scholarly journals Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Extra-axial Tumor

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Anggraini Dwi Sensusiati
Keyword(s):  
Structural Mri ◽  
Malignant Meningioma ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Full Extension ◽  
Inflammatory Lesions ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Neurogenic Origin ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Mri

The first step in making decision of intra-cranial tumors is the location of tumor, whether intra- or extra-axial. After localized the lesion we make differential diagnosis that relevant to the location. Once we made the decision, we make the characterization of the tumors. With MRI it is easier to make this decision compared to CT.Meningiomas constitute the most common extra-axial tumors of the brain. Contrast-enhanced MRI can easily detect the location of the tumor, the full extension of the tumor, sinus invasion and/or thrombosis, vascularity, intra-cranial edema, and intra-osseous extension. WHO grades meningiomas in 3 types which are typical, atypical, and malignant meningioma. With structural MRI, MR Spectroscopy, MR perfusion and some methods we can grade this type.Tumors of neurogenic origin such as schwannomas, neurofibromas, neuromas may be similar in appearance. MRI can help distinguishing these tumors with meningiomas. Another extra-axial lesion located in bone or arachnoid is metastases. Contrast-enhanced T2-FLAIR can easily detect these lesions, but inflammatory lesions may also simulate dural metastase. Other extra-axial tumors are choroid plexus masses, non-neoplastic masses (epidermoids, dermoids, teratomas, lipomas). The location as well as specific appearances on imaging will guide us to a specific diagnosis.

scholarly journals ADNEXAL MASSES;

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasira Sultana ◽  
Faran Nasrullah ◽  
Shahlisa Hameedi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Transabdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
Adnexal Masses ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Mri

Objectives: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of transabdominal ultrasonography and contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, in the differentiation of benign and malignant adnexal masses. Study Design: A prospective comparative study. Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Radiology and Imaging (AFIRI), Rawalpindi from 16 Jun 2015 to 15Jun 2016. Methodology: 61 female patients with adnexal masses, irrespective of age, were evaluated with transabdominal ultrasonography and contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This was followed by surgery (either laporotomy or laproscopy) or ultrasound guided biopsy and then histopathology to characterize them as benign or malignant masses. Results: Diagnostic accuracy of contrast enhanced MRI for characterization of adnexal masses was 90.1%, while that of transabdominal ultrasonography was 72.1 %. Sensitivity and specificity of transabdominal ultrasonography was 100 % and 54 % respectively while positive predictive value was 58.5 % and negative predictive value was 100 %. Sensitivity and specificity of MRI was 95.8 % and 86.4 % respectively while positive predictive value was 82.1% while negative predictive value was 96.9 %. Conclusion: Contrast enhanced MRI has a superior diagnostic accuracy as compared to transabdominal ultrasonography in the characterization of adnexal masses into benign and malignant, which influences the mode of treatment and clinical outcome.

scholarly journals Native T1 mapping for characterization of acute and chronic myocardial infarction in swine: Comparison with contrast-enhanced MRI

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. spcone-spcone
Author(s):  
Xi Liu ◽  
Jiang-long Hou ◽  
Zhi-gang Yang ◽  
Chun-chao Xia ◽  
Lin-jun Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
T1 Mapping ◽  
Chronic Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Native T1 ◽  
Enhanced Mri ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Mri

Infection of the Central Nervous System

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caryn Rosmarin
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Aseptic Meningitis ◽  
White Cell Count ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Surrogate Markers ◽  
Neck Stiffness ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Mri

