scholarly journals Mating behaviour of the lizard Ameiva ameiva in Brazil

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
RENAN AUGUSTO RAMALHO
Keyword(s):  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Reproductive Behaviour ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Head Bobbing

The courtship and copulation behaviours of the lizard Ameiva ameiva is described from field observations made at various locations in Brazil. In males, the main behaviours observed during one observation of courtship were head bobbing, circling and walking over the females, rubbing his body against the female, mounting, and dismounting. Females generally remain passive throughout courtship. The reproductive behaviour of A. ameiva resembles that of other teiids, however males exhibit some behavioural peculiarities, such as circling the female to restrict her movements, no cloacal rubbing against the ground, and no biting during copulation.

Mating experience influences mate choice and reproductive output in an aphidophagous ladybird, Menochilus sexmaculatus

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankita Dubey ◽  
Swati Saxena ◽  
Geetanjali Mishra ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mate Choice ◽  
Reproductive Output ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Reproductive Behaviour ◽  
Mating Status ◽  
Mating Experience ◽  
Males And Females

AbstractInformation about mating status can be used to decide about whether to invest resources in mating with a particular partner. In the present study, we evaluated mate choice in relation to the mating experience of males and females ofMenochilus sexmaculatus. We subjected both unmated and multiply mated males and females to different mate choice trials. The mating experience of the adults includes unmated, once-mated, twice-mated and multiply mated. The mate choice trials revealed that unmated adults were preferred over mated adults by both unmated and multiply mated partners. This preference for unmated partners also had consequences for mating behaviour and reproductive output. Unmated and multiply mated females commenced mating with unmated males earlier. In addition, unmated and multiply mated males invested more time in copula with unmated females. Moreover, females mated with unmated males were more fecund than those mated with previously mated males. This suggests that mating experience of mates may influence mating and reproductive behaviour in this species.

Reproductive behaviour in the neotropical foam-nesting frog Pleurodema diplolistris (Leptodactylidae)

1992 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Hödl
Keyword(s):  
Water Surface ◽  
Reproductive Behaviour ◽  
Nest Construction ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Call Production ◽  
Video Studies ◽  
Pulmonary Respiration ◽  
Foam Nest

AbstractField observations and laboratory video studies were conducted on call production and foam-nest construction of the leptodactylid frog, Pleurodema diplolistris, in João Pessoa, Paraiba (Brazil). Males call during the night while floating on the water surface. Sound is generated by the inspiratory airstream during pulmonary respiration. Calls have a mean duration of 11.4 s and consist of a series oflow frequency notes given at a mean rate of 536 min-1. Pairs mate in axillary amplexus while floating on the water surface. Between 528 and 748 eggs are deposited in a foam nest. Nesting bouts can be divided into three consecutive phases: (1) female lordosis and egg extrusion and male basket formation; (2) foam beating, and (3) foam smoothing by the male. Bouts last up to 2.9 s and occur at a mean rate of 6.0 min-1. Fifty-one to 101 activity phases are needed to complete nest construction, which lasts between 6:48 and 17:04 min. Interconnected, communal nests outnumber single foam masses. Larvae hatch 22 to 26 h after oviposition at the external gill stage.

scholarly journals Watercress and Water Quality: The Effect of Phenethyl Isothiocyanate on the Mating Behaviour ofGammarus pulex

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie J. Dixon ◽  
Peter J. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Sublethal Effect ◽  
Reproductive Behaviour ◽  
Wash Water ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Phenethyl Isothiocyanate ◽  
Chalk Streams ◽  
Mean Time

Watercress releases phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) upon wounding as a defence against herbivores. PEITC levels released from watercress farms are elevated due to cropping, washing, and processing and are thought to lead to adverse effects onGammarus pulexin chalk streams. This study elucidates the sublethal effect of PEITC on reproductive behaviour ofG. pulex, employingex situtests to investigate the disruption of precopular pairing under conditions simulatingin situexposure. Mean time to separation of precopular pairs was 89 ± 6 minutes for watercress wash water (1 g watercress per litre water) and 81 ± 15 minutes for pure PEITC (1 μL/L). Re-exposure to watercress wash water to simulate the pulsed operation at a watercress farm did not alter behavioural response. The repeated interruption of reproductive behaviour underin situconditions would impair long-term reproductive success and could explain in part low abundance ofG. pulexdownstream of watercress farms.

