scholarly journals Parametric study of curved steel I-girder bridges at construction phase.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
lhsan-ul Haq
Keyword(s):  
Parametric Study ◽  
Curved Bridges ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Girder Bridges ◽  
The Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Truck Loading ◽  
Curved Girder Bridges ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Strengthening Technique ◽  
Construction Loads

The desire to conform to the existing terrain has largely increased the use of curved bridges for complex interchanges. Bridge curvature produces warping moments (lateral bending moments) in girder flanges under truck loading conditions and even during the construction phase. These warping moments increase girder flexural stresses at construction phase in case of un-shored construction. An extensive parametric study was conducted, using the finite-element analysis software "SAP2000", to examine the key parameters affecting warping stresses in curved girder bridges under construction loads. A strengthening technique "torsion box" at the girder supports was proposed and examined with respect to girder warping, flexural stresses and support reactions. The key parameters considered in this study included number of girders, girder spacing, number of cross bracing intervals, degree of curvature and girder span length. Based on this study empirical expressions for moment and shear distribution factors for the curved girder were developed.

scholarly journals Parametric study of curved steel I-girder bridges at construction phase.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
lhsan-ul Haq
Keyword(s):  
Parametric Study ◽  
Curved Bridges ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Girder Bridges ◽  
The Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Truck Loading ◽  
Curved Girder Bridges ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Strengthening Technique ◽  
Construction Loads

The desire to conform to the existing terrain has largely increased the use of curved bridges for complex interchanges. Bridge curvature produces warping moments (lateral bending moments) in girder flanges under truck loading conditions and even during the construction phase. These warping moments increase girder flexural stresses at construction phase in case of un-shored construction. An extensive parametric study was conducted, using the finite-element analysis software "SAP2000", to examine the key parameters affecting warping stresses in curved girder bridges under construction loads. A strengthening technique "torsion box" at the girder supports was proposed and examined with respect to girder warping, flexural stresses and support reactions. The key parameters considered in this study included number of girders, girder spacing, number of cross bracing intervals, degree of curvature and girder span length. Based on this study empirical expressions for moment and shear distribution factors for the curved girder were developed.

scholarly journals Load Distribution Factors for Curved Concrete Slab-on-Steel I-Girder Bridges

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed A. Al-Hashimy
Keyword(s):  
Parametric Study ◽  
Load Distribution ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Steel Bridges ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Lateral Bending ◽  
Curved Bridges ◽  
Horizontally Curved ◽  
Girder Bridges ◽  
Curved Steel

The use of complex interchanges in modern highway urban systems have increased recently in addition to the desire to conform to existing terrain; both have led to increase the demand for horizontally curved bridges. One type of curved bridges consists of composite concrete deck over steel I-girders which has been the preferred choice due to its simplicity in fabrication, transportation and erection. Although horizontally curved steel bridges constitute roughly one-third of all steel bridges being erected today, their structural behavior still not well understood. Due to its geometry, simple presence of curvature in curved bridges produces non uniform torsion and consequently, lateral bending moment (warping or bi-moment) in the girder flanges. The presence of the lateral bending moments would significantly complicate the analysis and the design of the structure. Hence, a parametric study is required to scrutinize a simplified method in designing horizontally curved steel I-girder bridges. A parametric study is conducted, using the finite-element analysis software "SAP2000", to examine the key parameters that may influence the load distribution on the curved composite steel girders. Based on the data generated from the parametric study, sets of empirical equations are developed for the moment and shear distribution factors for straight and curved steel I-girder bridges when subjected to the Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code (HCHBDC) truck loading.

scholarly journals Load Distribution Factors for Curved Concrete Slab-on-Steel I-Girder Bridges

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed A. Al-Hashimy
Keyword(s):  
Parametric Study ◽  
Load Distribution ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Steel Bridges ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Lateral Bending ◽  
Curved Bridges ◽  
Horizontally Curved ◽  
Girder Bridges ◽  
Curved Steel

