scholarly journals Adaptive anatomical structure for nastic movement in Mimosa pudica L.

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-138
Author(s):  
Ming-Lin Chen ◽  
Wen-Bin Mao ◽  
Mei-Chen Cui
Keyword(s):  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Mimosa Pudica ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Albizia Julibrissin ◽  
Cortical Parenchyma ◽  
Parenchyma Cells ◽  
Protoplast Volume ◽  
Main Pulvinus

In order to study the adaptive anatomical structures during nastic movement of Mimosa pudica L., anatomical structures of main pulvinus, common petioles, rachis and leaflets were compared with Albizia julibrissin Durazz. (taken as control). The anatomical structures of main pulvinus and common petiole of M. pudica were different from that of A. julibrissin. Upon stimuliti, the protoplast volume of M. pudica in the lower cortical parenchyma cells become smaller than that in upper ones, a feature seldom found in A. julibrissin. There were found many reticulate lacunas on the two side of adaxial petiole of M. pudica, but nil in A. julibrissin. Similarly some ill developed lacunas were found in the pulvinus of rachis and leaflet of M. pudica, but absent in A. julibrissin. It appears that reticulate lacunas in common petiole of M. pudica are responsible for its strong nastic movement. The main sensitivity position lies at the base of common petiole, where the lower cortex is more sensitive than the upper cortex, and the ordinal sensitivity positions are rachis and leaflets. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v42i1.15876 Bangladesh J. Bot. 42(1): 131-137, 2013 (June)

scholarly journals Estudo comparativo entre duas técnicas radiográficas transcranianas para estudo da ATM

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Marcus Vinicius Linhares de Oliveira ◽  
Paulo Sergio Flores Campos
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Glenoid Fossa ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Mandibular Joint ◽  
Radiographic Interpretation ◽  
Exposure Methods ◽  
Pathological Assessment

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De modo a oferecer mais informações possíveis, visualização mais clara, redução das dificuldades de interpretação radiográfica, é imperativa a boa execução das técnicas radiográficas e o desenvolvimento de novos métodos de exposição. <strong>Objetivo</strong>: Avaliar duas incidências radiográficas convencionais que possibilitam o estudo da ATM e relacioná-las com a qualidade da imagem, de acordo com a visualização das estruturas anatômicas. <strong>Materiais e métodos</strong> : O estudo foi realizado através da execução de duas técnicas radiográficas (SCHULLER e LAW modificado), utilizadas para estudo da ATM em um simulador com ossos do crânio e mandíbula humana recoberta com resina. A qualidade da imagem foi <span style="color: black;">avaliada por três radiologistas com experiência, que atribuíram escores (01 –<span>  </span>inadequado; 02 – aceitável com restrições; 03 – aceitável sem restrições) relacionados à sobreposição das estruturas, à visualização da fossa mandibular e à definição do côndilo. <strong>Resultados</strong>: Para os três avaliadores, a técnica B apresentou a concordância em 75% dos pontos analisados, observou-se que para a técnica A os avaliadores 1 e 3 concordaram em 75%, enquanto que os indicies kappa foram considerados moderados para a técnica B . </span><strong>Conclusão</strong>: As técnicas transcranianas permitem a avaliação anatômica e patológica da ATM como forma simples e mais acessível ao paciente sendo a técnica de Law modificado a que apresenta maior concordância entre os avaliadores. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 22.7pt 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-size: 8pt; color: black;" lang="EN-US"> </span></strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 22.7pt 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-size: 8pt; color: black;" lang="EN-US">Abstract</span></strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 22.7pt 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-size: 8pt; color: black;" lang="EN-US">Introduction</span></strong><span style="font-size: 8pt;" lang="EN-US">: Image studies of the temporal mandibular joint (TMJ) are presented as an assistance to the diagnosis of certain specific pathologies related to this anatomical structure. In order to provide as much information as possible, a clearer view and a reduction in the difficulty of the radiographic interpretation it is imperative a good performance of the radiographic techniques and the development of new exposure methods. <strong>Objective</strong>: Evaluate two conventional radiographic views that allow the study of TMJ and relate them with the image quality according to the visualization of anatomical structures <strong>Materials and Methods</strong>: The study was conducted by running two radiographic techniques (SCHULLER and modified LAW) used to the TMJ study in a phantom containing cranial bones and a human mandibular covered with resin. The image quality was evaluated by three experienced radiologists assigning scores (01 - inappropriate, 02 - acceptable with restrictions, 03-acceptable without restrictions) related to overlapping structures, visualization of the glenoid fossa and condyle definition. <strong>Results:</strong> For three evaluators, B technique presented an agreement on 75% of the points analyzed. It was observed that for technique A, evaluators 1 and 3 evaluators agreed on 75% while the kappa indexwere considered moderated for B technique. <strong>Conclusion</strong>: Transcranial techniques allow anatomical and pathological assessment of the TMJ in a simple and more accessible way to the patient and the technique of modified Law presents the best agreement between raters.</span></p>

