Anatomical investigation of four taxa of Scutellaria albida L. (Lamiaceae)

The root, trunk and leaf anatomy of four taxa of Scutellaria albida namely, S. albida subsp. albida, S. albida subsp. velenovskyi, S. albida subsp. colchica and S. albida subsp. condensata were examined. The aim is to determine whether these characters can be used for systematic purposes. The roots displays a typical stele structure in all studied taxa. But their number of pith rays are different in each taxa. The stems of S. albida taxa have square like transection, collateral vascular bundles, parenchymatous pith and show 1-2 layered epidermis coated with thick cuticle. S. albida subsp. condensata has papillate epicuticular wax on its stem cuticle layer. In all taxa angular collenchyma, and cambium forming phloem outward and xylem inward are observed. The leaves are hypostomatic, have single rowed epidermis coated with thick cuticle and show dorsiventral mesophyll in all studied taxa. S. albida subsp. velenovskyi has echinate epicuticular wax on its leaf cuticle layer, but the others have smooth cuticle layer. The midrib shows one collateral bundles in all taxa but the shape of median veins of the leaf blade show variation in each taxa. Some of the anatomical characters viz. the number of pith rays of roots, the number of palisade parenchyma layer, plant cuticles covered by wax, the shape of median veins of the leaf blade and stomata index, provide information of taxonomical significance for these taxa.

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Leaf anatomy and micromorphology of six Posoqueria Aublet species (Rubiaceae)

Rodriguésia ◽

10.1590/2175-7860201061311 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 61 (3) ◽

pp. 505-518 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Rosani do Carmo de Oliveira Arruda ◽

Doria Maria Saiter Gomes ◽

Aline Carvalho de Azevedo ◽

Michelle Lima Magalhães ◽

Mario Gomes

Keyword(s):

Leaf Anatomy ◽

Leaf Blade ◽

Vascular System ◽

Glandular Trichomes ◽

Atlantic Rain Forest ◽

Leaf Margin ◽

Anticlinal Wall ◽

Wax Deposition ◽

Palisade Parenchyma ◽

Cuticular Layer

Abstract The present study deals with the leaf anatomy and leaf surface of Posoqueria acutifolia Mart., P. latifolia Mart., P. longiflora Aublet, P. macropus Mart., P. palustris (Rudge) Roem. and Posoqueria sp., collected in fragments of Atlantic rain forest, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The epicuticular wax may occur in the form of filaments, granules or crusts. The leaves are covered by a thick cuticular layer that may be smooth or striated. Paracytic stomata, and non-glandular trichomes are limited to the abaxial surface; the latter are numerous in P. palustris, and rare in P. longiflora and P. latifolia. Leaves have a dorsiventral structure, with only one layer of palisade parenchyma and varied amounts of spongy parenchyma. Idioblasts containing crystalliferous sand were observed, and were more abundant in P. latifolia. The leaf blade vascular system is formed by collateral bundles with a parenchymatous sheath, associated with fibers. The vascular system of the petiole and the leaf blade forms an arch. Some of the anatomical features observed can be used to distinguish the species studied. Anatomical leaf characters could be used in the recognition of six species of Posoqueria studied, such as anticlinal wall of epidermal cells, wax deposition, trichomes and shape of the leaf margin.

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Senna pluribracteata (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae), a New Species from Paraíba State, Brazil, with Notes on Leaf Anatomy

Systematic Botany ◽

10.1600/036364421x16231782047325 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 352-360

Author(s):

