Age related changes in ocular motor testing in healthy subjects

We investigated age-related changes in the distribution of body weight on soles of feet in 878 healthy subjects ranging from 5 to 80 years of age. By modifying Morton's Staticometer, we constructed an instrument for measuring body-weight distribution over three areas of soles of the feet, the big toe (inner forefoot), the other four toes combined (outer forefoot) and the heels for both feet, thus a total of six areas. The weights in the six areas were recorded at the completion of nine selected actions and postures. We observed that for inhaling and exhaling standing postures, generally younger subjects had a ratio close to 1:2:3 for weights recorded for the inner toe:outer toes:heels as observed by Morton, but elderly subjects had a smaller value than 3 for the heel. The body-weight distribution tended to shift from heels to outer toes across age groups, which was more distinctly observed in women than in men.

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Age-related changes in intraventricular kinetic energy: a physiological or pathological adaptation?

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.00075.2015 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 310 (6) ◽

pp. H747-H755 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

James Wong ◽

Radomir Chabiniok ◽

Adelaide deVecchi ◽

Nathalie Dedieu ◽

Eva Sammut ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Kinetic Energy ◽

Ejection Fraction ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Cardiac Cycle ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Reduced Ejection Fraction ◽

Lv Dysfunction ◽

Age Related ◽

Early Peak ◽

Age Related Changes

Aging has important deleterious effects on the cardiovascular system. We sought to compare intraventricular kinetic energy (KE) in healthy subjects of varying ages with subjects with ventricular dysfunction to understand if changes in energetic momentum may predispose individuals to heart failure. Four-dimensional flow MRI was acquired in 35 healthy subjects (age: 1–67 yr) and 10 patients with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction (age: 28–79 yr). Healthy subjects were divided into age quartiles (1st quartile: <16 yr, 2nd quartile: 17–32 yr, 3rd quartile: 33–48 yr, and 4th quartile: 49–64 yr). KE was measured in the LV throughout the cardiac cycle and indexed to ventricular volume. In healthy subjects, two large peaks corresponding to systole and early diastole occurred during the cardiac cycle. A third smaller peak was seen during late diastole in eight adults. Systolic KE ( P = 0.182) and ejection fraction ( P = 0.921) were preserved through all age groups. Older adults showed a lower early peak diastolic KE compared with children ( P < 0.0001) and young adults ( P = 0.025). Subjects with LV dysfunction had reduced ejection fraction ( P < 0.001) and compared with older healthy adults exhibited a similar early peak diastolic KE ( P = 0.142) but with the addition of an elevated KE in diastasis ( P = 0.029). In healthy individuals, peak diastolic KE progressively decreases with age, whereas systolic peaks remain constant. Peak diastolic KE in the oldest subjects is comparable to those with LV dysfunction. Unique age-related changes in ventricular diastolic energetics might be physiological or herald subclinical pathology.

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