Meningism is the syndrome of the triad of symptoms of headache, neck stiffness, and photophobia caused by irritation of the meninges. While it is often associated with a diagnosis of meningitis, it is also present in other conditions causing meningeal irritation such as subarachnoid haemorrhage, trigeminal neuralgia, migraine, or febrile illness in children. Meningitis is process of inflammation of the meninges, which may or may not be due to an infectious agent. Strictly speaking, it is a pathological diagnosis, but in lieu of the impracticability of biopsying the meninges, surrogate markers are used to infer inflammation. These include raised cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) white cell count and protein; and meningeal enhancement using contrast enhanced MRI or CT of the brain. Encephalitis is process of inflammation of the brain parenchyma. Strictly speaking, it is again a pathological diagnosis, and again surrogate markers are used to infer this inflammation, although it is slightly more difficult due to the protected nature of the brain. CSF white cell count and protein are expected to be elevated and parenchymal inflammation may be seen on contrast enhanced MRI. Meningoencephalitis is a combination of the above with inflammation of both the meninges and the adjoining brain parenchyma. Aseptic meningitis is said to be present when there is meningism and signs of meningeal inflammation on CSF and imaging, but no bacterial cause is found on culture or molecular diagnostics. Viral meningitis is the commonest cause, although post-neurosurgical aseptic meningitis is often chemical in nature. Meningism plus fever are the classic symptoms of meningitis. The onset may be acute, subacute, or chronic, depending on the cause. Neck stiffness may range from mild discomfort to an almost rigid neck and is not a sensitive test in young children or elderly. While not used routinely and with low sensitivity particularly in young children and elderly, Kernig’s and Brudkzinski’s signs, both of which stretch the meninges worsening the irritation and increasing pain, have a good positive predictive value. Non-specific signs of intracranial pathology may be present, such as signs of raised intracranial pressure (ICP), vomiting, reduced level of consciousness, focal neurological signs, seizures, or irritability, especially in the immunocompromised, elderly, and young children who may not have classic signs and symptoms.

Contrast Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain Using Gadolinium-DTPA

1987 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 659-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Valk ◽  
R. G. M. de Slegte ◽  
F. C. Crezee ◽  
G. J. Hazenberg ◽  
S. I. Thjaha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Gadolinium Dtpa ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals If the skull fits: magnetic resonance imaging and microcomputed tomography for combined analysis of brain and skull phenotypes in the mouse

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (20) ◽  
pp. 992-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J. Nieman ◽  
Marissa C. Blank ◽  
Brian B. Roman ◽  
R. Mark Henkelman ◽  
Kathleen J. Millen
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Microcomputed Tomography ◽  
Complete Characterization ◽  
Mammalian Brain ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Brain

The mammalian brain and skull develop concurrently in a coordinated manner, consistently producing a brain and skull that fit tightly together. It is common that abnormalities in one are associated with related abnormalities in the other. However, this is not always the case. A complete characterization of the relationship between brain and skull phenotypes is necessary to understand the mechanisms that cause them to be coordinated or divergent and to provide perspective on the potential diagnostic or prognostic significance of brain and skull phenotypes. We demonstrate the combined use of magnetic resonance imaging and microcomputed tomography for analysis of brain and skull phenotypes in the mouse. Co-registration of brain and skull images allows comparison of the relationship between phenotypes in the brain and those in the skull. We observe a close fit between the brain and skull of two genetic mouse models that both show abnormal brain and skull phenotypes. Application of these three-dimensional image analyses in a broader range of mouse mutants will provide a map of the relationships between brain and skull phenotypes generally and allow characterization of patterns of similarities and differences.

scholarly journals Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging of the prostate: current concepts

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 292-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Kayat Bittencourt ◽  
Daniel Hausmann ◽  
Natalia Sabaneeff ◽  
Emerson Leandro Gasparetto ◽  
Jelle O. Barentsz
Keyword(s):  
Biological Properties ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diagnostic Confidence ◽  
Membrane Turnover ◽  
Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Weighted Sequences

Multiparametric MR (mpMR) imaging is rapidly evolving into the mainstay in prostate cancer (PCa) imaging. Generally, the examination consists of T2-weighted sequences, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) evaluation, and less often proton MR spectroscopy imaging (MRSI). Those functional techniques are related to biological properties of the tumor, so that DWI correlates to cellularity and Gleason scores, DCE correlates to angiogenesis, and MRSI correlates to cell membrane turnover. The combined use of those techniques enhances the diagnostic confidence and allows for better characterization of PCa. The present article reviews and illustrates the technical aspects and clinical applications of each component of mpMR imaging, in a practical approach from the urological standpoint.

scholarly journals Characterization of breast lesions using the 3D FIESTA sequence and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine S. Klifa ◽  
Ann Shimakawa ◽  
Zaker Siraj ◽  
Jessica E. Gibbs ◽  
Lisa J. Wilmes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Breast Lesions ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Contrast Enhanced
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