THE VALUE OF NAVIGATION SYSTEM IN COCHLEAR IMPLANTATION IN PATIENTS WITH ABNORMALITIES OF THE INTERNAL AND MIDDLE EAR

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
V.I. Fedoseev ◽  
◽  
N.A. Mileshina ◽  
E.V. Kurbatova ◽  
S.S. Osipenkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Congenital Malformation ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Navigation System ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Internal Auditory Canal ◽  
Mondini Dysplasia ◽  
Ct And Mri

The use of navigation system during the coclear implantation (CI) in patients with congenital and acquired malformation of the inner ear is necessary because of surgical difficulties. The purpose of our work is to evaluate the effectiveness of the navigation system in congenital and acquired anomalies of the middle and inner ear. Materials and methods The authors followed-up 27 children with bilateral congenital malformation of the inner ear and 58 patients with acquired cochlea obliteration (12 adults and 46 children with the acquired obliteration were included in the group). 55 patients have the acquired obliteration of the inner ear, 3 patients – the total obliteration of the inner ear. Audiological, CT and MRI were performed. All our patients the CI was performed. Conclusion.The use of navigation system during CI in patients with a combination of malformation of the inner and middle ear to increase the efficiency of surgical treatment. The duration of anesthesia and surgery in children with congenital malformation increases when navigation is applied All patients after meningitis or with the fracture of the temporal bone should be performed MRI The patients with an extension of the internal auditory canal, anomaly of Mondini dysplasia of the cochlear, the partial obliteration of the cochlea have good rehabilitation results after CI. The patients with the total obliteration of the inner ear have unsatisfactory results of rehabilitation.

S237 – Computerized Tomography in the Prediction of CSF Gusher

2008 ◽  
Vol 139 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. P154-P155
Author(s):  
Vanessa S Rothholtz ◽  
Mahmood F Mafee ◽  
Nancy M Young
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Computerized Tomography ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Internal Auditory Canal ◽  
Implant Surgery ◽  
Tegmen Tympani ◽  
Cochlear Implant Surgery ◽  
Temporal Bone Anatomy

Objectives 1) Identify anatomic variations of the temporal bone in children with and without cochlear malformations who experienced an intra-operative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) gusher at the time of cochlear implantation. 2) Compare the anatomic findings in the current study to those described in prior studies. Methods A retrospective case-controlled chart review was performed on patients undergoing cochlear implant surgery. Computerized tomography images were analyzed in a single-blind fashion for characteristics and measurements of both the right and left cochlea, internal auditory canal, cochlear aperture, facial nerve canal, vestibular aqueduct, cochlear aqueduct, oval window, round window, vestibule, mastoid, tegmen tympani and semi-circular canals. After verifying equal variances, data was statistically evaluated utilizing the paired 2-tailed t test with criterion for statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Results The average age at implantation for this series of children was 4 years old. 70% of patients had cochlear malformations. 25% of patients had an abnormal internal auditory canal (IAC) and 30% had a widened cochlear aperture. Most patients with an abnormal IAC had an abnormal cochlear aperture; however, some patients with a normal IAC also had an abnormal cochlear aperture. Correlations between the temporal bone anatomy and the incidence of CSF gushers will be discussed. Conclusions Specific characteristics of the temporal bone anatomy may lead to an increased incidence of CSF gusher in cochlear implant surgery. Computerized tomography of the temporal bone can assist in the surgeon in evaluation and planning for cochlear implantation.

Inner ear pathology in osteogenesis imperfecta congenita

1980 ◽  
Vol 94 (7) ◽  
pp. 697-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Igarashi ◽  
Austin I. King ◽  
C. Willy Schwenzfeier ◽  
Tsuneo Watanabe ◽  
Bobby R. Alford
Keyword(s):  
Osteogenesis Imperfecta ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Stria Vascularis ◽  
Bony Labyrinth ◽  
Congenital Form ◽  
Basal Zone ◽  
Ear Ossicles ◽  
Osteogenesis Imperfecta Congenita

AbstractThis temporal bone report describes the inner ear deformities which were found in addition to the bony pathology in a case of osteogenesis imperfecta congenita. The labyrinthine pathology includes anomalously positioned and enlarged vestibular spaces, the existence of a scala communis (on one side) and the existence of hematoxylin dark-stained material in the basal zone of the stria vascularis.The appearance of temporal bone reports of osteogenesis imperfecta congenita is sporadic. Friedmann (1974)described changes in the bony capsule in one case of osteogenesis imperfecta congenita Zajtchul and Lindsay(1975)reported three cases of the congenital form of osteogenesis imperfecta with their temporal bone findings. Within recent years, Altmann reported three cases in 1962, Bretlau and Jorgensen reported one case in 1969, Bergstrom and others reported one case in 1972, and Bergstrom described the temporal bone findings in four infants in 1977. The pathologic description of the temporal bone in osteogenesis imperfecta congenita has been focused more or less on the structures of the bony labyrinth and the middle ear ossicles, with a brief description of the inner ear. In this report, we describe anomalous inner ear structures in osteogenesis imperfecta congenita.

