scholarly journals Case Report: Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis Following COVID-19 Vaccination

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yair Zlotnik ◽  
Avi Gadoth ◽  
Ibrahim Abu-Salameh ◽  
Anat Horev ◽  
Rosa Novoa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Event ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalitis ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Severe Adverse Event ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Progressive Dementia ◽  
Vaccination Response ◽  
Muscle Spasms

Anti-leucine rich glioma inactivated 1 (LGI1) autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is characterized by cognitive impairment or rapid progressive dementia, psychiatric disorders, faciobrachial dystonic seizures (FBDS) and refractory hyponatremia. Since December 2020, millions of people worldwide have been vaccinated against COVID-19. Several soft neurological symptoms like pain, headache, dizziness, or muscle spasms are common and self-limited adverse effects after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. However, several major neurological complications, despite the unproven causality, have been reported since the introduction of the COVID-19 vaccine. Herein, we describe a 48 years old man presenting with rapidly progressive cognitive decline and hyponatremia diagnosed with anti LGI1 AE, occurring shortly after the second dose of mRNA COVID -19 vaccine and possibly representing a severe adverse event related to the vaccination. Response to high dose steroid therapy was favorable. As millions of people worldwide are currently receiving COVID-19 vaccinations, this case should serve to increase the awareness for possible rare autoimmune reactions following this novel vaccination in general, and particularly of anti-LGI1 AE.

scholarly journals Utility of Botulinum Injections in Stiff-Person Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Conners ◽  
A. Betcher ◽  
A. Shahinian ◽  
P. Janda
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Intravenous Immunoglobulins ◽  
Initial Therapy ◽  
High Dose ◽  
B Cell Depletion ◽  
Stiff Person Syndrome ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Systemic Treatments ◽  
Muscle Spasms

Stiff-person syndrome (SPS) is an uncommon neurological disorder characterized by significant rigidity and muscle spasms primarily affecting the truncal and proximal musculature. Furthermore, a wide-based gait with functional impairment is generally seen. High-dose benzodiazepines or baclofen are widely considered the optimal initial therapy; however, major adverse effects often preclude adequate dosing. Refractory cases may be treated with intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG), plasma exchange, or B-cell depletion with rituximab, although these are also associated with major, sometimes fatal, adverse reactions. Several reports have validated the safety and utility of botulinum injections in this setting, yet botulinum remains markedly underutilized in this cohort. Below, a case report and review of the literature show botulinum can decrease pain and stiffness, improve gait and balance, and decrease dependence on powerful systemic treatments in this group.

scholarly journals SEVERE ADVERSE EVENT POST YELLOW FEVER VACCINE IN A PATIENT WITH ANTI-IFN TYPE I AUTOANTIBODIES: A CASE REPORT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debora Marques Veghini ◽  
Pietra Zava Lorencini ◽  
Ketty Lysie Libardi Lira Machado ◽  
Alexandra Mendes Tonaco Flores Pinto ◽  
Kaicki Teófilo da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Event ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Severe Adverse Event ◽  
Yellow Fever Vaccine ◽  
Type I

scholarly journals Case Report: Refractory Hypotension of GABA B Receptor Autoimmune Encephalitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kong Hanxin ◽  
Wang Xiaomin ◽  
Ying Hao ◽  
Zheng Shuihong
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalitis ◽  
Autonomic Nerve ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Autonomic Nerve Function ◽  
Refractory Hypotension

Introduction: With the development of antibody detection technology, Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) B receptor encephalitis is a known autoimmune disease. This paper describes a patient with refractory hypotension who suffered GABA B receptor autoimmune encephalitis.Case Report: We describe a 63-year-old man with GABA B receptor autoimmune encephalitis who had hypotension on day 17 of the disease onset. Despite two rounds of immunoglobulin administration, high-dose intravenous steroid injections and immunosuppressive therapy on day 35 of hospitalization, psychiatric symptoms and seizures were significantly improved; however, the patient's blood pressure remained low.Conclusion: This case study and literature review investigated the impairment of autonomic nerve function and its subsequent management in patients with GABA B receptor autoimmune encephalitis.

Voltage-gated potassium channel limbic encephalitis presenting as functional cognitive impairment

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. e233179
Author(s):  
Eric Garrels ◽  
Fawziya Huq ◽  
Gavin McKay
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Potassium Channel ◽  
Limbic Encephalitis ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Differential Diagnoses ◽  
Visual Hallucinations ◽  
Voltage Gated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Impaired Cognition

Limbic encephalitis is often reported to present as seizures and impaired cognition with little focus on psychiatric presentations. In this case report, we present a 49-year-old man who initially presented to the Psychiatric Liaison Service with a several month history of confusion with the additional emergence of visual hallucinations and delusions. Due to the inconsistent nature of the symptoms in the context of a major financial stressor, a provisional functional cognitive impairment diagnosis was made. Investigations later revealed a positive titre of voltage-gated potassium channel (VGKC) antibodies, subtype leucine-rich glioma inactivated 1 accounting for his symptoms which dramatically resolved with steroids and immunoglobulins. This case highlighted the need for maintaining broad differential diagnoses in a patient presenting with unusual psychiatric symptoms.

scholarly journals Autoimmune Encephalitis versus Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in a patient with typical Facio-brachial dystonic seizures: A case report with Diagnostic challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 100236
Author(s):  
Vaibhav Seth ◽  
Suman Kushwaha ◽  
Ritu Verma ◽  
Priyankkumar Mukeshbhai Patel ◽  
R Kiran Gowda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalitis ◽  
Jakob Disease
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