Flávio Sousa Souto ◽

Rubens Teixeira de Queiroz ◽

Maria de Fátima Agra

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Atlantic Forest ◽

Leaf Anatomy ◽

Single Layer ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

Palisade Parenchyma ◽

Abaxial Surface ◽

Field Collection ◽

Anatomical Characters ◽

A New Species

Abstract— A new species of the genus Senna from the Atlantic Forest of Paraíba State, Brazil, is described and illustrated based on a field collection, traditional taxonomic methodologies, and the analysis of Senna collections at RB and the main herbaria in northeastern Brazil. Morphologically, Senna pluribracteata is related to a group of four species of Senna sect. Chamaefistula ser. Bacillares: S. macranthera, S. pinheiroi, S. rizzinii, and S. rugosa, although S. pluribracteata has a set of distinctive anatomical characters that differentiate it: two extrafloral nectaries between leaflets in the rachis; large and conspicuous elliptic bracts 7.0‐9.0 mm long along the inflorescence peduncle; the epidermis on the abaxial surface is conspicuously and compactly papillose; the rounded leaflet margins have palisade parenchyma near the apex; the mesophyll is dorsiventral with a single layer of palisade parenchyma, with isodiametric cells occupying approximately 60% of that structure; the petiole has a somewhat pentagonal shape and is planar adaxially; the rachis is obdeltoid and planar adaxially. Morphological and leaf anatomical descriptions, and a key to identifying the seven species of Senna ser. Bacillares found in Paraíba State are provided. The morphological and anatomical affinities of S. pluribracteata and its allied taxa are discussed.

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Leaf anatomy and morphometry in three eucalypt clones treated with glyphosate

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/s1519-69842009000100016 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 69 (1) ◽

pp. 129-136 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

LD. Tuffi Santos ◽

BF. Sant'Anna-Santos ◽

RMSA. Meira ◽

FA. Ferreira ◽

RAS. Tiburcio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Leaf Senescence ◽

Leaf Anatomy ◽

Leaf Blade ◽

Visual Analysis ◽

Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽

Spongy Parenchyma ◽

Palisade Parenchyma ◽

Microscopic Scale ◽

Blade Thickness ◽

Glyphosate Drift

This work aimed to evaluate the effects of simulated drift of glyphosate on the morphoanatomy of three eucalypt clones and to correlate the intoxication symptoms on a microscopic scale with those observed in this visual analysis. The effects of glyphosate drift were proportional to the five doses tested, with Eucalyptus urophylla being more tolerant to the herbicide than E. grandis and urograndis hybrid. The symptoms of intoxication which were similar for the different clones at 7 and 15 days after application were characterized by leaf wilting, chlorosis and curling and, at the highest rates, by necrosis, leaf senescence and death. Anatomically glyphosate doses higher than 86.4 g.ha-1 caused cellular plasmolysis, hypertrophy and hyperplasia, formation of the cicatrization tissue and dead cells on the adaxial epidermis. The spongy parenchyma had a decrease, and the palisade parenchyma and leaf blade thickness had an increase. The increased thickness in leaf blade and palisade parenchyma may be related to the plant response to glyphosate action, as a form of recovering the photosynthetically active area reduced by necroses and leaf senescence caused by the herbicide.

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Leaf anatomy of the South African Danthonieae (Poaceae). V. Merxmuellera macowanii, M. davyi and M. aureocephala

Bothalia ◽

10.4102/abc.v13i3/4.1356 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 13 (3/4) ◽

pp. 493-500

Author(s):

R. P. Ellis

Keyword(s):

Light Microscopy ◽

South African ◽

Vascular Bundle ◽

Leaf Anatomy ◽

Related Species ◽

Leaf Blade ◽

Vascular Bundles ◽

The South ◽

Species Groups

Transverse sections and abaxial epidermal scrapes, of herbarium and freshly fixed leaf blade material, of Merxmuellera macowanii (Stapf) Conert, M. davyi (C. E. Hubb.) Conert and M. aureocephala (J. G. Anders.) Conert, were examined using light microscopy. The leaf anatomy o f these three species is very similar in all respects with the exception o f certain M. aureocephala specimens. In addition, the anatomy indicates a relationship between these three species and M. disticha (Nees) Conert. This group of species differs anatomically from M. stricta (Schrad.) Nees, and related species such as M. drakensbergensis (Schweick.) Conert and M. stereophylla (J. G. Anders.) Conert, in the sequence of vascular bundles along the width of the leaf blade and associated characters. However, the M. aureocephala specimens, not having the M. disticha type of vascular bundle arrangement, anatomically resemble the M. stricta group of species, and M. aureocephala appears to be intermediate between these two species groups.resemble the M. stricta group of species, and M. aureocephala appears to be intermediate between these two species groups.

