scholarly journals The Quality of Informed Consent Obtaining Before Electroconvulsive Therapy: A Report From a Referral, Academic Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
Hossein Khoshrang ◽  
◽  
Morteza Rahbar Taramsari ◽  
Cyrus Emir Alavi3 ◽  
Robabeh Soleimani ◽  
...  

Background: In patients undergoing Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT), obtaining written Informed Consent (IC) must be the standard measure before the procedure. The patient must be informed about the risks and benefits of the treatment and alternatives. Objectives: We aimed to investigate the quality of IC obtaining before the ECT course in an academic hospital in the North of Iran. Materials & Methods: This study was conducted at an academic center in the north of Iran during 2018-2019. Firstly the patients’ mental capacity was assessed, and if it was not adequate for giving informed consent, a patient’s relative was interviewed. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS V. 22. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to evaluate the normality assumption. To compare the mean scores in subgroups, we applied t-test. Results: A total of 259 people enrolled in the survey and were interviewed. Schizophrenia was the main cause of receiving ECT. The Mean±SD score of receiving information was 8.22±3.68 (0-16), understandability of IC 3.03±1.76 (0-6), patients’ voluntary acceptance of the treatment 1.38±0.68 (0-4) and physician-patient relationship 6.11±2.16 (0-12). The total Mean±SD score was 18.05±3.16 (0-38). Conclusion: IC process was not optimal in our center; however, great trust in the physicians was noticeable. The physician-patient relationship had the highest score while the intentional obtaining of informed consent achieved the lowest.

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Shadi Sabetghadam ◽  

Introduction: Nowadays, about 50-65% of births in Iran occur by Cesarean Section (CS). Informed consent (IC) is one of the most important ethical, legal and professional requirements of a surgical procedure. Objectives: This study aims to assess the quality of obtaining surgical IC from women underwent CS in public hospitals of Iran. Materials and Methods: In this analytical study with cross-sectional design, 300 postpartum women who had CS referred to two public hospitals in Rasht, Iran were participated through stratified random sampling method in 2016. Data were collected using a two-part researcher-made questionnaire. Collected data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Spearman’s correlation test. Results: The mean age of participants was 29.84 ± 5.9 years. The majority of them (45.3%) had education lower than high school. The overall mean score for the quality of obtained IC was 62.23±23.38, out of 150 points. Regarding its dimensions, quality of acquiring IC form (20.21±7.12, out of 40 points), provision of CS-related information (15.67±11.10, out of 45 points), voluntariness (7.53±6.95, out of 25), and the physician–patient relationship (18.81±8.87, out of 40 points) were perceived poor. Women’s educational level had a significant correlation with the IC quality dimensions of voluntariness (P=0.0001) and physician–patient relationship (P=0.043). The number of deliveries (P=0.008), live births (P=0.031), and stillbirth (P=0.0001) had a significant correlation with acquiring the IC form. The voluntariness was significantly associated with the number of live births (P=0.023) and stillbirth (P=0.001). The physician-patient relationship dimension was significantly associated with the number of pregnancies (P=0.023) and abortions (P=0.0001). The overall quality of obtained IC was significantly correlated with the women’ age (r= 0.162, P= 0.005). Conclusion: Most of women in Iran are not informed enough about the CS and its consequences. Health care providers should pay more attention to the women’s characteristics when obtaining IC for the CS. We recommend essential changes in the process of obtaining surgical IC for the CS in public hospitals of Iran. Obtaining IC during pregnancy may reduce unnecessary CSs.


1987 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fran Carnerie

AbstractMany individuals develop a temporary state of cognitive and emotional impairment after being diagnosed with catastrophic illness. Thus, when crucial decisions about medical treatment are required, they are unable to assimilate information; or worse, the legal need to be informed can rival a psychological desire to not be informed. The Canadian informed consent doctrine is unresponsive to crisis and clinically impracticable, and so paradoxically compromises the integrity and autonomy it was designed to protect. Many aspects of the physician-patient relationship and clinical setting also undermine the philosophical values enshrined in this doctrine. This further jeopardizes the individual's integrity. The Article explores proposals for change such as delaying the informing and consenting, improving the concept of consent, and improving the role of the physician.


