scholarly journals A Narrative Literature Review of the Psychological Hindrances Affecting Return to Sport After Injuries

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
Ashley Sweeney ◽  
Stephanie Swanberg ◽  
Suzan Kamel-ElSayed
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Sports Injuries ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Return To Sport ◽  
Acl Injury ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Acl Injuries ◽  
Narrative Literature ◽  
Narrative Literature Review ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

After different sports injuries, athletes may experience various psychological emotions in response to such injuries, which could lead an athlete to feel stressed. These emotions include anger, fear, frustration, anxiety, and depression which may lead to lack of confidence in returning to their sport and/or fear of sustaining a new injury. This narrative review aims to determine the possible psychological hindrances present when an athlete is planning on returning to sport after injury to an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) or after sustaining a concussion. The synthesized information for this review has been collected from researching the databases PubMed, SportDiscus, PsycInfo, and Google Scholar using search terms including “return to sport”, “ACL injury”, “concussion”, and “psychology”. Journal articles needed to be in English and published in the years 2009-2019; books and unpublished abstracts were excluded. A total of 42 studies were included and analyzed using deductive coding to organize and synthesize relevant articles into themes. The review summarizes the shared common and the different psychological hindrances that may be found in athletes after an ACL injury or concussion. Shared psychological characteristics for returning to sport following either an ACL injury or concussion included fear, self-esteem, control, anxiety, stress, recovery, and social support. Discovering the common and unique psychological barriers which may affect the injured athletes from returning to sport can help educate athletes’ families, coaches, and healthcare professionals, as well as promote discussions for the future to help athletes feel more secure in their return to their respective sport. KEYWORDS: ACL Injuries; Concussions; Sport Injuries; Athletes; Narrative Literature Review; Psychological Hindrances; Psychological Characteristics; Return to Sport; Psychology

Influence of hip strength on acl injury related biomechanics during the cutting maneuver in preadolescent students (practical implication for physical education teachers and sports pedagogues)

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-146
Author(s):  
Milos Petrovic ◽  
◽  
Vladimir Puzovich ◽  
Jorgelina Ramos ◽  
Stanislav Skrkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Practical Implication ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Return To Sport ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Acl Injury ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Hip Strength ◽  
Acl Injuries ◽  
Hip Abductor ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are one of the most serious injuries of the lower limb and can result in a relatively low rate of return to sport and decreased quality of life in later years, as well as to the psychological attitude towards sports among young people. Previous research has investigated the interaction between the hip muscles and knee valgus moments where some studies have concluded that decreased hip abductor and external rotator strength is a risk factor for ACL injury, but no research has been conducted on preadolescent population. Data from 271 students (174 girls), age 9-12 where collected while performing cutting manoeuvre and the isometric maximal voluntary contraction of hip external rotators and abductors. Our results show that no significant correlation where found between the hip strength does not influence the knee VM during the cutting manoeuvre in this age group which is in line with many previous studies conducted on older population.

ACL reconstruction in the professional or elite athlete: state of the art

2021 ◽  
pp. jisakos-2020-000456
Author(s):  
Rafael A Buerba ◽  
Stefano Zaffagnini ◽  
Ryosuke Kuroda ◽  
Volker Musahl
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Elite Athlete ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Return To Sport ◽  
Acl Injury ◽  
Peak Performance ◽  
Acl Injuries ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are on the rise at all levels of sport, including elite athletics. ACL injury can have implications on the athlete’s sport longevity, as well as other long-term consequences, such as the development of future knee osteoarthritis. In the elite athlete, ACL injury can also have ramifications in terms of contract/scholastic obligations, sponsorships and revenue-generating potential. Although the goal of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is to return any athlete to the same preinjury level of sport, management of ACL injuries in the elite athlete come with the additional challenge of returning him or her to an extremely high level of physical performance. Despite outcome studies after ACLR in elite athletes showing a high return-to-sport rate, these studies also show that very few athletes are able to return to sport at the same level of performance. They also show that those athletes who undergo ACLR have careers that are more short-lived in comparison to those without injury. Thus, returning an elite athlete to ‘near peak’ performance may not be good enough for the athletic demands of elite-level sports. A possible explanation for the variability in outcomes is the great diversity seen in the management of ACL injuries in the elite athlete in terms of rehabilitation, graft choices, portal drilling and reconstruction techniques. Recently, the advent of anatomical, individualised ACLR has shown improved results in ACLR outcomes. However, larger-scale studies with long-term follow-ups are needed to better understand the outcomes of modern ACLR techniques—particularly with the rise of quadriceps tendon as an autograft choice and the addition of lateral extra-articular tenodesis procedures. The purpose of this article was thus to provide an up-to-date state-of-the-art review in the management of ACL injuries in the elite athlete.

Uncovering the Mechanism of Soft Tissue Injuries Associated With ACL Tear

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Orsi ◽  
A. Vaziri ◽  
S. Chakravarthy ◽  
P. K. Canavan ◽  
R. Goebel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Sports Injuries ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Soft Tissue Injuries ◽  
Acl Injury ◽  
Epidemiology Study ◽  
Collateral Ligament ◽  
Acl Injuries ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
The U.S

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is a common and painful injury that occurs approximately 250,000 times annually in the U.S. [1]. Articular cartilage and meniscal injuries are also associated with ACL injuries [2]. ACL injuries can often lead to degenerative osteoarthritis of the articular cartilage [2]. An epidemiology study of athletic injuries by Majewski et al. [3] determined that out of 19,530 sports injuries, 20% were ACL injuries and 8% were medial collateral ligament (MCL) injuries.

