scholarly journals Springtails (Collembola) in meadows, pastures and road verges in Central Finland

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atte Komonen ◽  
Saana Kataja-aho
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Soil Fauna ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Sampling Schemes ◽  
Biodiversity Inventories ◽  
Road Verges ◽  
Habitat Affinities

Understanding of species distribution, abundance and habitat affinities is crucial for red-list assessment, conservation and habitat management. In Central Finland, we studied Collembola in three habitat types, namely non-grazedmeadows, pastures and road verges using pitfall traps. Altogether, 9,630 Collembola individuals were recorded. These belonged to 12 families, 34 genera and 60 species. The number of specimens was clearly higher in meadows than in pastures or road verges. The number of species, however, was higher in meadows and road verges (40 and 39 species, respectively) than in pastures (33 species). The overall species number is comparable to other large-scale sampling schemes in similar habitats. We recorded a few abundant species (Spatulosminthurus flaviceps, Sminthurus viridis and Sminthurus nigromaculatus) that have been previously recorded from very different biotopes. In conclusion, biodiversity inventories of soil fauna, as well as other biota, should also include marginal habitats, which often host peculiar communities.

scholarly journals Species co-occurrence networks of ground beetles in managed grasslands

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merja Elo ◽  
Tarmo Ketola ◽  
Atte Komonen
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Management ◽  
Ground Beetle ◽  
Environmental Filtering ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Species Traits ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Species Response ◽  
Grassland Type ◽  
Road Verges

AbstractGrassland biodiversity, including traditional rural biotopes maintained by traditional agricultural practices, has become threatened worldwide. Road verges have been suggested to be complementary or compensatory habitats for species inhabiting grasslands. Species co-occurrence patterns linked with species traits can be used to separate between the different mechanisms (stochasticity, environmental filtering, biotic interactions) behind community structure. Here, we study species co-occurrence networks and underlying mechanisms of ground beetle species (Carabidae) in three different managed grassland types (meadows, pastures, road verges, n = 12 in each type) in Central Finland. We aimed to find out whether road verges can be considered as compensatory to traditional rural biotopes (meadows and pastures). We found that stochasticity explained over 90% of the pairwise co-occurrences, and the non-random co-occurrences were best explained by environmental filtering, regardless of the grassland type. However, the identities and traits of the species showing non-random co-occurrences differed among the habitat types. Thus, environmental factors behind environmental filtering differ among the habitat types and are related to the site-specific characteristics and variation therein. This poses challenges to habitat management since the species’ response to management action may depend on the site-specific characteristics. Although road verges are not fully compensatory to meadows and pastures, the high similarity of species richness and the high level of shared species suggest that for carabids road verges may be corridors connecting the sparse network of the remaining traditional rural biotopes.

scholarly journals Do the assemblages of benthic macroinvertebrates in nearshore waters of Western Australia vary among habitat types, zones and seasons?

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.D. Wildsmith ◽  
I.C. Potter ◽  
F.J. Valesini ◽  
M.E. Platell
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Benthic Macroinvertebrates ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Subtidal Zone ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Environmental Characteristics ◽  
Deposit Feeding ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Benthic macroinvertebrates were sampled seasonally in the subtidal and upper and lower swash zones at two sites in each of six nearshore habitat types on the lower west coast of Australia. The habitat types, which differed mainly in the extent of their exposure to wave activity and whether sea grass and/or nearshore reefs were present, had been distinguished quantitatively using values for a suite of seven statistically-selected enduring environmental characteristics (Valesini et al., 2003). The core samples yielded 121 species representing eight phyla, among which the Polychaeta, Malacostraca and Bivalvia were the most speciose classes, contributing ∼38, 23 and 10%, respectively, to the total number of individuals. The total number of species and mean density of macroinvertebrates at the most protected habitat type (1), i.e. 70 and 209·2 individuals 0·1 m−2, respectively, were far greater than in any other habitat type. Habitat type influenced species composition to a greater extent than either zone or season. Furthermore, the extents of the differences among the species compositions of the six habitat types statistically matched the extents of the differences among the values for the suite of enduring environmental characteristics that distinguished each of those habitat types. Overall, the species composition at habitat type 1 was the most distinct, containing five abundant species of polychaetes that were adapted to deposit-feeding in calm waters with high levels of organic material and which were rare in all other habitat types. In contrast, the fauna at the most exposed habitat type was characterized by four crustacean species and a species of bivalve and polychaete, whose mobility and tough external surface facilitated their survival and feeding in turbulent waters. The zonal differences in faunal compositions among habitat types were greatest in the case of the subtidal zone. The faunal compositions differed among zones and seasons only at the most protected habitat type.