1994 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryuji Ishiwata ◽  
Akio Sakai

In April 1991, a general meeting of the Japanese Medical Conference (called ev 4 years) was held in Kyoto and attracted 32,500 participants, the largest number ever. The theme of the meeting was “Medicine and Health Care in Transition,” and the program Included panel discussions on “How to Promote the Quality of Health Care” and “How Terminal Care Should Be Provided” and symposia on “Diagnosis of Brain Death and Its Problems,” “The Propriety of Organ Transplantation,” and “Brain Death and Organ Transplantation.” These titles reveal not only how medical professionals in Japan perceive the present situatior healthcare but also the Issues that most concern them.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gelareh Biazar ◽  
Hossein Khoshrang ◽  
Cyrus Emir Alavi ◽  
Robabeh Soleimani ◽  
Zahra Atrkarroushan ◽  
...  

Blood ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 110 (11) ◽  
pp. 2060-2060
Author(s):  
Tait D. Shanafelt ◽  
Deborah Bowen ◽  
Chaya Venkat ◽  
Susan L. Slager ◽  
Clive S. Zent ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) can have a profound effect on the quality of life (QOL) of patients living with the illness. To our knowledge, no studies to date have evaluated the influence of the doctor-patient relationship on patient’s emotional distress or QOL. Methods: We conducted an international, web-based survey of patients with CLL using standardized instruments to evaluate QOL. Additional questions on the survey explored how often patients thought about their disease and evaluated their satisfaction with specific aspects of their relationship with the physician caring for them. Patients were also asked to indicate what phrases their physicians had used to describe/characterize CLL. Results: Between June and October 2006, 1482 patients responded to the survey. The diagnosis of CLL was validated in a randomly selected subset of patients. Over half (55.9%; n=822) of patients reported they thought about their CLL diagnosis daily. Although the proportion of patients who thought about CLL daily decreased with time, two or more years after diagnosis over 50% of patients still thought about their disease every day. When asked to indicate their satisfaction with various aspects of the physician caring for their CLL, more than 90% (n=1340) of patients felt their doctor had a good understanding of how their disease was progressing (i.e., the stage, blood counts, lymph nodes) but only 69% (n=1024) felt their physician had a good understanding of how CLL affected their QOL (anxiety, worry, fatigue, etc.). Similarly, while 90% (n=1324) of patients felt comfortable talking to their doctor about treatment and management of CLL, only 77% (n=1134) felt comfortable talking to their doctor about how CLL affected QOL. Reported satisfaction with their physician in these areas strongly related to patients’ measured emotional and overall QOL on standardized instruments (all p<0.001). This effect on QOL remained (p<0.002) after adjustment for age, extent of co-morbid health conditions, measured fatigue, and treatment status in a regression analysis. Finally, patients were asked to indicate whether the physician caring for them had used specific phrases to describe CLL. Thirty-three percent of patients had been told “CLL is the ‘good’ leukemia,” 24% had been told “don’t worry about your CLL,” and 35% had been told “if you could pick what cancer to have, this is what you would choose.” Overall, 52% of patients had received one or more of these characterizations of CLL by their physician. The emotional and overall QOL were worse among patients who reported their physician had used these phrases to describe CLL (all p≤0.001). This effect on QOL remained after regression analysis (p<0.002). Patients whose physician had used one of these phrases to describe CLL were also less likely to feel their physician understood how CLL was effecting their QOL and to feel comfortable discussing the effects of CLL on their QOL with their physician (all p<0.001). Conclusions: Physicians play an important role helping patients adjust to the physical, intellectual, and emotional challenges of CLL. The effectiveness with which physicians accomplish these tasks appears to impact the QOL of patients with CLL. Additional studies exploring how physicians can best support patients with CLL are needed.


