scholarly journals Brief Postnatal Visual Deprivation Triggers Long-Lasting Interactive Structural and Functional Reorganization of the Human Cortex

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yixuan Feng ◽  
Olivier Collignon ◽  
Daphne Maurer ◽  
Ke Yao ◽  
Xiaoqing Gao
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Visual Deprivation ◽  
Congenital Cataracts ◽  
Human Cortex ◽  
Functional Reorganization ◽  
Unique Model

Patients treated for bilateral congenital cataracts provide a unique model to test the role of early visual input in shaping the development of the human cortex. Previous studies showed that brief early visual deprivation triggers long-lasting changes in the human visual cortex. However, it remains unknown if such changes interact with the development of other parts of the cortex. With high-resolution structural and resting-state fMRI images, we found changes in cortical thickness within, but not limited to, the visual cortex in adult patients, who experienced transient visual deprivation early in life as a result of congenital cataracts. Importantly, the covariation of cortical thickness across regions was also altered in the patients. The areas with altered cortical thickness in patients also showed differences in functional connectivity between patients and normally sighted controls. Together, the current findings suggest an impact of early visual deprivation on the interactive development of the human cortex.

scholarly journals Role of mitochondrial calcium uptake homeostasis in resting state fMRI brain networks

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 1579-1588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sridhar S. Kannurpatti ◽  
Basavaraju G. Sanganahalli ◽  
Peter Herman ◽  
Fahmeed Hyder
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Calcium Uptake ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Mitochondrial Calcium ◽  
Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake

scholarly journals Motion and morphometry in clinical populations

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heath R Pardoe ◽  
Rebecca Kucharsky Hiess ◽  
Ruben Kuzniecky
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Motion Artifact ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Statistical Validity ◽  
Proxy Measure ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Contrast Reduction

Introduction The relationship between participant motion, demographic variables and MRI-derived morphometric estimates was investigated in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and schizophrenia. Participant motion was estimated using resting state fMRI and used as a proxy measure for motion during T1-weighted MRI acquired in the same session. Analyses were carried out in scans qualitatively assessed as free from motion-related artifact. Methods Whole brain T1-weighted MRI and resting state fMRI acquisitions from the ABIDE, ADHD-200 and COBRE databases were included in our analyses. Motion was estimated using coregistration of sequential resting state volumes. Morphometric estimates were obtained using Freesurfer v5.3. We investigated if motion is related to diagnosis, age and gender, and scanning site. We further determined if there is a relationship between participant motion and cortical thickness, contrast, and volumetric estimates. Results 2131 participants were included in our analyses. Participant motion was higher in all clinical groups compared with healthy controls. Younger (age < 20 years) and older (age > 40 years) people move more than individuals aged 20 – 40 years. Increased motion is associated with reduced average cortical thickness (-0.02 mm thickness per mm motion, p = 4.03×10-5) and cortical contrast (0.95% contrast reduction per mm motion, p = 5.25×10-11) in scans that have been qualitatively assessed as free from motion artifact. Conclusions Participant motion is increased in clinical groups and is systematically associated with morphometric estimates. These findings indicate that accounting for participant motion may be important for improving the statistical validity of morphometric studies.

scholarly journals Reduced Functional Connectivity in Children With Congenital Cataracts Using Resting-State Electroencephalography Measurement

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Chen ◽  
Liping Lan ◽  
Wei Xiao ◽  
Jiahong Li ◽  
Jiahao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Functional Improvement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Salience Network ◽  
Alpha Band ◽  
Congenital Cataracts ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Parietal Cortices

ObjectivesNumerous task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging studies indicate the presence of compensatory functional improvement in patients with congenital cataracts. However, there is neuroimaging evidence that shows decreased sensory perception or cognition information processing related to visual dysfunction, which favors a general loss hypothesis. This study explored the functional connectivity between visual and other networks in children with congenital cataracts using resting state electroencephalography.MethodsTwenty-one children with congenital cataracts (age: 8.02 ± 2.03 years) and thirty-five sex- and age-matched normal sighted controls were enrolled to investigate functional connectivity between the visual cortex and the default mode network, the salience network, and the cerebellum network during resting state electroencephalography (eyes closed) recordings.ResultThe congenital cataract group was less active, than the control group, in the occipital, temporal, frontal and limbic lobes in the theta, alpha, beta1 and beta2 frequency bands. Additionally, there was reduced alpha-band connectivity between the visual and somatosensory cortices and between regions of the frontal and parietal cortices associated with cognitive and attentive control.ConclusionThe results indicate abnormalities in sensory, cognition, motion and execution functional connectivity across the developing brains of children with congenital cataracts when compared with normal controls. Reduced frontal alpha activity and alpha-band connectivity between the visual cortex and salience network might reflect attenuated inhibitory information flow, leading to higher attentional states, which could contribute to adaptation of environmental change in this group of patients.

Periventricular Areas Anti-Correlate with Visual Cortex in Resting-State fMRI

NeuroImage ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. S60
Author(s):  
M Bianciardi ◽  
M Fukunaga ◽  
JH Duyn
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Resting State Fmri
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