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Leaf anatomy of the South African Danthonieae (Poaceae). VI. Merxmuellera arundinacea and M. cincta

Bothalia ◽

10.4102/abc.v14i1.1146 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 89-93

Author(s):

R. P. Ellis

Keyword(s):

South African ◽

Leaf Anatomy ◽

Leaf Blade ◽

Unique Feature ◽

Transverse Section ◽

Vascular Bundles ◽

The South ◽

First Order

The leaf blade anatomy and the abaxial epidermal histology of Merxmuellera arundinacea (Berg.) Conert and M. cincta (Nees) Conert are described and illustrated. These two species resemble one another morphologically and are the only representatives of the genus with open, expanded leaves. They are, nevertheless, clearly distinct anatomically, particularly in the structure of the leaf blade as viewed in transverse section. The anatomy of M. cincta is noteworthy in the possession of additional vascular bundles located immediately below the first order vascular bundles. This vertical arrangement of bundles at differing levels is a unique feature of M. cincta and possibly indicates a need for taxonomic adjustment.

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Taxonomy and leaf anatomy of the genus Ehrharta (Poaceae) in southern Africa: the Ramosa group

Bothalia ◽

10.4102/abc.v19i2.959 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 189-207

Author(s):

G. E. Gibbs Russel ◽

R. P. Ellis

Keyword(s):

Southern Africa ◽

Leaf Anatomy ◽

Species Group ◽

Epicuticular Wax ◽

Anatomical Characters ◽

Relationship Of ◽

Distal Cell

The Ramosa species group in the genus Ehrharta is distinguished morphologically by small spikelets with sterile lemmas similar to each other, with tips rounded, truncate or mucronate, with sides glabrous, scabrous or shortly hairy, and with bases appendaged and usually bearded. The rectangular intercostal long cells with sinuous walls, the dome-shaped stomata with a raised rim surrounding the pore aperture, the absence of epicuticular wax and the microhairs without a tapering distal cell are diagnostic anatomically. The Ramosa group is composed of two species: E. ramosa (Thunb.) Swartz subsp. ramosa, subsp. aphylla (Schrad.) Gibbs Russell and E. rehmannii Stapf subsp. rehmannii; subsp. filiformis (Nees) Gibbs Russell; subsp. subspicata (Stapf) Gibbs Russell. All taxa are linked by intermediates to one or two others in the group. The closest relationship of the Ramosa group is to the Calyeina species group, on the basis of both morphological and anatomical characters.

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Diversity of leaf anatomy within a single leaflet and between leaflets of four Butia (Arecaceae, Arecoideae) species

PhytoKeys ◽

10.3897/phytokeys.180.66018 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 180 ◽

pp. 31-52

Author(s):

Larry R. Noblick ◽

Bruno F. Sant’anna-Santos

Keyword(s):

Leaf Anatomy ◽

Leaf Blade ◽

Identification Key ◽

Population Differences ◽

Environmental Condition ◽

Separate Species ◽

Single Leaf ◽

Anatomical Characters ◽

Leaflet Anatomy ◽

Growing Conditions

This paper is an investigation into how the anatomy changes within a leaflet and between the leaflets of a single leaf blade of Butia. Four species of Butia were studied: Butia paraguayensis, B. eriospatha, B. yatay and B. odorata. Changes in the anatomical characters are important because some have been used in keys to help separate the species. Recently, anatomical mid-rib characters were used in a key to separate species of Butia. We found that characters, such as abaxially projected or rounded mid-rib fibrous ring or number and arrangement of accessory bundles, do change within a single leaflet or between the leaflets of a single leaf blade. Growing conditions and leaf developmental maturity are also important factors that influence leaflet anatomy and may cause one to be misled in an identification key based on anatomical characters. We re-emphasize the importance of always sampling from the same part of the leaf, to have a broader sampling, be attentive to the environmental condition and health of the plant from which you are sampling and to consider population differences.

