scholarly journals Volatility and Dispersion in Business Growth Rates: Publicly Traded versus Privately Held Firms

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Davis ◽  
John Haltiwanger ◽  
Ron Jarmin ◽  
Javier Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Business Growth ◽  
Publicly Traded ◽  
Privately Held Firms ◽  
Privately Held

Volatility and Dispersion in Business Growth Rates: Publicly Traded versus Privately Held Firms [with Comments and Discussion]

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 107-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven J. Davis ◽  
John Haltiwanger ◽  
Ron Jarmin ◽  
Javier Miranda ◽  
Christopher Foote ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Business Growth ◽  
Publicly Traded ◽  
Privately Held Firms ◽  
Privately Held

Information asymmetry in CSR reporting: publicly-traded versus privately-held firms

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Emily Hickman
Keyword(s):  
Information Asymmetry ◽  
Global Reporting Initiative ◽  
Publicly Traded ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Public Firms ◽  
Csr Reporting ◽  
Reporting Decisions ◽  
Privately Held Firms ◽  
Privately Held

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the motivations behind the publication of corporate social responsibility (CSR) reports, and particularly the effect of information asymmetry between firms and their owners. Design/methodology/approach A natural experiment contrasting the CSR reporting of private vs public firms is used to test whether the degree of information asymmetry is a significant factor in the decision to publish CSR reports. Using a hand-collected sample of the 239 largest US private companies matched with publicly-traded firms, the effect of these inherently different information environments on CSR reporting is tested through logistic regression. Factors suggested by stakeholder and legitimacy theories are tested for their differential impact on private vs public firms’ decisions to publish a CSR report. Findings Results indicate that private firms are less likely to publish a CSR report than similar public firms. Public firms also follow Global Reporting Initiative guidelines more frequently, consistent with signaling report quality to dispersed investors. A subsample of private companies facing greater information asymmetry is found to be similar to public firms in their reporting behavior, reinforcing the link between information asymmetry and CSR disclosure. Further analysis suggests that non-owner stakeholders play an important role in private companies’ CSR reporting decisions. Practical implications In addition to accounting and governance scholars, the findings should interest private firm managers preparing for an initial public offering (IPO), as the evidence suggests that CSR reporting is used to communicate information to dispersed investors. The insight into reporting motivations should be useful to accountants engaged in CSR consultation and assurance. Social implications With the growing attention paid to the CSR performance of firms, demonstrated by the growth in socially responsible investing, the study provides evidence that effective communication of CSR information to investors may play a key role in CSR-engaged firms’ disclosure strategies. Originality/value To the best of the author’s knowledge, this study is the first to analyze the CSR reporting decisions of a large sample of publicly-traded and privately-held firms. The results add to our understanding of what motivates firms to publish CSR reports, highlighting the importance of information asymmetry between the firm and its owners.

scholarly journals Accruals, cash flows and earnings in european privately held firms

2013 ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Borja Amor Tapia ◽  
María Teresa Tascón Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Previous Literature ◽  
Private Firms ◽  
Publicly Traded ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Public Firms ◽  
Publicly Traded Firms ◽  
Privately Held Firms ◽  
Privately Held

Este trabajo examina las propiedades de los ajustes al devengo, los flujos de caja y los resultados en las empresas europeas no cotizadas. A partir de varias hipótesis sobre la persistencia de losresultados y sus componentes, encontramos que las empresas no cotizadas parecen comportarse de forma diferente a la evidencia encontrada previamente sobre las empresas cotizadas. Lasdiferencias son significativas cuando los ajustes al devengo son extremos, dado que la persistencia del ROA y de los flujos de caja siguen patrones de comportamiento distintos a los encontrados en las empresas estadounidenses cotizadas. Pero contrariamente a nuestrashipótesis, las diferencias en la persistencia no son significativas cuando las empresas no cotizadas publican resultados positivos frente a resultados negativos.<br /><br />This paper examines the properties of accruals, cash flows and earnings in European privately held firms. We start from several hypotheses about the persistence of earnings and its components, finding that private companies seem to behave in a different manner than the publicly traded firms tested in previous literature. As hypothesized, differences are significant when accruals are extreme, though in European private firms, persistence of ROA relative to cash flow follows a different pattern than in US public firms. But contrary to our expectations, differences in persistence are not significant when companies report positive versus negative earnings.

scholarly journals Does the CEO effect on performance differ in private versus public firms?