scholarly journals Responses of Bat Communities (Mammalia: Chiroptera) to Forest Loss and Habitat Conversion in Southern Cameroon

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 194008292110103
Author(s):  
Patrick Jules Atagana ◽  
Eric Moïse Bakwo Fils ◽  
Sevilor Kekeunou
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Habitat Transformation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Southern Cameroon ◽  
Habitat Conversion ◽  
Species Specific

We aimed to assess how bats are affected by habitat transformation by comparing bat assemblages in four habitat types: primary forest, secondary forest, cocoa plantations and human habitations in the Dja Biosphere Reserve of southern Cameroon. Bats were sampled in the four habitat types using mist nets. During 126 nights, a total of 413 bats were captured, belonging to four families, 16 genera and 24 species. Ninety three individuals (17 species) were captured in the primary forest, followed by plantations (105 individuals, 14 species), human habitations (159 individuals, 10 species), and secondary forest (55 individuals, eight species). Megaloglossus woermanni was recorded in all the four habitats, and was the most abundant species (105 individuals). The analysis of bat assemblage between habitat types showed a statistically significant difference in species composition. The distribution of the six most abundant species ( Epomops franqueti, Megaloglossus woermanni, Rousettus aegyptiacus, Dohyrina cyclops, Hipposideros cf. caffer and Hipposideros cf. ruber) was influenced by habitat types. Our results suggest that the decrease in species richness observed in disturbed habitats may be due to habitat perturbations of primary forest habitats. Therefore, it is important to examine the effects of habitat conversion at species level, as responses are often species-specific.

Non-target effects of the ‘push–pull’ habitat management strategy: Parasitoid activity and soil fauna abundance

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 1045-1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles A.O. Midega ◽  
Zeyaur R. Khan ◽  
Johnnie Van den Berg ◽  
Callistus K.P.O. Ogol ◽  
Toby J. Bruce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategy ◽  
Habitat Management ◽  
Soil Fauna ◽  
Target Effects

scholarly journals Adult caddisflies (Trichoptera) attracted to artificial lights in the middle reaches of the Shinano River from 2005 to 2007

Zoosymposia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
KIMIO HIRABAYASHI ◽  
GORO KIMURA ◽  
EISO INOUE
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Seasonal Abundance ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Summer Flood

The species composition and abundance of adult caddisflies attracted to the illuminated showcase of a vending machine set along the middle reaches of the Shinano River were investigated every Sunday night from April to November in 2005 to 2007. A total of 1,405 adult caddisflies was collected during the investigation periods. We identified a total of 13 species belonging to 11 genera of 8 families. The most abundant species was Psychomyia acutipennis (Ulmer 1908) each year. Psychomyia acutipennis adults were collected from mid-May to the beginning of October (the range of mean air temperature was 13.8 to 27.7°C), with its seasonal abundance divided into several peaks, i.e., the end of May, the beginning of June, and the end of August to the beginning of September in both 2006 and 2007. On the other hand, in 2005 when there was no large-scale summer flood and there were no marked abundance peaks. The present study suggests that the mean air temperature and summer floods impacted the seasonal abundance of P. acutipennis adults.

scholarly journals Diversity of Amphibians and Reptiles at Chiremera Locality, Vanduzi - Mozambique

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
António C. Manhice ◽  
Crizalda E. Simões ◽  
Moreno L. Zondane
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Habitat Types