scholarly journals Preliminary Qualitative Evaluation of the Anatomical Structures for Vocalization in the Chicken (Gallus gallus domestica)

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
J. C. Shawulu
Keyword(s):  
Abrupt Change ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Gallus Gallus ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Domestic Chicken ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Red Jungle Fowl ◽  
Males And Females

The anatomical structure of phonation in the domestic chicken Gallus gallus (red jungle fowl, forma domestica) of both sexes was studied to determine sex variations in structures. Ten (10) birds, involving 5 males and 5 females were obtained from a local market for student demonstrations and used for this study. Tracheal rings were observed to be made of circular cartilages numbering thirty and above with the distal most (1/5) tracheal rings narrowed, calcified and fused as the tympanum making part of the Syrinx. The rings become calcified and somewhat collapsed through the bronchial bifurcations. When squeezed, the trachea collapsed completely between fingers but could at releasing the fingers be raised up due to elastic components separating the rings from one another. Other structures involved in vocalization includes straps of muscles. Male structures involved in respiration and vocalization were well formed compared to those of the female. Both tracheobronchialis lateralis and ventralis muscles were thicker than those of the female. Male tracheobronchialis ventralis and dorsalis muscles were well formed and spindle shaped. However, the female tracheobronchialis muscles were seen to be wider compared to the male. The vocal organs (voice box) were seen to be arbitrarily triangular in structure at the bifurcation of the trachea in both sexes. The male Syringeal walls were thinner and were seen to have marked inter Pessula space. The Pessulus mark an abrupt change from the circular trachea to strongly elliptical entrances to the bronchi. It was concluded that the differences in the thinness of syringeal walls coupled with differences between the males and females in other tracheal muscles might be responsible for the stronger vocalization in the male.

Early modifications of the internodal anatomy of Glycine max sprayed with 2,4-DB

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
pp. 1340-1344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thompson Demetrio Pizzolato ◽  
David L. Regehr
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Cell Enlargement ◽  
Secondary Phloem ◽  
Anatomical Changes ◽  
Phloem Parenchyma ◽  
Cortical Parenchyma ◽  
Parenchyma Cells ◽  
Radial Cell ◽  
Orderly Fashion ◽  
Stimulation Of

An aqueous spray of 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid (2,4-DB) induces anatomical changes in young Glycine internodes. Four days after spraying, the first symptoms appear outside the cambium when the interfascicular parenchyma cells and the adjacent cortical parenchyma cells enlarge and divide in several planes. Four days later, the metaphloem parenchyma cells in many of the leaf traces undergo considerable periclinal cell division and extensive radial cell enlargement. The phloem parenchyma cells of the late metaphloem and first secondary phloem enlarge and divide in a less orderly fashion. Fifteen days after treatment, the cortical parenchyma is modified into a band of radially seriate cells above the protophloem fibers. Products of this cambium-like region convert the cortex into a callus-like tissue. The size of starch grains is reduced initially in the phloem and xylem and later in the cortex. It appears that the stimuli produced by 2,4-DB move into the internode via the metaphloem of leaf traces. Despite the rapid obliteration of conducting phloem by the 2,4-DB induced stimulation of phloem parenchyma, an accelerated differentiation of secondary phloem compensates for this loss.