The use of complex interchanges in modern highway urban systems have increased recently in addition to the desire to conform to existing terrain; both have led to increase the demand for horizontally curved bridges. One type of curved bridges consists of composite concrete deck over steel I-girders which has been the preferred choice due to its simplicity in fabrication, transportation and erection. Although horizontally curved steel bridges constitute roughly one-third of all steel bridges being erected today, their structural behavior still not well understood. Due to its geometry, simple presence of curvature in curved bridges produces non uniform torsion and consequently, lateral bending moment (warping or bi-moment) in the girder flanges. The presence of the lateral bending moments would significantly complicate the analysis and the design of the structure. Hence, a parametric study is required to scrutinize a simplified method in designing horizontally curved steel I-girder bridges. A parametric study is conducted, using the finite-element analysis software "SAP2000", to examine the key parameters that may influence the load distribution on the curved composite steel girders. Based on the data generated from the parametric study, sets of empirical equations are developed for the moment and shear distribution factors for straight and curved steel I-girder bridges when subjected to the Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code (HCHBDC) truck loading.

scholarly journals Free Vibration Analysis Of Horizontally Curved Composite Concrete Deck Over Steel I-Girder Bridges

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radek A. Wodzinowski
Keyword(s):  
Free Vibration ◽  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Parametric Study ◽  
Free Vibration Analysis ◽  
Sensitivity Study ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Curved Bridges ◽  
Horizontally Curved ◽  
Girder Bridges ◽  
Free Vibration Response

Curved composite I-girder bridges provide an excellent solution to problems of urban congestion, traffic and pollution, but their behavior is quite complex due to the coupled bending and torsion response of the bridges. Moreover, dynamic behavior of curved bridges further complicates the problem. The majority of curved bridges today are designed using complex analytical methods; therefore, a clear need exists for simplified design methods in the form of empirical equations for the structural design parameters. In this thesis paper, a sensitivity study is conducted to examine the effect of various design parameters on the free-vibration response of curved composite I-girder bridges. To determine their fundamental frequency and corresponding mode shape an extensive parametric study is conducted on 336 straight and curved bridges. From the results of the parametric study, simple-to-use equations are developed to predict the fundamental frequency of curved composite I-girder bridges. It is shown that the developed equations are equally applicable to curved simply supported and composite multi-span bridges with equal span lengths.

scholarly journals Study of Curvature Effects in Composite Steel I-Girder Bridges Using the V-Load Method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Davoodi
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Highway Bridges ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Horizontally Curved ◽  
Curvature Effects ◽  
Girder Bridges ◽  
The North ◽  
The Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Horizontally Curved Bridges

Horizontally curved composite I-girder bridges are being increasingly used for highway interchanges and river crossings. The V-load method is widely used as a simplified method for the analysis of horizontally curved I-girder highway bridges as a straight I-girder considering the effect of torsion due to curvature. Recently, North American bridge design codes and specifications have specified certain limitations to treat horizontally curved bridges as straight ones in structural analysis and design. The purpose of this study is to investigate the applicability of those specified limitations by the V-Load method, to compare the results from the V-Load method with those obtained from the finite element analysis and to develop empirical expressions for curvature limitation. The results of this study shows that the North American codes and specifications underestimate the response with their specified curvature limitations. Based on this study, a modified equation for the curvature limitation is proposed.

Construction Issues in Steel Curved-Girder Bridges

1996 ◽  
Vol 1544 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Michael A. Grubb ◽  
John M. Yadlosky ◽  
Sheila Rimal Duwadi
Keyword(s):  
Steel Bridges ◽  
Concrete Bridges ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Successful Completion ◽  
Curved Bridges ◽  
Design Decisions ◽  
Horizontally Curved ◽  
Girder Bridges ◽  
Curved Girder Bridges ◽  
Curved Steel

