Learning Free Will, Self-Control, and Philosophy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-36
Author(s):  
Peter B. Raabe
Keyword(s):  
Free Will ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Will Self

On the selection and balancing of multiple selfish goals

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catalina Kopetz ◽  
Wilhelm Hofmann ◽  
Reinout W. H. J. Wiers
Keyword(s):  
Free Will ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Multiple Goals ◽  
Goal Selection ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Goal Pursuits ◽  
Will Self ◽  
Control Failures

AbstractThe selfish goal metaphor is interesting and intriguing. It accounts for the idiosyncrasies and inconsistencies in peoples' goal pursuits without invoking free will, self-regulatory, or self-control failures. However, people pursue multiple goals, sometimes simultaneously. We argue that the model proposed in the target article may gain significant theoretical and practical value if the principles underlying goal selection and/or balancing on a moment-to-moment basis are clearly specified and integrated with the notion of the selfish goal.

Free will, temptation, and self-control: We must believe in free will. We have no choice

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Wertenbroch ◽  
Joachim Vosgerau ◽  
Sabrina Bruyneel
Keyword(s):  
Free Will ◽  
Self Control

Control and Self-control in Physical Education and Sports Classes

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 575-580
Author(s):  
Snezhana Yorgova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Emotional Stress ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Self Control ◽  
School Life ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Will Self ◽  
Life Work

A person forms as a personality in the process of his/her social life: during one’s school life, work, communication with people. During studying, training and especially during Physical Education and Sports classes, students undergo a big physical and emotional stress: quickly changing conditions, the ability to obey common rules and requirements, respect towards others contribute to the development of such personal features as strong will, self-control, self-confidence, endurance, discipline.

Frankfurt and the Problem of Self-Control

2020 ◽  
pp. 421-433
Author(s):  
Ryan Cummings ◽  
Adina L. Roskies
Keyword(s):  
Free Will ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Infinite Regress ◽  
Structural Account ◽  
The Will

Frankfurt’s compatibilist account of free will considers an individual to be free when her first- and second-order volitions align. This structural account of the will, this chapter argues, fails to engage with the dynamics of will, resulting in two shortcomings: (1) the problem of directionality, or that Frankfurtian freedom obtains whenever first- and second-order volitions align, regardless of which desire was made to change, and (2) the potential for infinite regress of higher-order desires. The authors propose that a satisfying account of the genesis of second-order volitions can resolve these issues. To provide this they draw from George Ainslie’s mechanistic account of self-control, which relies on intertemporal bargaining wherein an individual’s self-predictions about future decisions affect the value of her current choices. They suggest that second-order volitions emerge from precisely this sort of process, and that a Frankfurt-Ainslie account of free will avoids the objections previously raised.

The Developmental and Cultural Origins of Our Beliefs about Self-Control

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-64
Author(s):  
Adrienne Wente ◽  
Xin Zhao ◽  
Alison Gopnik ◽  
Carissa Kang ◽  
Tamar Kushnir
Keyword(s):  
Free Will ◽  
The United States ◽  
Control Culture ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Control Beliefs ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Experience Effects ◽  
Children's Beliefs ◽  
Cultural Origins ◽  
Us Children

Self-control is quite difficult—sometimes people are successful, but frequently they are not. So why do people believe that they can choose, by their own free will, to exercise self-control? This chapter summarizes recent research exploring the cultural and developmental origins of beliefs about self-control and free will. It discusses how two factors contribute to the development of children’s beliefs about self-control: culture and first-person experiences. The authors’ studies of four- to eight-year-old children (N = 441; mean age = 5.96 years; range = 3.92–8.90 years) from China, Singapore, Peru, and the United States indicate that self-control beliefs differ across cultures, and that, comparatively, US children hold intuitions that they can freely choose to exercise self-control. Additionally, evidence indicates that the experience of self-control failure impacts beliefs about free will in US children, but that these experience effects are not culturally universal.

Emergence of free will and consciousness in humans: implications for doctor-patient interactions

2018 ◽  
Vol 94 (1112) ◽  
pp. 354-356
Author(s):  
Philip D Welsby
Keyword(s):  
Free Will ◽  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Voting Systems ◽  
Patient Interactions ◽  
Will Self ◽  
Human Brains ◽  
Correct Voting ◽  
The Brain

Human brains have about 100 billion neurons each with about 1000 dendritic connections with other neurons giving a total of 100 000 billion deterministic dendritic switches. Various voting systems that the brain may use can produce conflicting results from identical inputs without any indication as to which one or ones would be correct. Voting systems cannot deliver unequivocal results in any other than the simplest situations. It is hypothesised that these conflicting results provide an indeterminacy that underlies free will, self-awareness, awareness of others, consciousness and personal responsibility, all of which can influence doctor-patient interactions.

scholarly journals Non-psychological weakness of will: self-control, stereotypes, and consequences

Synthese ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 191 (16) ◽  
pp. 3935-3954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathieu Doucet ◽  
John Turri
Keyword(s):  
Self Control ◽  
Weakness Of Will ◽  
Will Self

Self-control: Acts of free will

1995 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-141
Author(s):  
James A. Schirillo
Keyword(s):  
Free Will ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Behavioral Patterns

AbstractRachlin overlooks that free will determines when and in what direction acts that appear impulsive will occur. Because behavioral patterns continuously evolve, animals are not guaranteed when they will, or how to, maximize larger-later reinforcements. An animal therefore uses self-control to emit free acts to vary behavioral patterns to optimize larger-later rewards.

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