Mate detection and seasonal variation in stick insect mating behaviour (Phamatodea: Clitarchus hookeri)

Behaviour ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 152 (10) ◽  
pp. 1325-1348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelley S. Myers ◽  
Thomas R. Buckley ◽  
Gregory I. Holwell
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Mating Systems ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Stick Insect ◽  
Scramble Competition ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Mate Searching ◽  
Natural Field ◽  
Behavioural Tests ◽  
Searching Ability

For animals that exhibit a scramble competition mating system, sexual selection pressures on mate searching ability are expected to be strong. Scramble competition mating systems evolve when populations provide females with equal accessibility to all male competitors, yet sex ratio and population density influences mating systems and varies seasonally. The stick insect species,Clitarchus hookeri, is frequently found in copula, yet very little is known about it’s mating behaviour. We preformed behavioural tests and assayed antennal sensory morphology to determine whether males used chemosensory cues to detect females. Through natural field observations we found populations to be significantly male-biased earlier in the season, while later, populations began to display equal sex ratios. With increasing female availability mating pair proportions steadily increased, while copulation duration declined. These results supportC. hookerias a scramble competitor, and demonstrate males may alter their behaviour in response to the seasonal variation in female density.

Female control of reproductive behaviour in the platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus), with notes on female competition for mating

Behaviour ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 155 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica L. Thomas ◽  
Marissa L. Parrott ◽  
Kathrine A. Handasyde ◽  
Peter Temple-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Reproductive Behaviour ◽  
Female Competition ◽  
Time Investment ◽  
Ornithorhynchus Anatinus ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Infrared Cameras ◽  
And Control

Abstract Opportunities for studying platypus courtship and mating behaviours in the wild are limited due to the nocturnal and cryptic nature of this species. We report on platypus courtship and mating behaviour from a successful breeding program at Healesville Sanctuary, Victoria, in which platypuses were held as either breeding pairs or trios over seven years. Behaviour was recorded daily on infrared cameras resulting in over 80,000 h of footage that was analysed for activity periods, and courtship and mating behaviours including non-contact and contact courtship, mating and avoidance. Our aims were to describe and quantify courtship and mating interactions between males and females, and to determine if either sex controlled the initiation and continuation of the behaviours. From our observations, we describe a new courtship behaviour, non-contact courtship, which constituted the majority of all mating season interactions between males and females. The time between first and last appearance of a courtship and mating behaviour was 41.0 ± 6.6 days, with the females showing behavioural receptivity for 29.6 ± 5.1 days. Female platypuses used three evasive strategies in relation to approaches by males: avoidance, flight and resistance. Females controlled the duration of 79% of encounters using resistance. For the first time, two females were seen competing with each other over access to the male platypus in their enclosure and for nesting material. Time investment in courtship and mating behaviours was a poor indicator of receptivity and breeding success, and we suggest that breeding failure is more likely to be associated with failure of fertilisation, nest building, embryonic development or incubation. We describe how female platypuses demonstrate evasiveness and control of courtship and mating behaviours, and the importance of providing these opportunities in captivity to promote successful breeding.

scholarly journals Tomato spotted wilt virusmanipulates the reproduction of its insect vector, western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis), to facilitate transmission

