scholarly journals Post-Irradiation Ageing Effect on Cytological Characters of Crotalaria Saltiana

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
ABS Shah ◽  
A Akhter ◽  
A Naz ◽  
MM Ud-Deen ◽  
G Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
Ageing Effect ◽  
Interphase Chromosome ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
Post Irradiation ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Higher Doses

Post-irradiation ageing effect on different cytological characters of Crotalaria saltiana were studied. Mitotic index followed no decreasing or increasing tendency based on the doses of gamma rays. Interphase chromosome volume was not found to increase with an increase of gamma rays. Percentage of pollen sterility was found to be lower in the lower doses and higher in the higher doses. Irregularities such as, formation of fragments, bridges, laggards, single and multiple chromatid bridges, unequal distribution and abnormal nuclear arrangement were recorded. This study reflects that irradiated seeds of Crotalaria saltiana showed no such dose wise effect and that might be due to ageing effect for long time. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/rujs.v38i0.16551 Rajshahi University J. of Sci. 38, 87-95 (2010)

scholarly journals Post-Irradiation Ageing Effect on Morphological Characters of Crotalaria saltiana

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 89-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
ABS Shah ◽  
MM Ud-Deen ◽  
A Naz ◽  
JK Sarker ◽  
G Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Ageing Effect ◽  
Free Condition ◽  
Seed Germinability ◽  
Post Irradiation ◽  
Different Doses

Post-irradiation ageing effect on seed germinability and different morphological characters of Crotalaria saltiana were studied in the year of 2006. Germination percentage of Crotalaria saltiana seeds treated with different doses of gamma rays, aged for 32 years in moisture free condition showed remarkable variation. Plants grown from the treated seeds of all the doses showed diversity among themselves regarding their morphological characters. Such as plant height was found to reduce in lower doses and this character showed no such consistent result. Leaf irregularities such as, invaginated margin, inverted margin with blunt apex, leaf with bifurcated apex, small size and dented margin, etc. were recorded. Key words: Post-irradiation ageing effect, Morphological characters, Crotalaria saltiana.   DOI:10.3329/jbs.v16i0.3747 J. bio-sci. 16: 89-93, 2008

EMS, sodium azide and gamma rays induced meiotic anomalies in Delphinium malabaricum (Huth) Munz

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 64-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Firdose R. Kolar ◽  
Sandeep R. Pai ◽  
Ghansham B. Dixit
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Sodium Azide ◽  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
Chromosomal Anomalies ◽  
Multinucleated Cells ◽  
Meiotic Configuration ◽  
Mother Cells ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Chromatin Bridges ◽  
Meiotic Anomalies

Meiotic cell division is a dynamic cellular process controlled by a large number of genes that act from premeiotic to postmeiotic mitosis. Mutation in these genes may cause anomalies that impair plant fertility. In this study, an attempt has therefore been made to understand the effects of ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS), sodium azide (SA) and gamma rays on the meiotic configuration of Delphinium malabaricum. The results demonstrated that the mutagens cause various types of cytological aberrations, such as univalents, chromatin bridges, laggards, fragments, stickiness and multinucleated cells. The maximum aberrations were found at higher doses/concentrations of the mutagens. The highest percentage of pollen mother cells showing abnormalities was induced by EMS followed by gamma rays and SA. The mutagen impact on chromosomal anomalies increased the frequency of pollen sterility.

scholarly journals GAMMA RAY - INDUCED MITOTIC ABNORMALITIES IN Helianthus annuus L. VARIETY EKIZ 1 / LOS RAYOS DE GAMMA CAUSA ANORMALIDADES MITOTICAS EN Helianthus annuus L. VARIEDAD DE EKIZ 1 / LES ANORMALITÉS MITOTIQUES CHARGÉÉS DES RAYONS GAMMA

Helia ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (35) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Orhan Arslan ◽  
Şenol Bal ◽  
Nilgün Venice ◽  
Semra Mirici
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Metaphase Chromosome ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Dose Increase ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Mitotic Abnormalities ◽  
Chromosome Stickiness

SUMMARYIn this study, mitotic effects of gamma rays on Ekiz 1 variety belonging to Helianthus annuus L. (2n= 34) in the M0 (first irradiated seeds), M1 and M2 generations have been investigated. Seeds (M0) were irradiated with gamma rays at 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 kR doses. Percentage of total abnormalities in the M0, M1 and M2 generations increased parallel to the increasing dose of radiation. These abnormalites have been observed as C-metaphase, chromosome stickiness, laggards and bridges with or without fragment. Mitotic index (M.I.) in the M0, M1 and M2 generations has decreased parallel to the dose increase. When the generations are compared, both the amounts of decrease in mitotic index and in the percentage of mitotic abnormalities were mostly observed in M0.