Diversity of amphibians and reptiles was studied at Chiremera locality in Manica Province, Mozambique. To the best of our knowledge, no herpetofauna study has been done at the Chiremera locality. Globally the herpetofauna of Mozambique remains poorly documented compared to other areas of southern Africa [1]. The study aims to assess the diversity of amphibians and reptiles at Chiremera locality. The data was collected using two techniques: Visual Search and Intercept and pit fall traps. The data was collected in two habitat types: wild areas and human altered areas. We recorded on the wild areas 91 individual of amphibians (18 species, 10 genera and 9 families). The human altered areas had a total of 27 individual amphibians, (4 species, 4 genera and 4 families). Hemisus marmoratus (marbled snout-burrower) was the most abundant species in the two habitats, accounting for 26.3% of all individuals identified. The Shannon winner of amphibians was higher at the wild areas (H '= 2, 1) and lower in the human altered area (H' = 1, 2). A total of 24 individual reptiles were recorded on the wild areas (7 species, 7 genera and 5 families). In contrast to human altered areas we recorded (5 species, 3 Genera, and 3 families). Bitis arietans (puff adder) was the most abundant reptile accounting for 26% of all individuals identified. The Shannon wiener of reptiles was (H’=1, 6) at the wild areas and (H’=1, 5) at the human altered areas. Four rare species namely Hyperolius acuticeps (sharp-headed long reed frog), Hyperolius benguellensis (Benguella long reed frog), Ptychadena subpunctata (spotted ridged frog) all amphibians and Naja mossambica (Mozambique spitting cobra) - reptile were detected during our study. The result of the current study revealed that effect of human altered areas on the richness and abundance of amphibians and reptiles.

scholarly journals Habitat Restoration as a Key Conservation Lever for Woodland Caribou: A review of restoration programs and key learnings from Alberta

Rangifer ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Bentham ◽  
Brian Coupal
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Habitat Restoration ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Program Planning ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Tree Planting ◽  
Woodland Caribou ◽  
Recovery Strategy

The Recovery Strategy for the Woodland Caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou), Boreal Population in Canada (EC, 2012), identifies coordinated actions to reclaim woodland caribou habitat as a key step to meeting current and future caribou population objectives. Actions include restoring industrial landscape features such as roads, seismic lines, pipelines, cut-lines, and cleared areas in an effort to reduce landscape fragmentation and the changes in caribou population dynamics associated with changing predator-prey dynamics in highly fragmented landscapes. Reliance on habitat restoration as a recovery action within the federal recovery strategy is high, considering all Alberta populations have less than 65% undisturbed habitat, which is identified in the recovery strategy as a threshold providing a 60% chance that a local population will be self-sustaining. Alberta’s Provincial Woodland Caribou Policy also identifies habitat restoration as a critical component of long-term caribou habitat management. We review and discuss the history of caribou habitat restoration programs in Alberta and present outcomes and highlights of a caribou habitat restoration workshop attended by over 80 representatives from oil and gas, forestry, provincial and federal regulators, academia and consulting who have worked on restoration programs. Restoration initiatives in Alberta began in 2001 and have generally focused on construction methods, revegetation treatments, access control programs, and limiting plant species favourable to alternate prey. Specific treatments include tree planting initiatives, coarse woody debris management along linear features, and efforts for multi-company and multi-stakeholder coordinated habitat restoration on caribou range. Lessons learned from these programs have been incorporated into large scale habitat restoration projects near Grande Prairie, Cold Lake, and Fort McMurray. A key outcome of our review is the opportunity to provide a unified approach for restoration program planning, best practices, key performance indicators, and monitoring considerations for future programs within Canada.

