scholarly journals Water resource management in the southern Ontario region : water market simulations under scarcity conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane Pepin
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Market Model ◽  
Water Market ◽  
World Population ◽  
Utility Model ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
End Use

Water scarcity is a increasingly important issue in many parts of the world. Population pressures, climatic changes, and general resource management are placing increasing strain on water supplies that provide for ecosystems and economies alike. This thesis addresses the issue of water resource management with an investigation of free market principles to effectively manage end-use demand. A water market is designed for the Southern Ontario region, which consists of a large central population with extensive water use related to industrial, residential and agricultural users alike. A comparison to a traditional centralized utility model is used to measure market dynamics and overall efficacy. The results indicate that a free market system produces economic advantages to a utility model while still demonstrating an ability to reduce demand. The model also suggests that the inclusion of certain end-use functions, such as agriculture, must be examined carefully for a free-market model implementation.

scholarly journals Water resource management in the southern Ontario region : water market simulations under scarcity conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane Pepin
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Market Model ◽  
Water Market ◽  
World Population ◽  
Utility Model ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
End Use

Water scarcity is a increasingly important issue in many parts of the world. Population pressures, climatic changes, and general resource management are placing increasing strain on water supplies that provide for ecosystems and economies alike. This thesis addresses the issue of water resource management with an investigation of free market principles to effectively manage end-use demand. A water market is designed for the Southern Ontario region, which consists of a large central population with extensive water use related to industrial, residential and agricultural users alike. A comparison to a traditional centralized utility model is used to measure market dynamics and overall efficacy. The results indicate that a free market system produces economic advantages to a utility model while still demonstrating an ability to reduce demand. The model also suggests that the inclusion of certain end-use functions, such as agriculture, must be examined carefully for a free-market model implementation.

scholarly journals Equity vs. Efficiency and the Human Right to Water

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 278
Author(s):  
Manuel Prieto
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Political Ecology ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Common Property ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Free Market ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Market State

One of the most crucial discussions within water resource management is the debate between those who defend the concept of economic efficiency and those who privilege notions of social equity. This tension is located at the core of binary categories that currently constitute the public debate within comparative water law and policy. These categories are commodity/human right, private property/common property, free-market/state regulation, and market value/community value. This paper explores this tension by studying how neoclassical economics understands efficiency and tracing its rise as a key hegemonic principle for water resource management. I also present equity as a conceptual opposition to efficiency and describe its institutionalization through the human-right-to-water frame. A problematization of both the equity approach and the human-right-to-water frame follows. Finally, I propose a political ecology approach to better understand the tension between efficiency and equity and offer recommendations for informing the water research agenda on efficiency/equity.

scholarly journals UNESCO’s Contribution to Face Global Water Challenges

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandros Makarigakis ◽  
Blanca Jimenez-Cisneros
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Resource Management ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
World Population ◽  
The United Nations

The current world population of 7.6 billion is expected to reach 8.6 billion in 2030, 9.8 billion in 2050 and 11.2 billion in 210, with roughly 83 million people being added every year. The upward trend in population size along with an improved quality of life are expected to continue, and with them the demand for water. Available water for human consumption and development remains virtually the same. Additional to the different pressures of the demand side on the available resources (offer side), climate variability and change apply further pressures to the management of the resource. Additional to the increase in evaporation due to temperature rise, climate change is responsible for more frequent and intense water related extreme events, such as floods and droughts. Anthropogenic activities often result in the contamination of the few pristine water resources and exacerbate the effects of climate change. Furthermore, they are responsible for altering the state of the environment and minimizing the ecosystem services provided. Thus, the water security of countries is compromised posing harder challenges to poor countries to address it. This compromise is taking place in a complex context of scarce and shared resources. Across the world, 153 countries share rivers, lakes and aquifers, home to 40% of the world’s current population. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) is the scientific arm of the United Nations and its International Hydrological Programme (IHP) is the main vehicle for work in water sciences at an intergovernmental level. IHP VIII, IHP’s medium term strategy, aims to assist UNESCO’s Member States (MS) in achieving water security by mobilizing international cooperation to improve knowledge and innovation, strengthening the science-policy interface, and facilitating education and capacity development in order to enhance water resource management and governance. Furthermore, the organization has established an Urban Water Management Programme (UWMP) aiming at promoting sustainable water resource management in urban areas.

Catchment surveillance for water resource management

Waterlines ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-25
Author(s):  
Barry Lloyd ◽  
Teresa Thorpe
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Resource Management

Water Resources Management in the Semi-Arid Central Valley of California

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 97-106
Author(s):  
J. J. Vasconcelos
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Central Valley ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Ground Water Resource ◽  
Semi Arid

Hater resource managers in semi-arid regions are faced with some unique problems. The wide variations in precipitation and stream flows in semi-arid regions increase man's dependence on the ground water resource for an ample and reliable supply of water. Proper management of the ground water resource is absolutely essential to the economic well being of semi-arid regions. Historians have discovered the remains of vanished advanced civilizations based on irrigated agriculture which were ignorant of the importance of proper ground water resource management. In the United States a great deal of effort is presently being expended in the study and control of toxic discharges to the ground water resource. What many public policy makers fail to understand is that the potential loss to society resulting from the mineralization of the ground water resource is potentially much greater than the loss caused by toxic wastes discharges, particularly in developing countries. Appropriations for ground water resource management studies in developed countries such as the United States are presently much less than those for toxic wastes management and should be increased. It is the reponsibility of the water resource professional to emphasize to public policy makers the importance of ground water resource management. Applications of ground water resource management models in the semi-arid Central Valley of California are presented. The results demonstrate the need for proper ground water resource management practices in semi-arid regions and the use of ground water management models as a valuable tool for the water resource manager.

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