of the first prenatal screening: PAPP-A, B-hCG, made at 11-13 weeks. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study included 110 pregnant women. There were 48 pregnant women with early manifestation of fetal growth restriction, 62 pregnant women with late manifestation among them. Results of the study: The risk factors for the formation of the FGR are established. Statistically significant differences in the indicators between groups were not established in the analyses of structures of extragenital pathology. According to I prenatal screening, there were no statistical differences in levels (PAPP-A, b-hCG) in the early and late form of FGR.

INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RETARDATION - A REVIEW ARTICLE

2018 ◽  
pp. 184-195
Author(s):  
Minh Son Pham ◽  
Vu Quoc Huy Nguyen ◽  
Dinh Vinh Tran
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
No Gold Standard

Small for gestational age (SGA) and fetal growth restriction (FGR) is difficult to define exactly. In this pregnancy condition, the fetus does not reach its biological growth potential as a consequence of impaired placental function, which may be because of a variety of factors. Fetuses with FGR are at risk for perinatal morbidity and mortality, and poor long-term health outcomes, such as impaired neurological and cognitive development, and cardiovascular and endocrine diseases in adulthood. At present no gold standard for the diagnosis of SGA/FGR exists. The first aim of this review is to: summarize areas of consensus and controversy between recently published national guidelines on small for gestational age or fetal growth restriction; highlight any recent evidence that should be incorporated into existing guidelines. Another aim to summary a number of interventions which are being developed or coming through to clinical trial in an attempt to improve fetal growth in placental insufficiency. Key words: fetal growth restriction (FGR), Small for gestational age (SGA)

The secrets of placental mosaicism: clinical observation of the full form of confined placental trisomy 22 and literature review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.V. Komarova, A.A. Nikiforenko, A.V. Fedunyak
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Clinical Observation ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Favorable Outcome ◽  
Full Form ◽  
Placental Mosaicism ◽  
In Pregnancy

Literature reports of placental mosaicism, including trisomy 22, were analyzed. The chance of correlation of placental aneuploidy with fetus aneuploidy, also the probability of complications in pregnancy and fetal growth restriction and postnatal patients growth in the cases of confined placental mosaicism, were demonstrated. The case of prenatal diagnosis of confined placental mosaicism of trisomy 22 with favorable outcome is presented. The necessity of cytogenic assay of amniocytes and fetal lymphocytes in the case of placental heteroploidy diagnosis was emphasized.

scholarly journals OC25.06: Maternal hemodynamics in hypertensive pregnancies with and without fetal growth restriction

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (S1) ◽  
pp. 66-66
Author(s):  
H. Perry ◽  
J. Binder ◽  
J. Gutiérrez ◽  
B. Thilaganathan ◽  
A. Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Growth Restriction

scholarly journals The role of sildenafil citrate in the treatment of fetal growth restriction: a randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1840
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abdelshafy ◽  
Khaled Ibrahim Abdullah ◽  
Sherif Ashoush ◽  
Heba E. Hosni
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Umbilical Artery ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Maternity Hospital ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Sildenafil Citrate ◽  
Doppler Velocity

Background: This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of sildenafil citrate on Doppler velocity indices in patients with fetal growth restriction (FGR) associated with impaired placental circulation.Methods: A double-blinded, parallel group randomized clinical trial (clinicaltrials.gov NCT02590536) was conducted in Ain Shams Maternity Hospital, in the period between October 2015 and June 2017. Ninety pregnant women with documented intrauterine growth retardation at 24-37 weeks of gestation were randomized to either sildenafil citrate 25 mg orally every 8 hours or placebo visually-identical placebo tablets with the same regimen. The primary outcome of the study was the change in umbilical artery and fetal middle cerebral artery indices.Results: There was a significant improvement in umbilical and middle cerebral artery indices after sildenafil administration p<0.001. Present study observed that, sildenafil group, in comparison to placebo, has a significantly higher mean neonatal birth weight. 1783±241g vs 1570±455g (p<0.001). There was a significantly higher mean gestational age at delivery in women in sildenafil group 35.3±1.67 weeks, whereas it was lower in the placebo group 33.5±1.7 weeks. The side effects as headache, palpitation and facial flushing were significantly higher in sildenafil group compared to placebo group.Conclusions: The use sildenafil citrate in pregnancies with fetal growth restriction (FGR) improved the feto-placental Doppler indices (pulsatility index of umbilical artery and middle cerebral artery) and improved neonatal outcomes.

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