Benthic Habitats and the Effects of Fishing

2005 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Scale Effects ◽  
Ecosystem Processes ◽  
Fishing Effort ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Benthic Habitats ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Ecosystem Effects ◽  
Ecosystem Based Fisheries Management

<strong><em>Abstract. </em></strong>We review the impacts of towed gears on benthic habitats and communities and predict the consequences of these impacts for ecosystem processes. Our emphasis is on the additive and synergistic large-scale effects of fishing, and we assess how changes in the distribution of fishing activity following management action are likely to affect production, turnover time, and nutrient fluxes in ecosystems. Analyses of the large-scale effects of fishing disturbance show that the initial effects of fishing on a habitat have greater ecosystem consequences than repeated fishing in fished areas. As a result, patchy fishing effort distributions have lower total impacts on the ecosystem than random or uniform effort distributions. In most fisheries, the distribution of annual fishing effort within habitats is more patchy than random, and patterns of effort are maintained from year to year. Our analyses suggest that many vulnerable species and habitats have only persisted in heavily fished ecosystems because effort is patchy. Ecosystem-based fisheries management involves taking account of the ecosystem effects of fishing when setting management objectives. One step that can be taken toward ecosystem-based fisheries management is to make an a priori assessment of the ecosystem effects of proposed management actions such as catch controls, effort controls, and technical measures. We suggest a process for predicting the ecosystem consequences of management action. This requires information on habitat distributions, models to predict changes in the spatial distribution of fleets following management action, and models of the impacts of trawling disturbance on ecosystem processes. For each proposed management action, the change in disturbance affecting different habitat types would be predicted and used to forecast the consequences for the ecosystem. These simulations would be used to produce a decision table, quantifying the consequences of alternative management actions. Actions that minimize the ecosystem effects of fishing could then be identified. In data-poor situations, we suggest that management strategies that maintain or maximize the patchiness of effort within habitat types are more consistent with the precautionary approach than those that lead to more uniform fishing effort distributions.

Habitat-specific distributions of some fishes in a tropical estuary

1996 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 827 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Sheaves
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Epinephelus Coioides ◽  
Tropical Estuary ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Fish Traps ◽  
Tropical Australia ◽  
Sampling Trip ◽  
Probability Of Capture

The species richness of fishes and the distributions of six fish species were compared among four habitat types, snaggy banks, clear banks, mud banks and mid channels, in an estuary in tropical Australia. Both day and night samples were collected in fish traps, on four occasions, three months apart. On each sampling trip the highest number of species was trapped from snaggy habitats, intermediate numbers from clear banks or mud banks, and the fewest species from mid channels. Although more species occurred in night than in day samples, the pattern of difference among habitats was consistent. The probability of capture of the six most abundant species, Acanthopagrus australis, Acanthopagrus berda, Arothron manilensis, Arius argyropleuron, Epinephelus coioides and Lutjanus russelli, was compared among habitat types and between day and night samples. Overall, snag habitats tended to be associated with high probabilities of capture of a number of species, particularly A. berda and L. russelli. At night, mid channels were characterized by high numbers of A. argyropleuron. Clear and mud banks, and day samples from mid channels were associated with low numbers of most species.

Orchid—phorophyte relationships in a forest watershed in Puerto Rico

1993 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis E. Migenis ◽  
James D. Ackerman
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Luquillo Experimental Forest ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Host Trees ◽  
Dacryodes Excelsa ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Guarea Guidonia ◽  
Tropical Watershed

ABSTRACTOrchid diversity, distribution and host specificity were examined in a tropical watershed in the Luquillo Experimental Forest of Puerto Rico. Eleven orchid species occur in the area. The low diversity is attributed to island isolation and large-scale hurricane disturbances. Pleurothallis ruscifolia and Maxillaria coccinea were by far the most abundant species in the area and occurred on the largest number of host species and host zones. None of the orchids were host specific or host zone specialists although preferences for hosts and vertical host zones were encountered.Only 8.2% of the 426 trees and shrubs and 24.4% of the 45 species surveyed were orchid phorophytes (= hosts). Examination of host distribution by diameter at breast height (DBH) showed that 80.5% were greater than 16 cm DBH. Orchid species in the area tend to occur on rough bark hosts, but their preferences are not statistically significant. Guarea guidonia (Meliaceae) and Dacryodes excelsa (Burseraceae) are the two most important orchid hosts in our study site comprising 62.9% of all host trees. Careful management of these two tree species is suggested, since these species may be crucial to the maintenance of orchid abundance and diversity in the area.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document