2021 ◽  
pp. 147612702110181
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Quigley ◽  
Francesco Chirico ◽  
Massimo Baù
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Private Firm ◽  
Matched Pair ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Publicly Traded ◽  
Public Firms ◽  
Firm Profitability ◽  
Public Firm ◽  
Privately Held Firms ◽  
Privately Held

Scholars have long debated the effect CEOs have on firm performance, including a focus on how their effect shifts across industries, national settings, and time. Unexplored, however, is the possibility that the CEO effect might differ in publicly traded versus privately held firms. Drawing on a unique longitudinal sample of both publicly traded and large, privately held Swedish firms from 1997 to 2013, we replicate and build upon prior CEO effects studies and find that private-firm CEOs have a greater effect on firm performance, for good or for ill, than do their public firm counterparts. Our results are strengthened after controlling for industry, firm profitability, and size in a matched-pair sample. We discuss the implications and potential future research stemming from these findings.

Agile predators: private equity and the spread of shareholder value strategies to US for-profit colleges

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlie Eaton
Keyword(s):  
Private Equity ◽  
Shareholder Value ◽  
Publicly Traded ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Cost Cutting ◽  
Equity Ownership ◽  
Privately Held Firms ◽  
Robust Evidence ◽  
Privately Held

Abstract I argue that growth in private equity and publicly traded ownership of US for-profit colleges has created new shareholder-value pressures for schools to maximize returns for investors. Privately held firms, which had long dominated the sector, were converted to private equity ownership through 88 buyouts since 1987. Private equity managers then used IPOs to establish 20 of 35 publicly traded firms that operated in the sector. I use longitudinal panel analyses of 14,212 federally qualified colleges to show that schools under these ownership forms featured unusually high debts and low graduation rates for students. The results (a) provide some of the most robust evidence to date that shareholder value strategies of cost-cutting and implicit contract violations can adversely affect non-labor stakeholders; and (b) help to theorize the growing but understudied role of private equity as a transitional ownership form that spreads shareholder value strategies to privately held firms.

scholarly journals Accruals, cash flows and earnings in european privately held firms

2013 ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Borja Amor Tapia ◽  
María Teresa Tascón Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Previous Literature ◽  
Private Firms ◽  
Publicly Traded ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Public Firms ◽  
Publicly Traded Firms ◽  
Privately Held Firms ◽  
Privately Held

Este trabajo examina las propiedades de los ajustes al devengo, los flujos de caja y los resultados en las empresas europeas no cotizadas. A partir de varias hipótesis sobre la persistencia de losresultados y sus componentes, encontramos que las empresas no cotizadas parecen comportarse de forma diferente a la evidencia encontrada previamente sobre las empresas cotizadas. Lasdiferencias son significativas cuando los ajustes al devengo son extremos, dado que la persistencia del ROA y de los flujos de caja siguen patrones de comportamiento distintos a los encontrados en las empresas estadounidenses cotizadas. Pero contrariamente a nuestrashipótesis, las diferencias en la persistencia no son significativas cuando las empresas no cotizadas publican resultados positivos frente a resultados negativos.<br /><br />This paper examines the properties of accruals, cash flows and earnings in European privately held firms. We start from several hypotheses about the persistence of earnings and its components, finding that private companies seem to behave in a different manner than the publicly traded firms tested in previous literature. As hypothesized, differences are significant when accruals are extreme, though in European private firms, persistence of ROA relative to cash flow follows a different pattern than in US public firms. But contrary to our expectations, differences in persistence are not significant when companies report positive versus negative earnings.

Taxes as a Determinant of Managerial Compensation in Privately Held Insurance Companies

2001 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 655-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Ke
Keyword(s):  
Control Sample ◽  
Tax Planning ◽  
Managerial Compensation ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Tax Rates ◽  
Investment Income ◽  
Federal Income Tax ◽  
Planning Decision ◽  
Privately Held Firms ◽  
Privately Held

This study empirically investigates how taxes affect managerial compensation for a sample of privately held insurers whose managers own a large percentage of the firm's stock (I refer to these as management-owned insurers) during 1989–1996. Shareholder/managers receive two types of income from the firm they own: compensation income as employees, and investment income as shareholders. Although compensation income is taxable to employees and deductible by employers, investment income is subject to double taxation. Thus, the mix of the two is an important tax-planning decision for management-owned insurers. I predict and find that as individual tax rates increased relative to corporate tax rates from 1989–1992 to 1993–1996, shareholder/managers paid themselves less tax-deductible compensation relative to a control sample of nonmanagement-owned insurers (i.e., privately held insurers with no managerial ownership). The study's results expand our understanding of management-owned, privately held firms' tax-planning strategies, and have implications for the efficiency of the federal income tax system.

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