scholarly journals Stapedoplasty – Surgical Treatment of Hearing Loss Caused by Otosclerosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Jeļena Šaboviča ◽  
Renāta Klagiša
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Hearing Results ◽  
Functional Deficit ◽  
Human Temporal Bone

<p>Otosclerosis is a primary osteodystrophy which affects a localized area within the human temporal bone. Hearing loss is the most functional deficit caused by otosclerosis. However, tinnitus is frequently reported by otosclerotic patients, especially in those patients with inner ear involvement. The best therapy in achieving a significant improvement is surgery - stapedoplasty. Analysis of early hearing results (1 month after surgery) shows efficiency of surgical treatment and improvement in hearing.</p>

The ear

2021 ◽  
pp. 497-518
Author(s):  
Daniel R. van Gijn ◽  
Jonathan Dunne
Keyword(s):  
Inner Ear ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Semicircular Canals ◽  
Lateral Wall ◽  
Oval Window ◽  
External Ear ◽  
Membranous Labyrinth ◽  
Stapes Footplate ◽  
Petrous Temporal Bone

The delicate yet definitive deflections of the pinna (wing/fin) of the external ear contribute to the collection of sound. The external acoustic meatus is responsible for the transmission of sounds to the tympanic membrane, which in turn separates the external ear from the middle ear. The middle ear is an air filled (from the nasopharynx via the eustachian tube), mucous membrane lined space in the petrous temporal bone. It is separated from the inner ear by the medial wall of the tympanic cavity – bridged by the trio of ossicles. The inner ear refers to the bony and membranous labyrinth and their respective contents. The osseus labyrinth lies within the petrous temporal bone. It consists of the cochlea anteriorly, semicircular canals posterosuperiorly and intervening vestibule – the entrance hall to the inner ear whose lateral wall bears the oval window occupied by the stapes footplate.

Sequential Bilateral Cochlear Implantation in a Child with Severe External, Middle, and Inner Ear Malformations: Surgical Considerations and Practical Aspects

ORL ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Dejun Zhang ◽  
Yongyi Yuan ◽  
Yu Su ◽  
Guojian Wang ◽  
Chang Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Intraoperative Imaging ◽  
Preoperative Imaging ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Inner Ear Malformations ◽  
Facial Nerve Monitoring ◽  
Ear Malformations

Cochlear implantation (CI) is a safe and beneficial surgery for children with congenital inner ear malformations, with the exception of cochlear nerve aplasia. The combination of microtia with middle and inner ear abnormalities is extremely uncommon and sufficiently severe to make a surgical approach to the cochlea difficult. We report herein the case of a 2-year-old girl who presented with profound bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, congenital aural atresia, microtia, and inner ear malformations. High-resolution computed tomography revealed poor development of the bilateral middle ear spaces, absence of the incus and stapes, aberrant courses of facial nerves, aplastic lateral semicircular canals, and covered round windows. With intraoperative imaging assistance, sequential bilateral CI was performed using a transmastoid approach with no complication. We propose that CI is feasible in patients with severe external and middle ear malformations. However, major malformations increase the risk of complications. As the facial nerve and cochlea are difficult to locate due to the lack of important anatomical landmarks, detailed planning and adequate preparation, including review of the preoperative imaging data, and the use of facial nerve monitoring and intraoperative imaging are very important. In addition, experienced surgeons should perform CI to ensure the success of the operation.

Experimental Viral Infections of the Inner Ear II. Simian Virus 40 Induced Tumors of the Temporal Bone

1979 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry E. Davis ◽  
George T. Nager ◽  
Richard T. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Inner Ear ◽  
Choroid Plexus ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Choroid Plexus Papilloma ◽  
Internal Auditory Canal ◽  
Simian Virus 40 ◽  
Simian Virus ◽  
Cochlear Aqueduct ◽  
Temporal Bones

Pathological and virological studies were performed on temporal bones of 23 hamsters which developed tumors subsequent to neonatal inoculation of simian virus 40 (SV40). Four to five months after viral inoculation, 22 hamsters developed undifferentiated sarcomas in the subcutaneous space adjacent to the temporal bone. Nine tumors invaded the temporal bone, occasionally extending to the subarachnoid space but not to the inner ear. Choroid plexus papillomas developed in four animals, with one tumor demonstrating invasion of the cochlear aqueduct, internal auditory canal, and cochlear modiolus. Cells grown from a sarcoma and a choroid plexus papilloma contained tumor antigen and established that the tumors were SV40 virus induced.