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Leaf anatomy of the genus Passerina (Thymelaeaceae): taxonomic and ecological significance

Bothalia ◽

10.4102/abc.v31i1.507 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 53-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

C. L. Bredenkamp ◽

A. E. Van Wyk

Keyword(s):

Species Recognition ◽

Anatomical Variation ◽

Anatomical Study ◽

Cape Floristic Region ◽

Vascular Bundles ◽

Palisade Parenchyma ◽

Cuticular Membrane ◽

Anatomical Features ◽

Structural Types ◽

Anatomical Characters

A comparative anatomical study was made of the genus Passerina comprising 20 species and four subspecies, most of which are endemic to southern Africa. It showed that anatomical variation is useful in species recognition and classification. Anatomical characters typical of Thymelaeaceae and displayed in Passerina include isobilateral leaves, a papillate cuticular membrane, mucilaginous epidermal cell walls, a parenchymatous bundle sheath and extraxylary sclerenchyma fibres. Vascular bundles of the leaf lack intraxylary phloem. Characters common to Passerina are inverse-dorsiventral and epis- tomatic leaves, inverted palisade parenchyma and an abaxial hvpodermal sclerenchymatous sheath. Orientation of the main vascular bundle in relation to the epidermis and mesophyll allows the recognition of four leaf structural types and ten states, according to which all species can be characterized and grouped. Functionally many anatomical features of the leaf in Passerina are interpreted as adaptations to the Mediterranean climate of the Cape Floristic Region, where most species occur.

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Leaf anatomy of the South African Danthonieae (Poaceae). VII. Merxmuellera dura and M. rangei

Bothalia ◽

10.4102/abc.v14i1.1147 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 95-99 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

R. P. Ellis

Keyword(s):

South African ◽

Leaf Anatomy ◽

Leaf Blade ◽

Unique Feature ◽

Transverse Section ◽

Vascular Bundles ◽

The South ◽

First Order

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Morphoanatomy of three Indigofera species (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) in Java, Indonesia

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d211162 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (11) ◽

Author(s):

Henta Fugarasti ◽

Muzzazinah MUZZAZINAH ◽

Murni Ramli

Keyword(s):

Secondary Xylem ◽

Optical Microscope ◽

Vascular Bundles ◽

Secondary Phloem ◽

Palisade Parenchyma ◽

Anatomical Studies ◽

Anatomical Features ◽

Cambium Activity ◽

Xylem Elements ◽

Anatomical Characters

Abstract. Fugarasti H, Muzzazinah, Ramli M. 2020. Morphoanatomy of three Indigofera species (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) in Java Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 5531-5538. This study aimed to explore the morphological and detailed anatomical features of the stems, leaves, and roots from three Indonesian Indigofera species. Morphological-anatomical studies of three Indonesian Indigofera species were carried out using embedded microscopic preparations. The anatomical characters of the specimens were observed using a compound optical microscope with magnification 40x, 100x, and 400x. The observation showed the anatomical cross-section of I. tinctoria stem was rectangular, I. suffruticosa was hexagonal, and I. arrecta was rounded. The tissue structures of Indigofera species, from the outside layer, were the epidermis, thin cortex, secondary phloem (narrow or wide), thick secondary xylem, and conspicuous pith in the middle. Whilst, the corner of I. suffruticosa stem contained thick collenchyma. The vascular bundles were the open collateral. The leaves of Indigofera species are made up of the upper epidermis, mesophyll (palisade parenchyma, spongy parenchyma), and the lower epidermis. The vascular bundles were located in the middle, with five or six segments of the xylem elements and small groups of phloem elements, all in the parallel lines. The primary stele type of the roots is actinostele, cambium activity pushed him aside. The vascular bundle of the roots consisted of a dense and tight secondary xylem composed of thick-walled circular vessels (mostly tightly arranged). Data about the morphoanatomy structure of three Indonesian Indigofera species could complement the novelty of the morpho-anatomy information records obtained by previous researchers.

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