scholarly journals Valve Abnormalities, Risk Factors for Heart Valve Disease and Valve Replacement Surgery in Spondyloarthritis. A Systematic Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye-Sang Park ◽  
Ana Laiz ◽  
Jesus Sanchez-Vega ◽  
Petra Díaz del Campo ◽  
Maria Auxiliadora Martín-Martínez ◽  
...  

Objective: Evaluate the evidence on the abnormalities of the aortic root and heart valves, risk and prognostic factors for heart valve disease and valve replacement surgery in spondyloarthritis.Methods: A systematic literature review was performed using Medline, EMBASE and Cochrane databases until July 2021. Prevalence, incidence, risk and prognostic factors for heart valve disease; dimension, morphology, and pathological abnormalities of the valves were analyzed. Patient characteristics (younger age, history of cardiac disease or longer disease duration) and period of realization were considered for the analysis. The SIGN Approach was used for rating the quality of the evidence of the studies.Results: In total, 37 out of 555 studies were included. Overall, the level of evidence was low. The incidence of aortic insufficiency was 2.5–3.9‰. Hazard Ratio for aortic insufficiency was 1.8–2.0. Relative risk for aortic valve replacement surgery in ankylosing spondylitis patients was 1.22–1.46. Odds ratio for aortic insufficiency was 1.07 for age and 1.05 for disease duration. Mitral valve abnormalities described were mitral valve prolapse, calcification, and thickening. Aortic valve abnormalities described were calcification, thickening and an echocardiographic “subaortic bump.” Abnormalities of the aorta described were thickening of the wall and aortic root dilatation. The most common microscopic findings were scarring of the adventitia, lymphocytic infiltration, and intimal proliferation.Conclusions: A higher prevalence and risk of aortic valve disease is observed in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Studies were heterogeneous and analysis was not adjusted by potential confounders. Most studies did not define accurate outcomes and may have detected small effects as being statistically significant.

Author(s):  
M. K. Sewell-Loftin ◽  
Christopher B. Brown ◽  
H. Scott Baldwin ◽  
W. David Merryman

A significant limitation in our ability to study congenital heart valve disease and defects is due to lack of appropriate animal models and also in part to our incomplete understanding of biomechanical properties of the leaflet tissues. Biomechanical changes in leaflets as they develop and throughout a person’s lifetime are not well understood. With improved understanding of such changes, more intuitive approaches could be used to develop tissue engineered heart valves. Each year in the United States, over 20,000 children are born with congenital heart defects; many requiring valve replacement surgery [1–2]. Additionally, over 300,000 people worldwide require heart valve replacement surgery each year [3–4]. The creation of better valve replacements would improve treatment and quality of patient life.


2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Mahmoon Shirzad ◽  
Abbasali Karimi ◽  
Seyed Hossein Ahmadi ◽  
Samaneh Dowlatshahi ◽  
Saeed Davoodi ◽  
...  

2007 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 2066-2072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen-Xiao Jin ◽  
Jing-Jun Zhou ◽  
Mei Xin ◽  
Dao-Rong Peng ◽  
Xi-Ming Wang ◽  
...  

Cor et Vasa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. e411-e419
Author(s):  
Tomáš Toporcer ◽  
Andrea Kraus ◽  
Tomáš Grendel ◽  
Milan Bajmoczi ◽  
Adrián Kolesár ◽  
...  

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