scholarly journals An investigation on the anatomical structure and relationships of the labyrinth in the reptile, the bird, and the mammal

1908 ◽  
Vol 80 (543) ◽  
pp. 507-528 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Round Window ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
The Subject

The object of this paper is to give a description of the labyrinth of certain animals, illustrating the organ when it is viewed as a whole in examples chosen from the reptiles, birds and mammals. The method of preparation employed was that devised by the writer and described in the “Labyrinth of animals,” vol. 1, p. 8. By the use of this method new facts have been brought to light, and these enable us to elucidate certain relationships in the anatomical structures which have hitherto been obscure and which anatomists are not agreed upon. The structures referred to are, the aqueduct of the perilymph, the perilymph recess and the round window. A special portion of the paper, therefore, has been directed to this aspect of the subject.

Extracellular diffusion pathway for heartwood substances in Albizia julibrissin Durazz.

Holzforschung ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 495-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunhua Zhang ◽  
Minoru Fujita ◽  
Keiji Takabe
Keyword(s):  
Wood Fiber ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cellular Distribution ◽  
Intercellular Spaces ◽  
Albizia Julibrissin ◽  
Diffusion Pathway ◽  
Dimensional Network ◽  
Parenchyma Cells ◽  
Ray Parenchyma ◽  
Ray Parenchyma Cells

Abstract A three-dimensional network of intercellular spaces, deemed an extracellular diffusion pathway for heartwood substances, was detected in Albizia julibrissin. Electron microscopy revealed a large number of blind pits in ray parenchyma cells, most facing intercellular spaces. Heartwood substances, which are synthesized in the ray parenchyma cells, are released not only into neighboring cells through pit pairs, but also into the intercellular spaces through the blind pits. There were two types of wood fiber in the heartwood region: one with a lumen surface lined with heartwood substances and one that lacked such lining on its lumen surface. This finding supports the observation that the cellular distribution of heartwood substances is not homogenous throughout the heartwood. There was no positive correlation, however, between this uneven distribution and the distance of a wood fiber from the ray.

scholarly journals Method to Determine the Root Canal Anatomic Dimension by using a New Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Software

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike R Bueno ◽  
Cyntia R.A. Estrela ◽  
José Mauro Granjeiro ◽  
Manoel D. Sousa-Neto ◽  
Carlos Estrela
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Intermediate Position ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Correct Position ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Cbct Image

Abstract This study discusses a method to determine the root canal anatomic dimension by using e-Vol DX software. The methodology consists in initially establishes the correct positions which will be measured, define the point on the edge of the anatomical structure, and next adjust the intermediate position in the grayscale of CBCT image. Afterward, thin sections (0.10 mm) are obtained from 3D reconstructed slices in the filter for the measurements, in order to determine the edge of the anatomical surface in the axial plane. A replication of positions in 3D mode is done in multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) of CBCT images, where the correct position is established with the aid of a positioning guide. The 3D density is adjusted so that it is in the same dimension as the 2D image, and a dimension calibration occurs to the point where there is a coincidence between 3D and 2D. This calibration is done only at the beginning of the measurement. Next, the intermediate position of the division between the grayscale is verified in the CBCT scan. Once one side has been completed, it is moved to the other side and follows the same guidelines described above. When setting the position of the courses in the other margin, being that 2D mode is used as reference. Thus, one obtains the required measure, being checked in the two points. The creation of this filter in the e-Vol DX software for measurement, and its appropriate management, allows more effective applications when it is desired to obtain diameters of anatomical structures.

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