scholarly journals Long-term performance modelling of Etobicoke exfiltration system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyue Liu
Keyword(s):  
Stormwater Management ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Hydrologic Cycle ◽  
Performance Modelling ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Epa ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
The Impact

Urbanization increases the stress on the hydrologic cycle. The Etobicoke exfiltration system (EES) was developed in 1993 to remediate the impact on the hydrologic cycle after urbanization. The purpose of this research is to model the Etobicoke exfiltration system (EES) and evaluate the stormwater management performance of EES. A comprehensive literature review was conducted on development of stormwater management and Low impact development (LID). The US EPA SWMM was selected to model the EES. Three modelling methods were investigated to simulate the performance of EES. The Orifice-Storage-Pump method was found to perform the best. EES was applied before an existing wet pond in a case study subdivision. The modelling results show that EES meets three criteria: reduce water quantity, impact water balance and improve water quality.

scholarly journals Long-term performance modelling of Etobicoke exfiltration system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyue Liu
Keyword(s):  
Stormwater Management ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Hydrologic Cycle ◽  
Performance Modelling ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Epa ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
The Impact

Urbanization increases the stress on the hydrologic cycle. The Etobicoke exfiltration system (EES) was developed in 1993 to remediate the impact on the hydrologic cycle after urbanization. The purpose of this research is to model the Etobicoke exfiltration system (EES) and evaluate the stormwater management performance of EES. A comprehensive literature review was conducted on development of stormwater management and Low impact development (LID). The US EPA SWMM was selected to model the EES. Three modelling methods were investigated to simulate the performance of EES. The Orifice-Storage-Pump method was found to perform the best. EES was applied before an existing wet pond in a case study subdivision. The modelling results show that EES meets three criteria: reduce water quantity, impact water balance and improve water quality.

scholarly journals Does Corporate Charitable Giving Help Sustain Corporate Performance in China?

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keling Wang ◽  
Yaqiong Miao ◽  
Ching-Hui Su ◽  
Ming-Hsiang Chen ◽  
Zhongjun Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Charitable Giving ◽  
Corporate Performance ◽  
Sales Growth ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Return On Equity ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Total Sales

We examined whether corporate charitable giving (CCG) in China benefits corporate performance (CP) in terms of sales growth (SG), return on asset (ROA), return on equity (ROE), and Tobin’s Q (TQ), and revealed several findings. First, testing shows variation in the impact of CCG on CP. Whereas the ratio of corporate charitable giving (RCCG) to total sales revenue does not significantly enhance SG, ROA, and ROE, it is positively related to TQ. Second, the positive relationship between RCCG and TQ originates from non-state-owned firms (NSOFs) rather than state-owned firms (SOFs). Third, Chinese firms may use CCG as traditional philanthropy to enhance long-term performance instead of strategically using it to generate short-term performance. Lastly, an inverted U-shaped relationship exists between RCCG and TQ, especially for NSOFs.

The Use of Laboratory-Measured and Strain-Gauge Backcalculated Asphalt Stiffness for Rutting Performance Prediction

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-333
Author(s):  
Erdem Coleri ◽  
John T. Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Performance Prediction ◽  
Strain Gauge ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Concrete Materials ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
The Impact

Laboratory tests are conducted with asphalt concrete materials to determine the expected in-situ performance. In addition, laboratory test results are commonly used in mechanistic-empirical design methods for material characterization to improve the predictive accuracy of the models. However, the effectiveness of laboratory tests in characterizing the long-term performance of asphalt concrete materials needs to be validated to be able to use the results for pavement design and long-term performance prediction. Inaccurate performance characterization and prediction can directly affect the decision-making process for pavement maintenance, rehabilitation, and reconstruction and result in unexpected early failures in the field. The major objective of this study is to determine the impact of using laboratory-measured asphalt stiffness on the prediction accuracy of mechanistic-empirical models. In addition, the effect of using linear-elastic modeling assumptions (layered elastic theory) and neglecting the nonlinearity of pavement response at high load levels (and/or at high strain levels for weaker structures) on the predicted rutting performance was determined. In this study, the effectiveness of the use of laboratory asphalt stiffness tests for in-situ asphalt stiffness characterization was determined by comparing the rutting performance predicted using laboratory-measured stiffness to rutting predicted using strain-gauge backcalculated stiffness. It was determined that laboratory tests are able to characterize the in-situ stiffness characteristics of the asphalt mix used in this study and the stiffness characterization process suggested in this study can provide reliable rutting performance predictions. Results of this study are only applicable to tested rubberized asphalt concrete mixtures.

