scholarly journals PATTERN OF WATER SUPPLY IN RELATION TO DIFFERENT WATER SOURCES IN METROPOLITAN KANO

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 690-696
Author(s):  
Abubakar Hadiza Suleiman
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
Different Water Sources

The study carried out on pattern of water supply in relation to different water sources in metropolitan Kano was aimed to assess the pattern of water supply in the area. Eight local government areas were found in the area but six local government areas were selected in conducting the research work. The selected local government areas included dala, Fagge, Kano Municipal, Gwale, Tarauni, Nassarawa. The research work was conducted through the following methods of data collection, (questionnaire and interview). Krecjie and morgan sampling techniques was adopted in administering the questionnaire, because it was the best sampling techniques that suited the study. The result of the findings indicated that ground water sources are now the major sources of water used in the study area, pipe borne water was generally inadequate. Dala, Kano Municipal, Fagge and Gwale were the areas mostly affected with scarcity of pipe borne water. Other sources of water for household usage included water from vendors and water supply Tankers. Some sources of water were founded inactive (that is sources of water producing less or no water due to some problems). Most people in the area depend on sachet water as their source of drinking water. Finally, in order to overcome some of the problems of water is their source of drinking water. Finally, in order to overcome some of the problems of water supply it was recommended that there should be alternative sources of power, regular maintenance, train of manpower, and effective management of water supply systems.

scholarly journals Influence of multiple uses of water on the sustainability of communally-managed rural water supply systems in Zimbabwe

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tendai Kativhu ◽  
Dominic Mazvimavi ◽  
Daniel Tevera ◽  
Innocent Nhapi
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Community Gardening ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Rural Water Supply ◽  
Rural Water ◽  
Multiple Uses ◽  
Supply Systems

Abstract The utilisation of drinking water supply systems for productive uses is not a new practice in Zimbabwe and the world over. This study sought to explore how multiple uses of water, in this case community gardening as a productive use combined with domestic uses influence sustainability of communally-managed rural water supply systems. Using the independent samples t-test, it was noted that community gardening positively influences sustainability. The test was done on institutional, technical, social and financial factors of sustainability. Results showed that there were statistically significant differences in sustainability performance between water points used for multiple uses and those used for domestic uses only. However, it was also noted that using drinking water sources for multiple uses increases the frequency of water use conflicts and water point breakdowns, which negatively impact on sustainability. This means that where water sources are used for multiple uses additional management skills and resources may be required for the water points to be sustained. The study concluded that using domestic water sources for productive purposes enhances sustainability of water supply facilities; however, consideration has to be given about the relative importance and scale of the type of productive activity to be implemented.

scholarly journals Considerations on Drinking Water Management in the Moldavian Plateau and Plain Region

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-147
Author(s):  
Ștefania Chirica ◽  
Alexandru-Lucian Luca ◽  
Iustina Lateș
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
Regional Water

Abstract The Moldavian Plateau and Plain have few drinking water sources (the case of Iaşi and Vaslui Counties). The main type of fresh water sources are groundwater and surface water. The Moldavian Plateau rural settlements are affected the most by the lack of viable, unpolluted water sources to ensure a volume able to cover the consumers’ demand. The pollution phenomenon induced by the non-availability of rural sewerage systems and also by the settlements’ areas foundation rocks have decreased the groundwater and surface water sources quality parameters. The adduction, transport and distribution networks of water supply systems are affected by the „water loss“ phenomenon. Water management in a transmission and distribution network must correlate the number of water sources, available volume, acceptable quality parameters and inherent water losses from networks with the consumers’ demands. The optimisation of water management in a given geographic space has led to the establishment of „regional water supply systems“. This process relies on the minimisation of water losses. The case study carried out in Iaşi County shows the importance of the regional water supply system development through optimal exploitation of Moldavian Plateau and Plain water sources.

Methodological Approaches to Organization of Drinking Water Quality Monitoring Programs

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
Yu.A. Novikova ◽  
I.O. Myasnikov ◽  
A.A. Kovshov ◽  
N.A. Tikhonova ◽  
N.S. Bashketova
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Monitoring Programs ◽  
Supply Systems

Summary. Introduction: Drinking water is one of the most important environmental factors sustaining life and determining human health. The goal of the Russian Federal Clean Water Project is to improve drinking water quality through upgrading of water treatment and supply systems using advanced technologies, including those developed by the military-industrial complex. The most informative and reliable sources of information for assessing drinking water quality are the results of systematic laboratory testing obtained within the framework of socio-hygienic monitoring (SGM) and production control carried out by water supply organizations. The objective of our study was to formulate approaches to organizing quality monitoring programs for centralized cold water supply systems. Materials and methods: We reviewed programs and results of drinking water quality laboratory tests performed by Rospotrebnadzor bodies and institutions within the framework of SGM in 2017–2018. Results: We established that drinking water quality monitoring in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation differs significantly in the number of monitoring points (566 in the Krasnoyarsk Krai vs 10 in Sevastopol) and measured indicators, especially sanitary and chemical ones (53 inorganic and organic substances in the Kemerovo Region vs one indicator in the Amur Region). Discussion: For a more complete and objective assessment of drinking water quality in centralized cold water supply systems, monitoring points should be organized at all stages of water supply with account for the coverage of the maximum number of people supplied with water from a particular network. Thus, the number of points in the distribution network should depend, inter alia, on the size of population served. In urban settlements with up to 10,000 inhabitants, for example, at least 4 points should be organized while in the cities with more than 3,000,000 inhabitants at least 80 points are necessary. We developed minimum mandatory lists of indicators and approaches to selecting priority indices to be monitored at all stages of drinking water supply.

Assessment of the potential contribution of alternative water supply systems in two contrasting locations: Lilongwe, Malawi and Sharm El-Sheikh, Egypt

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osman Jussah ◽  
Mohamed O. M. Orabi ◽  
Janez Sušnik ◽  
Françoise Bichai ◽  
Chris Zevenbergen
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Social Preferences ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Important Conclusion ◽  
Assessment Approach ◽  
Alternative Water ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Supply Systems

Abstract Growing water demand poses a challenge for supply. Poor understanding of alternative sources can hamper plans for addressing water scarcity and supply resilience. The potential of three alternative supply systems in Lilongwe, Malawi and Sharm El-Sheikh, Egypt are compared using a fast, data-light assessment approach. Lilongwe water supply is based on unsustainable use of source water, while Sharm depends primarily on desalination. Both locations experience shortages due to poor system performance and service inequity. Alternative supply systems are shown to potentially contribute to supply augmentation/diversification, improving service and system resilience. There are considerable seasonal variations to consider, especially regarding storage of water. Social preferences could limit the uptake/demand for alternative water. One important conclusion is the value in addressing public perceptions of alternative systems, and assessing water end use in order to site systems appropriately. Other issues surround financing, encouraging uptake and addressing institutional/governance aspects surrounding equitable distribution. A further consideration is whether demand reductions might yield shorter-term improvements in performance without the need to institute potentially expensive alternative water strategies. Reducing non-revenue water is a priority. Such measures should be undertaken with alternative supply enhancement to reduce inequity of supply, improve system performance and increase resilience to future changes.

scholarly journals Microbial diversity in full-scale water supply systems through sequencing technology: a review

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (41) ◽  
pp. 25484-25496
Author(s):  
Wei Zhou ◽  
Weiying Li ◽  
Jiping Chen ◽  
Yu Zhou ◽  
Zhongqing Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Sequencing Technology ◽  
Supply Systems

Drinking water microbial diversity influence in full-scale water supply systems.

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