Ysis Prescription and Peritoneal Membrane Transport Characteristics on Nutritional Status

1995 ◽  
Vol 15 (5_suppl) ◽  
pp. 20-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Burkart
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Membrane Transport ◽  
Peritoneal Membrane ◽  
Dialysis Dose ◽  
Irreversible Damage ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Unique Challenge ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Higher Doses

These data suggest that dialysis dose is one of the major determinants of protein and energy intake in PD patients and that higher doses of dialysis tend to improve outcome. The data also suggest that with a long time on PD the peritoneal membrane probably has some underlying histological changes that preclude it from optimally responding to injury and may predispose it to irreversible damage. A possible early finding in this case is an increase in peritoneal transport in patients whose transport was initially stable. Peritoneal membrane transport properties are an important determinant of not only dialysis dose, but also nutritional status via both direct and indirect means. It is therefore important to identify the individual patient's peritoneal membrane transport characteristics. These transport characteristics may change over time. High transporters on CAPD represent a unique challenge. They have ultrafiltration problems and a tendency toward protein malnutrition presumably due to increased dialysate protein losses while on CAPD. One must consider that malnutrition in a rapid transporter may be due to the fact that the patient is on the wrong PD therapy. A change to NIPD may rectify some of the biochemical parameters, but these patients may not always improve. Reasons for this occasional lack of improvement are multifactorial, but emphasize our need to look at each patient as an individual and not focus only on laboratory parameters.

scholarly journals Winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) mutation depression under gamma-rays action

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Nazarenko ◽  
◽  
Y. Lykholat ◽  
V. Savosko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Yield Structure ◽  
Local Breeding

The purpose of our investigation was to identify the features of the depressive effects of the aftereffect of different doses of gamma-rays on winter wheat varieties of local breeding in terms of germination, survival, morphometry, yield. The parameters of germination and survival, the passage of the main phases of ontogenesis in winter wheat plants of French varieties (Courtiot and Gallixe) at the first generation were studied. The influence of mutagenic depression on parameters of yield structure (morphometry of mature plants) was established and the level of their variability was estimated too. In 2019 - 2020, experiments were conducted in the research fields of the research center of the Dnieper State Agrarian and Economic University. The experiments used seeds of Courtiot and Gallixe varieties, irradiated with gamma rays in doses of 100, 150, 200, 250, 300 Gy. Control was dry seeds. The variety Gallixe can be classified as resistant to gamma-rays, the variety Courtiotwas corresponded to high-sensitive. Parameter of germination and survival were directly correlated with increasing dose, with a dose of 200 Gy already semi-lethal, a dose of 250 Gy for variety Courtiot was sublethal, 300 Gy doze full-lethal, for the variety Gallixe sublethal was 300 Gy dose by which almost no plant material was obtained. Such parameters as plant height, weight of grain from the main spike and weight of thousand grains, partially (except for doses of 100-150 Gy) weight of grain from the plant reliably reproduce the mutagenic depression. Depression of the variety is affected by the dose of mutagen more than the genotype of the variety; the plant height parameter clearly demonstrates mutagenic depression. According to the results of factor and discriminant analysis as indicators affected by genotype-mutagenic interaction should be used germination and survival, pollen sterility, plant height, grain weight per spike, weight of thousand grains. Doses of 100 - 200 Gy are optimal for further use to obtain mutations; it is possible to use a dose of 250 Gy for the variety Gallixe.