scholarly journals The long-run performance of US firms pursuing IPOs in foreign markets

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Killins ◽  
Peter V. Egly
Keyword(s):  
Capital Markets ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Us ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the long-run performance of a unique set of US domiciled firms that have bypassed the US capital markets in pursuit of their initial public offering (IPO) overseas. Additionally, this paper then tests the popular underwriter prestige impact and the window of opportunity hypothesis on this unique subset of IPOs. Design/methodology/approach Using a sample of foreign and purely domestic IPOs made by US firms from 2000 to 2011, this study investigates the long-term performance, one-, two- and three-year by using two measures (buy-and-hold return and cumulative abnormal returns) to test the long-run returns of newly listed companies. Finally, the research incorporates both the traditional matching methodology (issue year and size) along with propensity score matching methodology. Findings FIPOs of US companies underperform DIPOs and their matched DIPOs; furthermore, FIPOs underperform the index of the two listing countries they use the most (UK and Canada). Although the choice of a reputable underwriter mitigates underperformance, the choice of listing in a foreign country only may be a result of possible high valuations accorded by foreign investors who buy US-listed companies on the domestic exchange possibly for reducing exchange rate risk and gaining US diversification without incurring additional costs. It is, thus, possible that US companies that undertake Foreign IPOs not only escape potentially higher Security and Exchange Commission regulations and disclosure but also benefit from higher valuations in the foreign markets. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the long-term performance of US firms bypassing the US capital markets in pursuit of their initial equity offering elsewhere. Caglio et al. (2016) investigated why firms decide to pursue such equity raising activity but fail to investigate the firms’ actual performance after issuing equity. This research fills such a gap in the literature and is important for both academics and practitioners. Practitioners can use this information in assessing the quality of such investments in the long-run, and firms can use such information when determining the different options of issuing equity. Further, regulators should be aware of the implications that increased regulations have on capital raising activities in their domestic market.

Welfare of the neonate lamb immediately after tail-docking

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 108-108
Author(s):  
A. B. Notman ◽  
H. L. Heath ◽  
J. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Normal Behaviour ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Tail Docking ◽  
Ewe Lamb ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
The Impact

Tail docking of new born lambs is a routine practice in the United Kingdom. It has been used as a strategy to reduce the impact of myriasis (blowfly strike). There is only a limited period of time after birth (up to seven days) during which lambs can be docked without the use of anaethesia. Tail docking may have a detrimental effect on the ewe-lamb bond if the process leads to significant and sustained pain. French, Wall and Morgan (1994) suggested lambs suffer acute pain immediately after the procedure of docking but this potential disturbance of normal behaviour during the first few days of life did not seem to affect the long-term performance of lambs. The study reported in this paper considers the effect of tail docking on the behaviour of lambs during the first 90 minutes after docking and on lamb performance to slaughter.

scholarly journals Switch-out and switch-in: What motivates the decision makers in Italian occupational pension funds?

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Andrea Lippi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Process ◽  
Pension Funds ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Occupational Pension ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The One ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
The Impact

To switch presumes two kinds of transactions carried out by the same person: on the one hand, the decision to exit an investment line (switch-out) and, on the other hand, the decision to enter into a new investment line (switch-in). What motivates the decision makers? This paper, considering a sample of Italian occupational pension funds, investigates the impact of short-term and long-term performance on the switch decision process and whether the same performance can lead investors to make opposite switch decisions. Some irrational behaviors are identified.

The Impact of the Operational Parameters on the PEM Fuel Cell Long-Term Performance

2016 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Andrea ◽  
P. d. S. P. Oliveira ◽  
E. I. Santiago ◽  
M. Linardi
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
The Impact
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