scholarly journals Neurolaw: is the Dialogue between Neuroscience and Law Inevitable?

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (89) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dovilė Valančienė
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
Judicial Decision ◽  
Complex Dynamic ◽  
Judicial Decision Making ◽  
New Science ◽  
Complex Dynamic Systems ◽  
New Association ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Conceptual Overview

Research  background  and  hypothesis.  Today,  more  and  more  discussions  arise  about  the  effect  of  a  new science – postmodern, of complex dynamic systems – on the science of law. The law science is encouraged to be open both internally and externally with other sciences. The new science encourages other sciences to seek for dialogue, connection and integration; one example of this is neurolaw. Neurolaw is an association of neuroscience and law science aiming at a clearer understanding and coming closer to the truth than it was before, using the achievements of neuroscience. This is a new association which causes much debate. How can it help the law? Is this just a temporary fashion? These are topical issues for the law science to move towards perfection, and for the neuroscience to be adaptable and very important to other sciences. Research aim. A conceptual overview of the essence of neuroscience and neurolaw, answering the question about how neuroscience can help the law, and if the dialogue between them is inevitable or just a temporary fashion.Research methods. Systematic and logical analysis of the relationship between neuroscience and law.Discussion and conclusions. Neurolaw is an inevitable dialogue between law and neuroscience. This is the integration of the two sciences in order to get a clearer understanding of complex legal issues when we deal with people’s destinies, and most important, to answer what is true in a particular case. We cannot say that this is just a temporary fashion, more scientific research is carried out and with the help of this dialogue more cases can achieve the equitable solution. On the other hand, various studies related to the judicial decision-making are important to neurolaw, as they look into how decisions are made, what influences them, etc. Conceptualizing this integration as well as the importance and the scope of the dialogue between these sciences, we can say that law science will inevitably face major changes in this area. The future of this inevitable integration depends on how scientists will be able to communicate and achieve the fairest goals for us.Keywords: integration, changes, the new science.

scholarly journals Paradigm errors in the old biomedical science

Medicina ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 356
Author(s):  
Albertas Skurvydas
Keyword(s):  
Chaos Theory ◽  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
Biomedical Science ◽  
Complex Dynamic ◽  
New Science ◽  
Complex Dynamic Systems ◽  
The World ◽  
Dynamic Phenomena

The aim of this article was to review the basic drawbacks of the deterministic and reductionistic thinking in biomedical science and to provide ways for dealing with them. The present paradigm of research in biomedical science has not got rid of the errors of the old science yet, i.e. the errors of absolute determinism and reductionism. These errors restrict the view and thinking of scholars engaged in the studies of complex and dynamic phenomena and mechanisms. Recently, discussions on science paradigm aimed at spreading the new science paradigm that of complex dynamic systems as well as chaos theory are in progress all over the world. It is for the nearest future to show which of the two, the old or the new science, will be the winner. We have come to the main conclusion that deterministic and reductionistic thinking applied in improper way can cause substantial damage rather than prove benefits for biomedicine science.

scholarly journals Naujojo – sudėtingųjų dinaminių sistemų – mokslo įtaka teisės mokslui

Teisė ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 197-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dovilė Valančienė
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Complex Dynamic ◽  
New Science ◽  
Complex Dynamic Systems ◽  
Law And Science

Keičiantis mokslo paradigmai, neišvengiamai kyla klausimas, kokią įtaką naujasis – sudėtingųjų dina­minių sistemų – mokslas daro teisės mokslui. Labai svarbu, bandant atsakyti į šį klausimą, suvokti, kad teisės ir mokslo santykio klausimas vis dar yra svarbus. Todėl šiame straipsnyje pirmiausia siekiama pa­grįsti teisės ir mokslo santykio problemos svarbą ir atskleisti pagrindinius naujojo mokslo paradigmos bruožus, o galiausiai – atsakyti į klausimą, kokią įtaką naujasis mokslas daro teisės mokslui. In the period of the paradigm shift in science we come across the inevitable question: what influence the new science – the science of complex dynamic systems – has on the science of law? Looking for the answer to this question it is very important to understand that the issue of the relation between law and science is still of great importance. Thus, this article firstly seeks to substantiate the importance of the problem concerning the relation between law and science, to reveal the main peculiarities of the new science paradigm, and finally, to answer the question what influence the new science has on the science of law.

The Limits of the Plannable: Stability and Complexity in Planning and Planned Systems

1977 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1189-1192 ◽  
Author(s):  
G F Chadwick
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
Critical Level ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Complex Dynamic ◽  
Complex Dynamic Systems ◽  
Requisite Variety ◽  
Large Systems ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

The paper considers work by Gardner and Ashby on the relationship between the connectivity of large systems and their stability, which suggests that all large complex dynamic systems will have a critical level of connectance beyond which they will go suddenly unstable. Further evidence by May on ecological systems supports this view. Reliability in systems, that is maintenance of stability of critical values over long periods of time, is held by Ashby to flow from such systems not being fully joined or connected. It is suggested that these considerations must apply also to attempts to plan and control the future of socioeconomic systems, both in relation to the planned system itself, and to the planning system which tries to invoke requisite variety to control the planned system. Stable systems in planning are thus seen as small, probably subsystemic in nature, not fully-joined, and hence hierarchical in structure. ‘Central’ planning results in instability because of size and complexity of control systems needed, and ‘equality’ is not a sustainable concept, as it requires or implies full connectedness. Finally, three kinds of system situations are put forward as representing gradations of stability and thus of ‘plannability’ or design possibility. These situations tend to show the limits of the plannable.

scholarly journals Variability as normal as apple pie

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (s2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjolijn Verspoor ◽  
Wander Lowie ◽  
Kees de Bot
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
Dynamic Systems Theory ◽  
Complex Dynamic ◽  
Controlled Processes ◽  
Complex Dynamic Systems ◽  
L2 Development ◽  
Limited Degree ◽  
Development Phases ◽  
Longitudinal Case Studies ◽  
Over Time

Abstract In recent studies in second language (L2) development, notably within the focus of Complex Dynamic Systems Theory (CDST), non-systematic variation has been extensively studied as intra-individual variation, which we will refer to as variability. This paper argues that variability is functional and is needed for development. With examples of four longitudinal case studies we hope to show that variability over time provides valuable information about the process of development. Phases of increased variability in linguistic constructions are often a sign that the learner is trying out different constructions, and as such variability can be evidence for change, and change can be learning. Also, a limited degree of variability is inherent in automatic or controlled processes. Conversely, the absence of variability is likely to show that no learning is going on or the system is frozen.

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