Methodology for comparing the energy efficiency of methods for regulating the performance of a blower station

A methodology for comparing the energy efficiency of different methods of regulating the total productivity of a blower station is presented. The basic principles of electrical modeling of duct networks are shown for the mathematical description of their properties and characteristics. The results of a comparison of the energy efficiency of regulating methods for a single fan and a group of five fans operating on a common line are presented. The conclusion about the high energy efficiency of the combination of start-stop control with smooth control using axial guide vanes for a blowing station of five fans is obtained.

PERFORMANCE OF CZECH FOOTBALL CLUBS: MALMQUIST INDEX APPROACH

Sport has become an important part of our lives in the modern times and sporting sites contribute significantly to the image and texture of modern cities. Regarding the popularity of sport, and football in particular, it has become an important modern place where specific types of economic and social interaction take place. The aim of this article is to propose a method for evaluating the performance of football clubs based on DEA and Malmquist index. Professional Czech football clubs playing in the Czech football competition Fortuna:Liga were selected for empirical analysis. To analyze the relative efficiency of football clubs, BCC and CCR models were employed. The study was conducted on a sample of 20 clubs through 2 inputs and 1 output collected during the 2015/16 – 2019/20 seasons. For some clubs the values of the Malmquist index were calculated. With help of MI it was possible to quantify the total productivity change factor and to decompose it to technological change and technical efficiency change. The results show that Czech football clubs achieved a relatively high level of efficiency in the period monitored and that traditional clubs achieved the highest efficiency score. These results could help club managers improve the performance of their teams.

Pengaruh variasi campuran bahan bakar pertamax dan bioetanol 99,9% terhadap torsi mesin bensin 4 langkah Tecquipment TD201

Bioethanol is ethanol made from plants such as cassava, sugarcane, sago, which are processed through hydrolysis, fermentation, distillation and dehydration processes. Lampung Province is one of the largest producers of cassava in Indonesia, with the total productivity of 5,451,312 tons in 2017, and 6,683,758 tons in 2018 or there was an increase of 22,61% compared to 2017. From this data, it is possible to produce bioethanol, where every 1 kg of cassava can produce 0,106 liters of bioethanol. This is what underlies this research to investigate the effect of blending bioethanol of 99% with pertamax and bioethanol on the engine torque. Blending bioethanol of 99% can homogeusly mix. The engine used in this study is a Kohler gasoline engine equipped with a VDAS (Versatile Data Accession System) instrument unit in determining the parameters of engine performance. The blending of bioethanol of 99% as big as 14% (E14) gave the highest value of torque at 1 rotation of dynamometer valve opening and engine speed of 2000 rpm.

Productivity Analysis Using Method Murvin E. Mundel Case Study PT. Johan Sentosa

Productivity is an alternative to evaluating the performance that has been done even one of the most effective ways in assessing the efficiency of using several inputs in producing certain outputs. the study was conducted at PT Johan Sentosa. The company is engaged in processing palm oil into CPO (crude palm oil) and kernels. In this case, the company must replace an important process called the sterilizer system from the horizontal sterilizer to the vertical sterilizer. This change will certainly have an impact on company productivity. In this study, the method used is Marvin E Mundel where partial productivity will be identified in the form of depreciation value index, material, labor, energy, and maintenance, and know the total production value index. The results of this study obtained a partial productivity index on the declining workforce, other partial productivity such as depreciation, material, labor, energy, and maintenance have increased while the index value of total productivity increased after a change in the sterilizer system.

Effect of Different Temperatures on the Life Table Parameters of Rhyzobius Lophanthae Blaisdell (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

The purple scale predator, Rhyzobius lophanthae Blaisdell (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is known as coccidophagous ladybird predator, and effective against scales’ insects. The present study aimed to evaluate the optimum temperature for the species to be more efficient. In this study, the life table parameters of R. lophanthae were determined on different temperatures at 4, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30 and 32 °C and 60% RH, by calculations using RmStat-3 software according to Euler-Lotka equation. The results showed that the intrinsic rates of increase (rm) were 0.016, 0.022, 0.030, 0.052, 0.056, 0.068, 0.120, 0.142, 0.132, 0.021 females/females/day, respectively, while the net reproductive rates (R0) were 7.082, 9.514, 11.960, 50.906, 54.150, 49.525, 56.883, 80.944, 31.149, 1.882 females/females/generation, respectively. The mean generation times (T0) were 125.966, 104.602, 84.009, 75.742, 71.511, 57.568, 33.801, 30.866, 25.978, 30.759 days, respectively. Total productivity rates (GRR) were 34.865, 39.210, 48.216, 201.990, 209.469, 166.207, 177.779, 303.751, 105.751, 12.622 egg/female, respectively. The study concluded that 26-30 °C was the optimum temperature range for the efficient role of R. lophanthae under laboratory conditions. From the results, it is still needed to do more studies on the interactions of pests, predators with environmental conditions.