Sensitization of Aspergillus flavus spores to gamma radiation by halogens

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 1431-1434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirza Mohyuddin ◽  
W. P. Skoropad
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Survival Curves ◽  
Higher Doses

Survival curves for spores of Aspergillus flavus Link var. columnaris Raper and Fennell were obtained after their irradiation with gamma rays in the presence of Na+, K+, and Ca2+ halogens. Halogens of Na+ and K+ sensitized the spores to the radiation and enhanced sensitization occurred as the dose of radiation was increased. Halogens of Ca2+ protected the spores against a radiation dose of 25 krad but at higher doses although CaCl2 was protective, CaBr2 and CaI2 were radiosensitizers, with CaI2 the most efficient radiosensitizer.

scholarly journals Effects of Co 60 Gamma Irradiation on Corn Pollen

1969 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
Vicente Rodríguez ◽  
D. B. Linden
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Corn Pollen ◽  
Dose Levels ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Germinated Seeds

Corn tassels were irradiated using Co 60 gamma rays at dose levels from 250 to 20,000 r. Twenty-four and forty-eight hours after irradiation the pollen was collected from the tassels and used to fertilize ears. The quantity of good seeds per ear, the germination percentage of these good seeds, and the seedling height 7 and 14 days later of the plants from these germinated seeds were recorded. No seeds were obtained beyond 4,000 r. There was little effect from pollen used 24 hours after treatment compared ivith pollen used 48 hours after treatment for any of the characters measured. There was a general dose response for number of good seeds per ear, and also in the percentage of germination of those seeds classified as good. The higher doses reduced both numbers of good seeds and their germination. There was no evident dose response of seedling height, if the seed did germinate it grew about as well as any at the dose levels measured.

EFFETS DE L’IRRADIATION AUX RAYONS GAMMA SUR LA CONSERVATION DU BROCOLI (Brassica oleracea var. Italica)

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 871-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. LOPÉZ-DOMINGUEZ ◽  
F. CASTAIGNE ◽  
F. CHEOUR ◽  
J. ARUL ◽  
C. WILLEMOT
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Applied Dose ◽  
Bud Opening ◽  
Subsequent Storage ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
General Appearance

The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the effect of different doses of irradiation on broccoli tissues during subsequent storage, to establish whether a 1 kGy dose was detrimental to the tissue, and to describe the effects at higher doses. Irradiation strongly stimulated respiration, even at 1 kGy, in proportion to the applied dose. This enhancement reached 70% at 5 kGy. The rate of respiration of control and irradiated samples decreased during the 7 wk of storage, but that of the irradiated samples remained higher than that of the control throughout the experiment. Yellowing of the inflorescence, as measured by the Gardner colorimeter, was strongly accelerated at 1 kGy. Chlorophyll loss was greater in the irradiated samples than in the control, in the inflorescence, and even more in the stems. The general appearance of the flower heads (yellowing, bud opening) confirmed that irradiation at 1 kGy accelerated maturation of broccoli. This dose is less than that generally required for control of surface microorganisms of horticultural crops during storage.Key words: Broccoli, Brassica oleracea, irradiation, gamma rays, chlorophyll, storage

scholarly journals Cytological Effect of Herbicides on Hexaploid Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Akhter ◽  
R Rani ◽  
S Munira ◽  
MM Ud-Deen ◽  
G Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Chromosomal Anomalies ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Interphase Chromosome ◽  
Cytological Effect ◽  
Chromosome Fragments ◽  
Mother Cells

Context: In order to control weeds many chemicals are being used. It is well known that the chromosomal constitution of the cells may be changed as a result of herbicide treatment.Objectives: This investigation was made to study the cytological effects of herbicides on somatic and germ cells of hexaploid wheat. Materials and Methods: Two herbicides namely, Fielder and Ronstar were used with three different concentrations along with control. Treatment duration was 12 hours for each of the concentrations. Seeds of hexaploid wheat were treated and the roots emerged from them were studied for mitotic study. A part of the treated seeds were sown in earthen pots and pollen mother cells along with pollen grain were studied from the plants aroused from these treated seeds. Results: Mitotic index were high as well as low in most of the treatments compared to that of control but did not show any clear relationship based on increasing or decreasing of the doses of herbicides. Interphase chromosome volume was found to decrease in case of Fielder however, increased in case of Ronstar with increasing the concentration of herbicides. Percentage of pollen sterility was found to increase with increasing the concentration of both herbicides. Main chromosomal irregularities were chromosome fragments, bridges, laggards, single and multiple chromatid bridges etc.  Conclusion: Generally it is reported that any chemical might have effect on the plant cells. Mainly investigations have evidenced that the chromosomal anomalies caused by radiation and chemical mutagen is very much common matter now. The herbicides used in the present study showed similar type of radiomimetic effect in the plant cells. Therefore it may be suggested that herbicides should be used in agricultural field maintaining their proper concentration. Key words: Herbicides; Cytological effect; Wheat.DOI: 10.3329/jbs.v17i0.7095J. bio-sci. 17: 21-26, 2009

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