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanran Wan ◽  
Sabir Hussain ◽  
Baoyun Xu ◽  
Wen Xie ◽  
Shaoli Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Western Flower Thrips ◽  
Reproductive Behaviour ◽  
Insect Vector ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDTomato spotted wilt virus(TSWV), one of the most devastating viruses of ornamental plants and vegetable crops worldwide, is transmitted by the western flower thrips,Frankliniella occidentalis(Pergande), in a persistent-propagative manner. How TSWV manipulates the reproduction of its vector to enhance transmission and whether infection with TSWV changes the mating behaviour of this thrips vector are not fully understood.RESULTSIn this study, we found that TSWV-exposed thrips, in general, had a significantly longer developmental time than did non-exposed individuals. Such an increase was predominantly seen in adults, a stage associated with dispersal and virus transmission. TSWV-exposedF. occidentalis produced substantially more progeny than did non-exposed thrips. Interestingly, most of the increase in progeny came from an increase in males, a sex with a greater dispersal and virus transmission capability. Specifically, the sex ratio of progeny shifted from female biased (2-7:1) to evenly split or male biased. Regarding mating behaviour, compared to virus-free controls, TSWV-exposedF. occidentalis had significantly longer copulation duration, were more active in males, and remated less often in females.CONCLUSIONThese combined results suggest that TSWV alters the reproductive behaviour of its insect vector,F. occidentalis, to promote virus transmission. Consequently, a monitoring program capable of earlier detection of the virus and a reduced economic threshold for vector (thrips) control should be in consideration for the long-term, sustainable management of TSWV.

Contribution of natural food sources to reproductive behaviour, fecundity and longevity of Ceratitis cosyra, C. fasciventris and C. capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae)

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Manrakhan ◽  
S.A. Lux
Keyword(s):  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Reproductive Behaviour ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Natural Diet ◽  
Ceratitis Cosyra

AbstractThe influence of food sources comprising the natural diet on the reproductive behaviour, fecundity and longevity of three African fruit flies Ceratitis cosyra (Walker), C. fasciventris (Bezzi) and C. capitata (Wiedemann) was investigated. Three natural food sources, varying in protein and sugar content, were evaluated. These included bird droppings (farm chicken), aphid honeydew and guava (Psidium guajava L.) juice. For C. fasciventris and C. capitata, flies fed on a protein-rich diet displayed higher frequency of calling, mating and oviposition than flies fed on a protein-poor diet, whilst for C. cosyra, quality of diet significantly influenced the mating behaviour of the flies, but not the calling and oviposition behaviour. Net fecundity rates were lowest for C. fasciventris and C. capitata when fed only on guava juice (0.1, 2.6 eggs per female, respectively), and higher for those on a diet of honeydew only (9.5, 33.8 eggs per female, respectively) and a combined diet of guava, honeydew and chicken faeces (11.8, 25.8 eggs per female, respectively). For C. cosyra, due to low numbers of eggs collected, no significant differences in fecundity between diets could be detected. All species fed only on a diet of chicken faeces since emergence died within the first three days of adult life without laying eggs, but when carbohydrates were provided by addition of guava juice and honeydew, the longevity of the flies was sustained for more than four weeks after adult emergence. The practical implications of these findings for control purposes are discussed.

EMERGENCE AND CALLING RHYTHMS, AND MATING BEHAVIOUR OF THE ORANGE WHEAT BLOSSOM MIDGE, SITODIPLOSIS MOSELLANA (GÉHIN) (DIPTERA: CECIDOMYIIDAE)

1992 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth A. Pivnick ◽  
Edith Labbé
Keyword(s):  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Daily Rhythm ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Late Afternoon ◽  
Sitodiplosis Mosellana ◽  
Calling Behaviour ◽  
Early Evening ◽  
Wing Vibration ◽  
Wheat Blossom Midge

AbstractIn laboratory and field observations, male and female orange wheat blossom midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana (Géhin), emerged in late afternoon and early evening, with males emerging 1–2 h before females on average within a given day. Under laboratory conditions, males also emerged on average 0–3 days before females in three different experiments. Within 1 h of emergence, virgin females began to extend their ovipositors much of the time. This behaviour ceased upon mating, and was presumed to be calling behaviour: behaviour associated with pheromone release. Calling behaviour exhibited a daily rhythm both under controlled and field conditions. Females gradually increased the time spent calling in the last few hours of the photophase and called more than two-thirds of the time during the scotophase. Mating was preceded by wing vibration in the male prior to and during a walking approach. Receptive females spread their wings which facilitated mating. Mean duration of mating was 171 ± 15 s (±SE).

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