Management of the female anterior cruciate ligament: current concepts

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-127
Author(s):  
Nicholas Vaudreuil ◽  
Justin Roe ◽  
Lucy Salmon ◽  
Elvire Servien ◽  
Carola van Eck
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Return To Sport ◽  
Acl Injury ◽  
Acl Injuries ◽  
Unique Challenge ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

Female athletes represent a unique challenge for sports medicine providers. Care for skeletally mature female athletes requires an understanding of the distinct physiology, risk factors and injury patterns that have been described in this population. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are commonly observed in female athletes, especially in high-risk sports such as soccer, basketball, lacrosse and volleyball. Women have been shown to be at a higher risk for ACL injury compared with their male peers, even competing in the same sport. Several factors must be considered when discussing the increased risk of ACL injuries in women. Anatomic factors and altered landing mechanics alignment contribute to increased forces seen at the ACL. A variety of other factors including altered neuromuscular profiles, hormonal factors and genetic factors may all play a role in increased predisposition towards ACL injury. Prevention strategies for ACL such as proprioceptive training may be helpful, especially for at-risk activities such as landing and cutting drills. Optimal surgical management including graft choice is an area of debate. Postoperatively, return to sport protocols are not well standardised for female athletes. Women have a lower return to sport frequency, and psychological factors such as fear of reinjury are often cited as a predominant factor. Overall, the influence of female gender on ACL injury treatment has been an area of heavy research recently. However, more research is needed to elicit the reasons for physical and psychological differences between men and women in order to clarify optimal postoperative management.

Revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Outcomes in Younger Patients: Medial Meniscal Pathology and High Rates of Return to Sport Are Associated With Third ACL Injuries

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 1137-1142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate E. Webster ◽  
Julian A. Feller ◽  
Alexander J. Kimp ◽  
Timothy S. Whitehead
Keyword(s):  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Revision Surgery ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Return To Sport ◽  
Acl Injury ◽  
Acl Injuries ◽  
Younger Patients ◽  
Meniscal Pathology ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Knee Pathology

Background: There are limited data evaluating the outcomes of revision anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery in younger patients despite recent reports that the rates of graft rupture are higher in young cohorts. Purpose: To explore the outcomes of revision ACL reconstruction surgery in younger patients with the specific aims of determining the rates of third ACL injury and whether knee pathology at the time of revision surgery and return to sport were associated with further injury. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: The study cohort consisted of 151 consecutive patients who were aged 25 years or younger at the time of their first revision ACL reconstruction. The number of subsequent ACL injuries (graft rerupture or contralateral injury to the native ACL) was determined at a mean follow-up time of 4.5 years (range, 2-9 years). Surgical details were recorded, along with a range of sport participation outcomes. Contingency tables were used to assess the associations between subsequent ACL injury and return to sport, knee pathology, and the drilling of new femoral or tibial tunnels at revision surgery. Results: The follow-up rate was 85% (128/151). Graft reruptures occurred in 20 patients (16%) at a mean time of 2 years after revision surgery. Contralateral ACL injuries occurred in 15 patients (12%) at a mean time of 3.9 years. The total number of patients who had a third ACL injury was 35 (27%). There was a significant association between having medial meniscal pathology and sustaining a graft rerupture ( P = .03), but there was no association between graft rerupture and using the same tunnels from the primary procedure at revision surgery. After revision reconstruction, 68% of patients (95% CI, 55%-71%) returned to their preinjury level of sport, compared with 83% (95% CI, 69%-84%) after primary reconstruction in the same patients. Those who had a third ACL injury had a significantly higher rate of return to preinjury sport (83%) after the revision procedure than did the group that did not have further ACL injuries (62%, P = .02). Conclusion: Younger patients are at significant risk of having multiple ACL injuries. The high rate of third ACL injuries presents a significant issue for future knee health in these young athletes. Medial meniscal pathology and returning to high-risk sport are factors that are significantly associated with the high multiple ACL injury rate in the young.

scholarly journals Rehabilitation and Return to Sport Assessment after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: Quantifying Joint Kinematics during Complex High-Speed Tasks through Wearable Sensors

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2331
Author(s):  
Stefano Di Paolo ◽  
Nicola Francesco Lopomo ◽  
Francesco Della Villa ◽  
Gabriele Paolini ◽  
Giulio Figari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Excellent Agreement ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Return To Sport ◽  
Acl Injury ◽  
Wearable Sensor ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Full Body

The aim of the present study was to quantify joint kinematics through a wearable sensor system in multidirectional high-speed complex movements used in a protocol for rehabilitation and return to sport assessment after Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injury, and to validate it against a gold standard optoelectronic marker-based system. Thirty-four healthy athletes were evaluated through a full-body wearable sensor (MTw Awinda, Xsens) and a marker-based optoelectronic (Vicon Nexus, Vicon) system during the execution of three tasks: drop jump, forward sprint, and 90° change of direction. Clinically relevant joint angles of lower limbs and trunk were compared through Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r), and the Coefficient of Multiple Correlation (CMC). An excellent agreement (r > 0.94, CMC > 0.96) was found for knee and hip sagittal plane kinematics in all the movements. A fair-to-excellent agreement was found for frontal (r 0.55–0.96, CMC 0.63–0.96) and transverse (r 0.45–0.84, CMC 0.59–0.90) plane kinematics. Movement complexity slightly affected the agreement between the systems. The system based on wearable sensors showed fair-to-excellent concurrent validity in the evaluation of the specific joint parameters commonly used in rehabilitation and return to sport assessment after ACL injury for complex movements. The ACL professionals could benefit from full-body wearable technology in the on-field rehabilitation of athletes.

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