Zooplankton Diversity Indices for the Assessment of Perennial Freshwater Body in Bishnupur, Bankura, West Bengal

The status of health of any aquatic ecosystem is largely dependent on the diversity and density of zooplankton inhabiting the water body. Zooplankton are considered to be the most vital primary consumer in any aquatic ecosystem. At the same time, they also influence to a greater extent in determining the total productivity of an aquatic body. The present study is an attempt to estimate the diversity of zooplankton and to find out the richness, evenness, of the freshwater perennial aquatic body, Lalbundh of Bishnupur, Bankura.The study was carried out during December 2018 to November 2019. The whole period of study was divided into four major seasons viz winter (December2018 to February2018), Summer (March2019to May 2019), Monsoon (June 2019 to August 2019) and post monsoon (September 2019 to November 2019). Collection of the zooplankton samples and their quantitative analysis was done following the standard procedures. During the whole period of study 18 different species of zooplankton have been identified from the study area. Out of them 7 species belong to the Rotifera group, 6 species belong to Cladocera group, 3 species of Copepoda group and 2 species of Ostracoda group. Rotifera group comprise the dominant of all the groups constituting 39% of the total zooplankton species, followed by Cladocera (33%), Copepoda(18%) and Ostracoda (11%). The range of Shannon diversity index value of zooplankton varies from 2.76 to 2.88. The species richness value varies from 2.45 (winter) to 2.56 (monsoon). Evenness value varies from 0.95 in summer to0.98in monsoon. Zooplankton diversity indices values of Lalbundh give a clear indication of light condition of pollution level of the water body. The main reason behind the pollution of this perennial water body may be the floating dead and decomposed macrophytes in it. They should be removed as far as possible at regular intervals so that the pollution level can be reduced and the water body can be more efficiently used for pisciculture practices.

ممارسات متنوعة في قياس عامل الإنتاجية الكلية للعراق: دراسة تحليلية للمدة (1970-2017)

The index of the total productivity factor is one of the most important measures expressing the efficiency of resource use, and an important indicator of technological development among the countries of the world. His great contribution to economic growth reveals his ability to lead economic growth. The strong negative changes taking place in the total factor productivity of the country confirm a series of successive events such as the decline in economic growth (negative growth), for example the decline in total productivity during the Great Depression of 1929, and the slowdown in total productivity in the United States of America in the seventies. On the other hand, achieving distinct real economic growth means improved efficiency and performance and a clear rise in the efficiency of resource utilization accompanied by a distinctive technological development for the country concerned, as has happened in China for the past two decades. It was revealed to us by measuring the growth in the total productivity factor of Iraq in the long term, and after using five diverse productivity functions through which (calculating economic growth) was applied, and using three methods (formulas) for each of the five functions and they are; (Solo remainder, regression, and Ferguson's dummy variable method for instability), we have fifteen time series of TFP growth. It has become clear that the calculation of the total productivity factor suffers from a (technological illusion), and there is no technological development in Iraq for the period (1979-2003), at the very least, as "it became clear to us that there is a clear weakness in the contribution of the factor of total productivity to economic growth," and it became clear that the efficiency of resource utilization did not rise to the level of ambition, and the reason is mainly due to political instability, accompanied by the misuse and distribution of resources, which contributed to the deterioration of the economic and social conditions of Iraq specifically during the period (1980-2017). It was also found that the dummy variable of political instability has taken many forms and continuously influencing, was reflected in the fluctuation of growth values in the factor of total productivity calculated by methods and formulas, totaling fifteen practices of the total production function. The successive political events with their diversity were a concomitant characteristic and negatively affecting the Iraqi economic growth during the mentioned period.

The low-volume technology of Fitopyramida type and the potential of tomato hybrids of various commodity groups

