scholarly journals The Novel Agrotis ipsilon Nora Virus Confers Deleterious Effects to the Fitness of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Li ◽  
Ruobing Guan ◽  
Yuqing Wu ◽  
Su Chen ◽  
Guohui Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Agrotis Ipsilon ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Black Cutworm ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Nora Virus ◽  
Novel Host ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

In the present study, we identified a novel, positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus in the Chinese black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon. It has a genome length of 11,312 nucleotides, excluding the poly(A) tails, and contains five open reading frames. The ORF2 encodes the conserved domains of RNA helicase and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, while ORF4 and 5 encode three viral proteins. Herein, the A. ipsilon virus was clustered with a Helicoverpa armigera Nora virus and was thus provisionally named “Agrotis ipsilon Nora virus” (AINV). AINV was successfully transmitted into a novel host, Spodoptera frugiperda, through injection, causing a stable infection. This found the possibility of horizontal AINV transmission among moths belonging to the same taxonomic family. Nonetheless, AINV infection was deleterious to S. frugiperda and mainly mediated by antiviral and amino acid metabolism-related pathways. Furthermore, the infection significantly increased the S. frugiperda larval period but significantly reduced its moth eclosion rate. It suggests that AINV is probably to be a parasitic virus of S. frugiperda.

Distribution and Prevalence of an Ectoparasitic Nematode, Noctuidonema guyanense, on Moths of The Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the Tropical Americas

1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 510-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvin M. Simmons ◽  
Charlie E. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
French Guiana ◽  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Agrotis Ipsilon ◽  
Black Cutworm ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Northern South America ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Moths of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), collected from locations extending from northern South America, the Caribbean basin, Central America, Mexico, Texas, to Florida, and Bermuda, were examined for Noctuidonema guyanense Remillet and Silvain, an ectoparasitic nematode of adult Lepidoptera. Noctuidonema was recovered from all locations where the fall armyworm was collected. This parasitic nematode was previously only known to occur in French Guiana and Guadeloupe. Parasitism was generally around 35%, but was variable at different locations ranging from nearly 0% to about 90%. Although the number of nematodes per moth varied among locations, mean infestation ranged from 30 to 40 specimens per host. Noctuidonema also was recovered from the black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel), a host on which it previously had not been known to occur.

scholarly journals Nora Virus VP4b and ORF1 Circulate in Hemolymph of Infected D. melanogaster with Coordinate Expression of Vago and Vir-1

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 491
Author(s):  
Amanda Macke ◽  
Wilfredo Lopez ◽  
Darby J. Carlson ◽  
Kimberly A. Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Rna Virus ◽  
Primary Site ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Basal Expression ◽  
Virus Rna ◽  
Nora Virus ◽  
Candidate Target ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Insight Into

Study of the novel RNA virus, Nora virus, which is a persistent, picorna-like virus that replicates in the gut of Drosophila melanogaster offers insight into human innate immunity and other picorna-like viruses. Nora virus infection leads to a locomotor abnormality and upregulation of two candidate target proteins, Vago and Virus-induced RNA 1 (Vir-1). These proteins are uncharacterized in response to Nora virus. We hypothesize that Nora virus is circulating in the hemolymph of Nora virus-infected D. melanogaster, allowing for migration beyond the primary site of replication in the gut. Analysis by qRT-PCR demonstrated biphasic viral load and corresponding vago and vir-1 transcription levels, suggesting transcription of vago and vir-1 occurs in response to viral infection. However, Vir-1 is also present in virus-free D. melanogaster suggesting basal expression or alternative functions. Presence of Nora virus RNA and the Viral Protein 4b (VP4b), in hemolymph of infected D. melanogaster supports the hypothesized circulation of Nora virus in the hemolymph. The study suggests that impaired locomotor function may be due to transport of Nora virus from the gut to the brain via the hemolymph.

scholarly journals Canadian entomopathogenic nematode isolates: virulence against black cutworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Bélair ◽  
Louis Simard ◽  
Julie Dionne
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Steinernema Carpocapsae ◽  
Agrotis Ipsilon ◽  
Black Cutworm ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

The virulence of ten indigenous and two commercial isolates of entomopathogenic nematodes against the black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon, was assessed under laboratory conditions. When comparing commercial isolates, Steinernema carpocapsae exhibited higher virulence than S. feltiae. One indigenous isolate of S. carpocapsae (6Sc) provided similar or higher virulence than the commercial isolate against black cutworm larvae. An indigenous strain of S. kraussei demonstrated low virulence in our study.

scholarly journals Microbial Control of Black Cutworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Turfgrass Using Agrotis ipsilon Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus

2006 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 1129-1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Callie A. Prater ◽  
Carl T. Redmond ◽  
Walter Barney ◽  
Bryony C. Bonning ◽  
Daniel A. Potter
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Control ◽  
Agrotis Ipsilon ◽  
Black Cutworm ◽  
Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae
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