scholarly journals Impact of Increased Nutrients and Lowered pH on Photosynthesis and Growth of Three Marine Phytoplankton Communities From the Coastal South West Atlantic (Patagonia, Argentina)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takako Masuda ◽  
Ondřej Prášil ◽  
Virginia E. Villafañe ◽  
Macarena S. Valiñas ◽  
Keisuke Inomura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Marine Phytoplankton ◽  
Future Scenario ◽  
Estuarine Site ◽  
Acclimation Period ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities ◽  
The Future ◽  
Patagonian Coast

Effect of global change variables on the structure and photosynthesis of phytoplankton communities was evaluated in three different sites of the Patagonian coast of Argentina: enclosed bay (Puerto Madryn, PM), estuarine (Playa Unión, PU), and open waters (Isla Escondida, IE). We exposed samples to two contrasting scenarios: Present (nutrients at in situ levels) vs. Future (with lowered pH and higher nutrients inputs), and determined growth and photosynthetic responses after 2 days of acclimation. Under the Future condition phytoplankton growth was higher in the estuarine site compared to those in PM and IE. This effect was the most pronounced on large diatoms. While the increase of photosynthetic activity was not always observed in the Future scenario, the lower photosynthetic electron requirement for carbon fixation (Φe,C = ETR/PmB) in this scenario compared to the Present, suggests a more effective energy utilization. Long-term experiments were also conducted to assess the responses along a 4 days acclimation period in PU. Diatoms benefited from the Future conditions and had significantly higher growth rates than in the Present. In addition, Φe,C was lower after the acclimation period in the Future scenario, compared to the Present. Our results suggest that the availability, frequency and amount of nutrients play a key role when evaluating the effects of global change on natural phytoplankton communities. The observed changes in diatom growth under the Future scenario in PU and IE and photosynthesis may have implications in the local trophodynamics by bottom up control.

scholarly journals A glimpse into the future composition of marine phytoplankton communities

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esteban Acevedo-Trejos ◽  
Gunnar Brandt ◽  
Marco Steinacher ◽  
Agostino Merico
Keyword(s):  
Marine Phytoplankton ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities ◽  
The Future

Transmedia Storytelling Initiatives in Brazilian Media

MedienJournal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Renira Rampazzo Gambarato ◽  
Geane Carvalho Alzamora
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Media Development ◽  
Future Scenario ◽  
Transmedia Storytelling ◽  
The Future

This paper is presented in order to understand the evolution of media dynamics in Brazil and investigate its perspectives for the future. Brazil, among the BRICS states (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa), will be our focus. From a mono-mediatic paradigm to a convergent one, Brazil is developing new practices in fictional and non-fictional media. Our hypothesis is that the transmedia storytelling strategy is both the reality – although still timid – and the most probable future scenario for media development in Brazil. We can assert that transmedia storytelling is a tendency. Therefore, we will explore examples of transmedia storytelling initiatives in Brazilian media mainly related to journalism, entertainment, branding and advertisement.

scholarly journals Oceanic phytoplankton are a potentially important source of benzenoids to the remote marine atmosphere

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manon Rocco ◽  
Erin Dunne ◽  
Maija Peltola ◽  
Neill Barr ◽  
Jonathan Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Chemistry ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfide ◽  
Laboratory Culture ◽  
Marine Phytoplankton ◽  
Marine Atmosphere ◽  
Aerosol Formation ◽  
Incubation Experiments ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities ◽  
Anthropogenic Air Pollutants ◽  
Benzene Toluene

AbstractBenzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes can contribute to hydroxyl reactivity and secondary aerosol formation in the atmosphere. These aromatic hydrocarbons are typically classified as anthropogenic air pollutants, but there is growing evidence of biogenic sources, such as emissions from plants and phytoplankton. Here we use a series of shipborne measurements of the remote marine atmosphere, seawater mesocosm incubation experiments and phytoplankton laboratory cultures to investigate potential marine biogenic sources of these compounds in the oceanic atmosphere. Laboratory culture experiments confirmed marine phytoplankton are a source of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes and in mesocosm experiments their sea-air fluxes varied between seawater samples containing differing phytoplankton communities. These fluxes were of a similar magnitude or greater than the fluxes of dimethyl sulfide, which is considered to be the key reactive organic species in the marine atmosphere. Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes fluxes were observed to increase under elevated headspace ozone concentration in the mesocosm incubation experiments, indicating that phytoplankton produce these compounds in response to oxidative stress. Our findings suggest that biogenic sources of these gases may be sufficiently strong to influence atmospheric chemistry in some remote ocean regions.

scholarly journals MEMBUMIKAN DYNAMIC GOVERNANCE DALAM MENINGKATKAN PROFESIONALISME MANAJEMEN PENYELENGGARAAN HAJI

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Bayu Mitra Adhyatma Kusuma
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Research Results ◽  
The Future ◽  
Descriptive Approach

The purpose of this research is to contribute initiative ideas to improve the hajj management professionalism through dynamic governance. This research uses qualitative type with descriptive approach. The research results with concern to the culture and capability of the Ministry of Religious Affairs formulate that thinking ahead can be executed by analyzing and projecting what will be facing in 10 or 20 years into the future based on the tendency toward national and global change, political constellation, and socio-economic of the community. Thinking again can be done by reviewing again whether policies, strategies and programs that are running are appropriate and able to meet the needs of pilgrims. And Thinking across, can be applied by learning from the experiences of other countries that also regulates the organization of the Hajj.

scholarly journals Diversity of dinoflagellate assemblages in coastal temperate and offshore tropical waters of Australia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahnee Manning ◽  
Arjun Venkatesh Thilagaraj ◽  
Dmitri Mouradov ◽  
Richard Piola ◽  
Clare Grandison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Marine Phytoplankton ◽  
Tropical Waters ◽  
Total Sequence ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities

Abstract Background Dinoflagellates are a ubiquitous and ecologically important component of marine phytoplankton communities, with particularly notable species including those associated with harmful algal blooms (HABs) and those that bioluminesce. High-throughput sequencing offers a novel approach compared to traditional microscopy for determining species assemblages and distributions of dinoflagellates, which are poorly known especially in Australian waters. Results We assessed the composition of dinoflagellate assemblages in two Australian locations: coastal temperate Port Phillip Bay and offshore tropical waters of Davies Reef (Great Barrier Reef). These locations differ in certain environmental parameters reflecting latitude as well as possible anthropogenic influences. Molecular taxonomic assessment revealed more species than traditional microscopy, and it showed statistically significant differences in dinoflagellate assemblages between locations. Bioluminescent species and known associates of HABs were present at both sites. Dinoflagellates in both areas were mainly represented by the order Gymnodiniales (66%—82% of total sequence reads). In the warm waters of Davies Reef, Gymnodiniales were equally represented by the two superclades, Gymnodiniales sensu stricto (33%) and Gyrodinium (34%). In contrast, in cooler waters of Port Phillip Bay, Gymnodiniales was mainly represented by Gyrodinium (82%). In both locations, bioluminescent dinoflagellates represented up to 0.24% of the total sequence reads, with Protoperidinium the most abundant genus. HAB-related species, mainly represented by Gyrodinium, were more abundant in Port Phillip Bay (up to 47%) than at Davies Reef (28%), potentially reflecting anthropogenic influence from highly populated and industrial areas surrounding the bay. The entire assemblage of dinoflagellates, as well as the subsets of HAB and bioluminescent species, were strongly correlated with water quality parameters (R2 = 0.56–0.92). Significant predictors differed between the subsets: HAB assemblages were explained by salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, and total dissolved solids; whereas, bioluminescent assemblages were explained only by salinity and dissolved oxygen, and had greater variability. Conclusion High-throughput sequencing and genotyping revealed greater diversity of dinoflagellate assemblages than previously known in both subtropical and temperate Australian waters. Significant correlations of assemblage structure with environmental variables suggest the potential for explaining the distribution and composition of both HAB species and bioluminescent species.

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