Качество урожая томатов обусловливается физиологическими и биохимическими характеристиками плодов, которые зависят от условий, обеспечивающих рост и развитие растений. Для создания этих условий производителям необходимо искать современные экологически дружественные и эффективные способы производства. Гидропонная система «Фитопирамида» обеспечивает рациональное использование пространства с наибольшим количеством растений на единицу площади за счет многоярусных установок. Технология «Фитопирамида» – альтернативное решение для получения экологически безопасных органических продуктов при одновременном снижении потребления воды, удобрений и пестицидов. Исследования проводили в 2020–2021 годах во ВНИИО – филиале ФГБНУ ФНЦО (д. Верея Московской области). Растения выращивали в поликарбонатной теплице ООО «Фитопирамида», площадь выращивания – 326,4 м2, общая площадь – 460 м2. В испытании участвовали 11 гибридов томатов с разным уровнем скороспелости и различных товарных групп. Растения томата формировали в один стебель, еженедельно проводили подкручивание, удаление пасынков, при формировании первой кисти регулярно удаляли нижние листья. Формировали на 3–4 кисти. Для лучшего завязывания плодов в теплице использовали шмелей. Опыт проводили в четырехкратной повторности, общее количество опытных единиц достигло 44. Определяли всхожесть (%) на 10 сутки от посева, общую продуктивность (г/куст), среднюю массу одного плода (г). Среди индетерминантных крупноплодных гибридов F1 Румяный шар был лучшим вариантом, подходящим для технологии «Фитопирамида» (его продуктивность достигала 1936,27 г/куст, а масса плода – 140,10 г). Из группы детерминантных раннеспелых гибридов выделился F1 Капитан, продуктивность которого достигала 1751,58 г/ куст, а масса плода – 86,84 г. Гибрид F1 Афродита был с точки зрения производства наименее пригоден для гидропоники. Гидропонное производство дает возможность повысить качество и продуктивность сельхозкультур, а также решать экологические проблемы, что позволит повысить конкурентоспособность такого типа производства, обеспечит экономию ресурсов и увеличит его доходность. The quality of the tomato harvest is determined by the physiological and biochemical characteristics of the fruit, which depend on the conditions that ensure the growth and development of plants. To ensure these conditions, manufacturers need to look for modern environmentally friendly and efficient production methods. The Fitopyramida hydroponic system ensures the rational use of the space with the largest number of plants per unit area due to multi-tiered installations. Fitopyramida technology is an alternative solution for obtaining environmentally friendly organic products, while reducing the consumption of water, fertilizers and pesticides. The research was carried out in 2020–2021 at the All-Russian Research Institute of Vegetable Growing – branch of Federal Scientific Centre of Vegetable Growing (Vereya village, Moscow region). The plants were grown in a polycarbonate greenhouse of Fitopyramida LLC, the cultivation area is 326.4 m2, the total area is 460 m2. The test involved 11 tomato hybrids with different levels of precocity and different product groups. Tomato plants were formed into one stem, twisting and removal of stepsons were carried out weekly, and the lower leaves were regularly removed during the formation of the first brush. They were formed into 3–4 brushes. Bumblebees were used for better fruit tying in the greenhouse. The experiment was carried out four times, the total number of experimental units reached 44. Germination (%) on the 10th day from sowing, total productivity, g/bush, average weight of one fruit (g) were determined. Among the indeterminate large-fruited F1 hybrids, the Rumyanyi shar was the best hybrid suitable for the Fitopyramida technology (its productivity reached 1936.27 g/plant, and the fruit weight was 140.10 g). F1Kapitan stood out from the group of determinant early-maturing hybrids, whose productivity reached 1751.58 g/plant, and the fruit weight was 86.84 g. The F1Afrodita hybrid was the least suitable for hydroponics from the point of view of production. Hydroponic production makes it possible to improve the quality and productivity of agricultural crops, as well as solve environmental problems, which will increase the competitiveness of this type of production, ensure resource savings and increase its profitability.

Indirect costs associated with skin infectious disease in children: a systematic review

Background There are limited data in the literature on the indirect costs associated with skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) in the pediatric population. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review of the indirect costs associated with SSTIs in children. Methods The search was conducted in PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science up to January 2020. Thirteen search strategies were designed combining MeSH terms and free terms. SSTIs were defined as bacterial or viral infections, dermatomycoses, and parasitic infestations. Only primary studies were included. All analyzed costs were converted to 2020 Euros. Results Thirteen of the identified publications presented indirect costs of SSTIs in children and were conducted in Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Hungary, New Zealand, Poland, Spain, Taiwan, and the USA. Nine studies described indirect costs associated with infection of Varicella-zoster virus: lost workdays by outpatient caregivers ranged from 0.27 to 7.8, and up to 6.14 if caring for inpatients; total productivity losses ranged from €1.16 to €257.46 per patient. Three studies reported indirect costs associated with acute bacterial SSTIs (community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) in children: total productivity losses ranged from €1,814.39 to €8,224.06 per patient, based on impetigo, cellulitis, and folliculitis. One study of parasitic infestations (Pediculus humanus capitis) reported total indirect costs per patient of €68.57 (formal care) plus €21.41 due to time lost by parents in purchasing treatment. Conclusions The economic burden of SSTIs is highly relevant but underestimated due to the lack of studies reporting indirect costs. Further cost studies will allow a better understanding of the magnitude of the financial burden of the disease.

Total Productive Maintenance and its Effecting on the Application of Lean Production System

Increasing the amount of production, the diversity of products, a commodity and / or service, and increasing the productivity factor ratios contribute to developing the competitive strength of the organization in light of the increasingly difficult market conditions. That made all organizations work according to competitive strategies, including the production strategy for the purpose of achieving the organizations goal through the set of goals that they put. They rely on several new management systems of a strategic nature aimed at their survival and continuity in the production market. Hence, this research aims to evaluate the total productivity maintenance capacity in lean production throughout reducing the various kinds of losses, as the lean production is based on reducing each defective product (a commodity and / or service), costs, errors, and area, and all that and others aimed at improving product quality and customer satisfaction. However, the overall goals and production programs often encounter unexpected breakdowns at unexpected times, which lead to a breakdown in production and an imbalance in production plans as a result. Consequently, the companies suffer the expected revenue loss because they fail to reach the targeted production amount. The research has adopted a questionnaire that has been distributed to (50) employees of the General Company for Electric Power Production, the central region in Baghdad, which constituted more than 10% of the company’s employees. The results show that there is a strong direct relationship between the independent variable (total productivity maintenance) and the dependent variable (lean production). This distinction has explained 90% of the variables in the dependent variable.