Temporal Bone Findings in Cases of Salt Water Drowning

1983 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Kelemen
Keyword(s):  
Inner Ear ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Round Window ◽  
Scuba Diving ◽  
Serial Sections ◽  
Histopathological Findings ◽  
Histopathological Features ◽  
Temporal Bones

The otologic literature contains no description of the histopathological features of temporal bones of persons who perished in drowning accidents. Three temporal bones from two fatal cases of drowning were studied in serial sections. Two temporal bones were from a man aged 31 years who collapsed after scuba diving and died three days later. One temporal bone was from a 32-year-old man, serving in the navy, who drove his car, probably accidentally, into the sea and drowned in it. Histopathological findings appeared to be similar in the two cases. Diffuse hemorrhage was evident throughout the middle ear and inner ear. The tympanic and round window membranes appeared to be intact although hemorrhage had occurred within the tissue layers of the membranes. This finding contrasts with observations of ruptured membranes by other investigators.

Temporal Bone Histopathology of Necrotizing External Otitis

1981 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isamu Sando ◽  
Takehiko Harada ◽  
Reisuke Saito ◽  
Yasumasa Okano ◽  
Ralph J. Caparosa
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Granulation Tissue ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Internal Auditory Canal ◽  
Anterior Wall ◽  
External Otitis ◽  
Lateral Part ◽  
Necrotizing External Otitis ◽  
Infection Spread

Histopathological examination of the temporal bone of an individual with necrotizing external otitis revealed severe inflammation with necrosis in the subcutaneous granulation tissue in the external auditory canal. Erosion of the bony walls of the canal had created a defect in the anterior wall, through which infection spread to the preauricular region. The lateral part of the middle ear cavity was also filled with granulation tissue and purulent exudate. A dehiscence of the horizontal portion of the facial canal had apparently allowed spread of an inflammatory round cell infiltrate along the facial nerve up to the fundus of the internal auditory canal. The only evidence of inner ear pathology was the presence of eosinophilic fluid material in the perilymphatic spaces of the labyrinth. A review of other reports of cases of necrotizing external otitis seems to show that this is the only instance of this disease in which infection spread from the external canal through the tympanic membrane to the middle ear and thence to the internal auditory canal.

Diagnostic imaging in chronic otitis media: does CT and MRI fusion aid therapeutic decision making? – a pilot study

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Kusak ◽  
Oskar Rosiak ◽  
Marcin Durko ◽  
Piotr Grzelak ◽  
Wioletta Pietruszewska
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Histopathological Evaluation ◽  
Ct And Mri

Introduction: Despite the recent advances in otosurgery diagnosis of cholesteatoma and qualification for surgery remains an issue in contemporary laryngology. In cases of cholesteatoma recidivism, it is of utmost importance to properly locate the pathology in the middle ear to plan surgical approach. Magnetic Resonance imaging in diffusion weighted non-echoplanar sequences (non-EPI DWI) enables cholesteatoma detection as small as 2 mm and could potentially prevent unnecessary second-look surgery. Computed Tomography of the temporal bone allows precise visualization of bony structures and topographical landmarks of the middle ear. A fusion of both imaging modalities combines the advantages of these techniques. Material and methods: Five patients treated in the Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Lodz for probable cholesteatoma recidivism were included in this study. A high-resolution CT scan of the temporal bone and an MRI scan including non-EPI sequences was obtained in all patients. A fusion of CT and MRI studies was conducted using OsirixMD software. Fist, CT studies were fused with MRI BFFE sequences, then non-EPI sequences were added. Finally, if the patient qualified for surgical treatment histopathological diagnosis was compared with MRI results. Results: CT scans were analyzed to establish the extent of previous surgical interventions and anatomical landmarks preservation. In all cases MRI results were suspicious of cholesteatoma recidivism. Four cases were confirmed in postoperative histopathological evaluation, there was one false positive case when intraoperatively scar tissue was identified, which was later confirmed as connective tissue upon histopathological evaluation. Conclusions: CT and MRI fusion provides a helpful diagnostic tool in preparation for surgery in patients with suspected cholesteatoma recidivism. Key words: magnetic resonance, computed tomography, cholesteatoma, canal wall-up surgery

scholarly journals Cavernous Hemangiomas of the Temporal Bone

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Christine Dinh ◽  
Enrique Perez ◽  
Carmen Gomez-Fernandez ◽  
Christine Mei ◽  
Christine Dinh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Internal Auditory Canal ◽  
Vascular Tumors ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Retrospective Report ◽  
Cavernous Hemangiomas

Objective: We report two cases of cavernous hemangioma of the temporal bone and review the relevant literature. Design: Retrospective report of two cases and review of the English literature concerning cavernous hemangiomas of the ear via PubMed. Results: A 46-year-old male was found to have a large external auditory canal vascular mass. Excision of mass with endaural approach was taken and diagnosis was confirmed with histopathology. Also, a 35-yearold female was found to have an internal auditory canal vascular mass. Retrosigmoid craniotomy was performed for resection and diagnosis was confirmed with histopathology. Less than 120 case reports of cavernous hemangiomas of the ear were identified and analyzed. Conclusion: Cavernous hemangiomas of the ear are rare vascular tumors of the head and neck that can cause symptoms requiring histopathological diagnosis and surgical treatment.

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