Author(s):  
Jianguang WANG

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.扁鵲是中國先秦時期著名的醫生,同時也是中國傳統醫學和醫學倫理的奠基者和實踐者之一。他在與蔡桓公的幾次會面中作出的對話,有著豐富的道德內涵,展示了傳統醫患之間的一種具有特色的醫學倫理。中國傳統的醫學倫理和職業精神並不把醫生僅僅看成是一個純粹的技術性職業,而是賦與其中豐富的人生道德內涵和家國天下的思想,所以在西方醫患關係中被認為是十分重要的知情同意問題,在中國傳統的醫患關係中雖然也存在,但並沒有成為中國傳統醫患關係的主體。與之相反,中國傳統的醫患關係因為是建立在“上醫醫國”的文化土壤中的,醫患之間的關係也是在綱常倫理的維度中加以調適的,所以這種關係不僅僅是今天意義上的權利和義務、知情和同意等法律屬性的關係。Bian Que is the earliest known Chinese physician of the Pre-Qin era (ca. 700 B.C.E), whose name is often associated with physicians of the highest medical caliber. One legend tells of how when Bian Que was in the feudal state of Cai, he visited the Lord Huan and told him that he had a serious disease. The Lord Huan thought Bian Que was trying to profit from the fears of his patients and declined the offer for treatment. Eventually, Lord Huan’s condition got worse. The last time Bian Que went to see Lord Huan, he knew that the lord would soon die and escaped from the state. This essay considers the ethical implications of the legend, such as the moral duty of the physician and the nature of the physician-patient relationship. Did Bian Que violate informed consent when he failed to tell the lord he would die of the disease if not treated immediately? The author concludes that the role of physician in ancient China was quite different from what one sees today. Thus, modern ideas and concepts such as informed consent and the language of rights cannot be applied to the case of Bian Que.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 182 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.


