EFFICIENCY OF FERTILIZERS IN THE DRY-STEPPE ZONE OF CHESTNUT SOILS OF THE VOLGOGRAD REGION

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Chestnut Soils ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Dry Steppe

Population density and total biomass of microbial communities in chestnut soils and solonetzes of the dry steppe zone in the Lower Volga region

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. N. Kashirskaya ◽  
T. E. Khomutova ◽  
E. V. Chernysheva ◽  
M. V. El’tsov ◽  
V. A. Demkin
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Chestnut Soils ◽  
Lower Volga ◽  
Dry Steppe

scholarly journals The influence of solar activity on the formation of plant phytomass in dry steppe conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 285 ◽  
pp. 06001
Author(s):  
Karine Trubakova ◽  
Svetlana Turko ◽  
Marina Vlasenko
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Luminous Flux ◽  
Radiation Balance ◽  
Aboveground Phytomass ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Dry Steppe ◽  
Volga Upland ◽  
Mathematical Processing

The main mechanism for the formation of yield is the process of transpiration, the driving force of which is the radiation balance and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). The larger the area of the plant surface that receives the luminous flux of solar energy, the more active the action of the photosynthetic process. The formation of organic matter depends on the formed aboveground phytomass of plants. The aim of the study is to find the optimal ratio between the emitted flux of solar energy and the area of the assimilation apparatus for further determining the phytoproductivity of plants. The object is located in the steppe zone of the central part of the Volgograd region (southern part of the Volga Upland, 48°38′52″ N, 44°26′14″ E). Modern methods of mathematical processing of experimental data were applied. The duration of the growing season of plants and the amount of light exposure affect the optical density coefficient (Kod). As a result, the coefficient (KPAR ) should be close to 1 unit for use 2.5% sunlight radiation (PAR).

scholarly journals Tomato fertigation in an open ground

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-361
Author(s):  
Omariy Georgievich Chamurliev ◽  
Alexander Nikolaevich Sidorov ◽  
Anatoly Aleksandrovich Kholod ◽  
Georgy Omarievich Chamurliev ◽  
Natalia Vladimirovna Bogomolova
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Chestnut Soils ◽  
Volgograd Region

Obtaining high and stable yields of tomato with good consumer qualities in the open field has now become problematic due to the fact that hybrids and varieties of tomato of an intensive type place high demands on the presence of moisture and nutrients in the root-soil layer. The required level of soil moisture in combination with the introduction of calculated doses of mineral fertilizers during the growing season provides for obtaining the planned yields of vegetables, including tomato. The most important resource for the further development of agriculture in the Russian Federation is irrigated land. Volgograd region is one of the largest irrigated agricultural regions in Russia. Growing of almost all vegetables in the region is conducted on irrigated lands. The use of only one irrigation without the use of fertilizers will not have a positive impact on the growth, development and productivity of plants. Fertigation is the most effective and economical way of delivering nutrients to the plant root system and allows to get a higher yields than other methods of fertilizer application. In fertigation systems, the control of optimal concentrations of fertilizers is easily achieved, their ratio and these parameters can be controlled automatically. The purpose of this work was to study the comparative efficiency of ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate and a combination of calcium nitrate and ammonium chloride for tomato fertigation in combination with non-root dressings of complex water-soluble fertilizers containing macroand microelements in open feild on irrigated lighchestnut soil of dry steppe zone of chestnut soils in the Volgograd region. As a result, analysis of the use of mineral fertilizers for tomato fertigation in light chestnut soils of the Volgograd region was carried out. The positive effect of foliar dressing with microelements in the proposed dosages has been proven.

scholarly journals NORMS OF CHANGE OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS OF STEPPE, ARID AND SEMI-DESERT ZONES OF EUROPEAN RUSSIAN TERRITORIES

2011 ◽  
pp. 3-19
Author(s):  
I. Kuznetsova ◽  
N. Azovtseva ◽  
A. Bondarev
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Critical Values ◽  
Equilibrium Density ◽  
Desert Steppe ◽  
Arable Soils ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Chestnut Soils ◽  
Dry Steppe

Norms of change of physical properties of arable land have been developed chernozems of steppe, chestnut soils of dry-steppe and light-chestnut soils of desert steppe zones of the European territory of Russia depending on the nature of anthropogenic impact. The limits of optimum, admissible and critical values of physical properties of these soils for growth and development of plants are established. For each zone, expert estimates of the distribution of soil areas with optimal, acceptable and critical values of the basic physical properties of soils are given. The greatest differences are observed in the density and structural composition of soils of different soil-climatic zones. In the steppe zone, soils with optimal values of arable layer density prevail among ordinary chernozems (1.0 - 1.2 g/cm3); among pre-Caucasian and southern chernozems - with values of 1.25-1.35 g/cm3. Among the chestnut soils of the dry-steppe zone the most common are the differences in the permissible values equilibrium density (1.30-1.40 g/cm3); in the desert steppe zone light chestnut soils with permissible (1.35- 1.45 g/cm3) and critical values (>1.45 g/cm3) of the equilibrium density. In the arable layer of soils of each separate zone agrophysical properties are significantly reduced by agrotechnical measures and close requirements of crops cultivated in the zone. Norms of change of physical properties can serve as a guide for assessing the current physical condition of arable soils and a basic basis for the development of regional fertility conservation and reproduction systems of the soil.

INFLUENCE OF THE SEEDING RATE ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF SUDAN GRASS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE DRY-STEPPE ZONE OF THE LOWER VOLGA REGION

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
V A.I. BELENKOV ◽  
◽  
YU.A. LAPTINA
Keyword(s):  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Sudan Grass ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Dry Steppe ◽  
High Feed ◽  
Total Productivity ◽  
Livestock Productivity ◽  
Germinating Seeds

To increase the livestock productivity, it is important to increase feed production, while expanding the areas under drought-resistant multi-grained crops that have high feed values and productivity, as well as the ability to grow quickly after mowing. One crop oа this kind is Sudan grass. But, despite all its advantages, its yield in the conditions of the Volgograd region remains at a low level, so it is necessary to improve the technology of its cultivation. The paper reflects the results of the five-year research on the ways to increase the yield of green mass of Sudan grass by determining the optimal seeding rate. The experiments were carried out on chestnut soils in the conditions of JSC “Agrofirma “Vostok” of the Nikolaevsk district of the Volgograd region. Three seeding rates were studied: 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mln germinable seeds per hectare. The object of research was the Yulia variety. The highest percentage of field germination in all years of research was observed in the variant with a seeding rate of 1.0 million/ha – 85.3%. At the same time, the reverse dynamics was observed in the contamination of the Sudan grass crops, and when the crops were thickened, a decrease in the number and weight of weeds was observed. The largest part of the Sudan grass crop is formed in the first mowing and ranges from 60.3% at a seeding rate of 1.0 million tons of germinable seeds/ha to 63.3% at the 1.5 mln tons of germinable seeds/ha of total productivity. The study of the influence of different seeding rates on the productivity of Sudan grass showed the advantage of a seeding rate of 1.5 mln tons of germinable seeds/ha. This option ensured an increase compared to a seeding rate of 2.0 mln germinating seeds/ha in total for three mowing of 4.3 t/ha at a seeding rate of 1.0 million. An increase in the seeding rate to 2.0 million germinable seeds/ha reduced the yield by 2.2 t/ha as compared with a normative rate of 1.5 mln germinable seeds/ha.

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