The construction of horizontally curved steel bridges is generally more complex than the construction of comparable straight-girder bridges of similar span. Curved-girder bridges, once completed, have generally performed as intended. Most problems that have occurred with curved-girder bridges have been related to fabrication and assembly procedures or unanticipated and unaccounted for deformations that occur during construction. As a result, these construction issues take on primary importance in the successful completion of the structure. Successful completion requires that each phase of construction proceeds as anticipated to ensure that the final structure is at the correct elevation to provide proper deck drainage and good riding quality. In some cases, construction issues for curved bridges have been given little or no special consideration by designers, or, at the very least, no more consideration than has been given to these issues for straight bridges. Thus, there is a need to better identify these issues, assemble and provide more in depth information on each of these issues to the design community, and emphasize their importance to designers. The significance of construction issues to complex horizontally curved steel bridges is in many ways analogous to their prominence in the design of segmental concrete bridges; construction issues often drive the design decisions. The objective is to promote awareness in the design of horizontally curved steel bridges to some of these construction issues.

IMPACTS OF PRE-STRESS LOSS ON THE LONG-TERM DEFLECTION FOR LONG-SPAN PC CONTINUOUS GIRDER BRIDGE

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianqing Bu ◽  
Jincan Cui
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Girder Bridges ◽  
Long Span ◽  
The Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Continuous Girder Bridge ◽  
Girder Bridge

In order to analyze the impacts of pre-stress loss on the long-term deflection for long-span PC continuous girder bridges, this paper presents a numerical analysis using the finite element analysis software MIDAS/Civil based on a long-span PC continuous box-section girder bridge in Shijiazhuang. Once the 3-D finite element model was established, the influences of different pre-stress loss levels and locations were analyzed in a numerical simulation. Pre-stress loss is often the key reason for long-term deflection in long-span PC continuous girder bridges, so we can estimate the development of deflection by considering these factors during the operation.

scholarly journals Parametric Study on How the Lateral Forces Acting on a Deep Foundation Influences the Axial Forces Developing in the Piles

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-32
Author(s):  
Radu Adrian Iordănescu
Keyword(s):  
Parametric Study ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Deep Foundations ◽  
Deep Foundation ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Axial Forces ◽  
Lateral Forces ◽  
The Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Pile Cap ◽  
Computational Resources

Abstract A missing piece in the design of bridge substructure is that the equation given in structural mechanics that assesses the axial forces in the piles of a deep foundation does not take into account the effect of lateral forces acting on the pile cap. In practice, pile forces are determined using a FEA software. This method, however, can not be easily incorporated into an automated program that performs local and global optimizations of a structure. One of the reasons is that this method is particularly demanding on the computational resources. Since a bridge can have a number of deep foundations, which must be verified for various combinations of actions, which need to be optimized, recalculated in various scenarios and then the entire process reiterated for all structural solutions, computational cost can become prohibitive. Another reason is that due to the lack of a relation between all the parameters and dimensions that influence the behaviour of a deep foundation, their optimization is difficult. For this purpose, a parametric study has been carried out to investigate what parameters influence the relation between the lateral forces applied to the foundation and the axial forces that develop in the piles, and ultimately propose an equation that takes into account the lateral forces. The study is carried out using experimental data obtained on models using the finite element analysis method using SAP 2000 (v.15) software.

scholarly journals Study of Curvature Effects in Composite Steel I-Girder Bridges Using the V-Load Method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Davoodi
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Highway Bridges ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Horizontally Curved ◽  
Curvature Effects ◽  
Girder Bridges ◽  
The North ◽  
The Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Horizontally Curved Bridges

Horizontally curved composite I-girder bridges are being increasingly used for highway interchanges and river crossings. The V-load method is widely used as a simplified method for the analysis of horizontally curved I-girder highway bridges as a straight I-girder considering the effect of torsion due to curvature. Recently, North American bridge design codes and specifications have specified certain limitations to treat horizontally curved bridges as straight ones in structural analysis and design. The purpose of this study is to investigate the applicability of those specified limitations by the V-Load method, to compare the results from the V-Load method with those obtained from the finite element analysis and to develop empirical expressions for curvature limitation. The results of this study shows that the North American codes and specifications underestimate the response with their specified curvature limitations. Based on this study, a modified equation for the curvature limitation is proposed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document