2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Gensabella Furnari

L’impostazione classica della questione bioetica dell’eutanasia attraverso il paradigma dei principi conduce a risolvere la questione con un sì, se si privilegia il principio di autonomia, o con un no se si dà il primato al principio dell’indisponibilità della vita. Il saggio muove dalla proposta che sia possibile un altro approccio, basato sull’interazione, suggerita come linea metodica da Warren T. Reich, del paradigma dei principi con gli altri paradigmi della bioetica: l’esperienza, la cura, la virtù. Il primo momento è ripensare l’eutanasia come l’oggetto di una domanda che viene dalla sofferenza e che, come tale, va accolta ed interpretata in un contesto di relazione. A differenza del suicidio, non vi è qui un darsi la morte, ma un domandare la morte all’altro. L’attenzione etica va spostata dal far centro esclusivamente sull’autonomia al focalizzarsi anche e soprattutto sulla relazione, in particolare sulla complessità e le contraddizioni che segnano oggi la relazione tra il paziente e il medico. Anche se chiede una “cura” limite, paradossale che non può essere data, pena la contraddizione e il ribaltamento degli stessi fini della medicina, la domanda di eutanasia non può restare inevasa, ma deve essere accolta, ri-aperta con l’attenzione che il paradigma di cura impone, con l’humanitas che il paradigma di virtù ci consegna. L’attenzione etica all’esperienza di chi domanda la morte diviene il primo momento per trovare una conciliazione tra momenti apparentemente antitetici, come la sacralità e la qualità della vita, per cogliere la complementarità tra diritti apparentemente antitetici come il diritto ad essere lasciati soli e il diritto a non essere lasciati soli, per sostenere insieme la liberazione dal dolore fisico e la liberazione del dolore dell’anima. Spostando il punto di vista dalla libertà alla relazione, il saggio vuole indicare l’impossibilità etica di dire di sì all’eutanasia proprio sul versante della relazione, ponendo al tempo stesso l’accento non solo sulla responsabilità che il dire di sì comporta, ma anche sulle altre responsabilità di cui la domanda di eutanasia ci fa carico: le responsabilità che riguardano la situazione da cui trae origine, e le altre che riguardano ciò che rimane da fare per rispondere alla richiesta di aiuto e di cura che la domanda sottende. Con il movimento proprio dell’etica della cura, il saggio vuole proporre di non risolvere il dilemma in cui la questione bioetica dell’eutanasia sembra costringerci, rinunciando alla vita o alla libertà, ma di provare a ridefinire il contesto da cui il dilemma ha origine, in modo tale che sia possibile tenere insieme vita e libertà. ---------- Classical approach to the problem of the euthanasia, through the paradigm of the principles conducts to solve the matter with a yes, if the principle of autonomy is privileged, or with a no if the primacy is given to the principle of the unavailability of the life. This paper moves from the proposal that another approach is possible, based on the interaction, suggested as methodic line by Warren T. Reich, of the paradigm of the principles with the other paradigms of the bioethics: the experience, the care, the virtue. The first moment is to consider the euthanasia as the object of a question that comes from the suffering and that, as such, it must be welcomed and interpreted in a context of relationship. Unlike the suicide there is not here a killing oneself, but an asking other for death. The ethical attention must be moved from the exclusive center of autonomy to the relationship, particularly on the complexity and the contradictions that mark the physician-patient relationship between today. Even if it asks a limit “care”, paradoxical that cannot be given, or the aims of the medicine itself would be contradicted and overturned, the question of euthanasia cannot stay outstanding, but must be welcomed, opened again with the attention that the paradigm of care imposes, with the humanitas that the paradigm of virtue delivers us. The ethical attention to the experience of whom asks the death it becomes the first moment to find a conciliation among apparently antithetical moments, as the sacredness and the quality of the life, to gather the complementarity among apparently antithetical rights as the right to be left alone and the right not to be left alone, to sustain together the liberation from the physical pain and the liberation from the pain of the soul. Moving the point of view from freedom to relationship the paper wants to point out the ethical impossibility to say yes to the euthanasia just on the side of the relationship, at the same time setting the accent not only on the responsibility that saying yes means, but also on the other responsibilities of which the question of euthanasia ask us: the responsibilities derived by the situation and the others concerning what to answer to the help request and care that the question subtends. In the way proper of the ethics of the care, the paper proposes not to solve the dilemma of the euthanasia abdicating to the life or to the liberty, but trying to redefine the context from which the dilemma has origin, in such way that it is possible to hold together life and liberty.


2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-98
Author(s):  
Vojislav Ivetić ◽  
Klemen Pašić ◽  
Polona Selič

Abstract Introduction Medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) are very common in family medicine, despite being a poorly-defined clinical entity. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of an educational intervention (EI) on self-rated quality of life, treatment satisfaction, and the family physician-patient relationship in patients with MUS. Methods In a multi-centre longitudinal intervention study, which was performed between 2012 and 2014, patients were asked to rate their quality of life, assess their depression, anxiety, stress and somatisation, complete the Hypochondriasis Index, the Medical Interview Satisfaction Scale and the Patient Enablement Instrument for assessing the physician-patient relationship, before and after the EI. Results The mean values before and after the intervention showed that after the EI, patients with MUS gave a lower (total) mean rating of their health issues and a higher rating of their quality of life, and they also had a more positive opinion of their relationship with the physician (p<0.05). However, there were no differences in the (total) rating of treatment satisfaction before and after the EI (p=0.423). Significant differences in the symptoms in patients with MUS before and after the intervention were confirmed for stress, somatisation and hypochondriasis (p<0.05). Conclusions It could be beneficial to equip family physicians with the knowledge, skills and tools to reduce hypochondriasis and somatisation in MUS patients, which would improve patients’ self-rated health status.


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