scholarly journals Influence of FKBP5 Variants and Childhood Trauma on Brain Volume in Non-clinical Individuals

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aeran Kwon ◽  
Sungkean Kim ◽  
Hyeonjin Jeon ◽  
Hyun Seo Lee ◽  
Seung-Hwan Lee
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Brain Volume ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Life Assessment ◽  
Middle Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Susceptible Genotype ◽  
Response Scale ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire

The present study aimed to investigate the possible influence of childhood trauma and its interaction effect with 10 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP5) gene on brain volume in non-clinical individuals. One hundred forty-four non-clinical volunteers (44 men and 100 women) were genotyped with respect to 10 variants (rs9296158, rs3800373, rs1360780, rs9470080, rs4713916, rs4713919, rs6902321, rs56311918, rs3798345, and rs9380528) of FKBP5. Participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan and psychological assessments such as the childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, rumination response scale, and quality of life assessment instrument. Individuals with the high CTQ score showed enlarged volume of the left orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) if they have childhood trauma-susceptible genotype of FKBP5 rs3800373, rs1360780, rs4713916, rs4713919, rs6902321, and rs3798345 and enlarged volume of the left middle temporal gyrus (MTG) if they have childhood trauma-susceptible genotype of FKBP5 rs3800373, rs1360780, rs4713916, and rs3798345. Among those with the childhood trauma-susceptible genotype, the left OFC and left MTG showed significant negative correlations with positive feelings about life, and the left OFC showed significant positive correlations with negative cognition. This is one of the few studies to identify the volume alteration of the left OFC and the left MTG for the FKBP5 gene–childhood trauma interaction in non-clinical individuals.

Relationship Between Childhood Trauma and Psychotic Symptoms in Patients with Schizophrenia

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S269-S269
Author(s):  
E.E. Kılıçaslan ◽  
A. Esen ◽  
M. Izci Kasal ◽  
E. Ozelci ◽  
B. Murat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire

IntroductionThe association between childhood trauma and psychotic symptoms is still not clearly understood. Findings for positive and negative symptoms are confounding. This symptomatic response may differ according to the type of childhood trauma, for example childhood abuse was associated with positive symptoms while childhood neglect was associated with negative symptoms.ObjectivesThis study examined the relationship between childhood trauma and psychotic symptoms in schizophrenic patients after controlling for the possible confounding factors, such as clinical features, depression, and sleep quality.MethodsThe childhood trauma questionnaire – short form, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia, Pittsburgh sleep quality index, and the suicidality subscale of mini-international neuropsychiatric interview were administered to 199 patients with schizophrenia. We used sequential multiple stepwise regression analyses in which positive symptoms, negative symptoms, overall psychopathology and total symptoms of schizophrenia were dependent variables.ResultsDepressive symptomatology and childhood physical abuse (CPA) significantly contributed to positive, negative, general psychopathology and global schizophrenia symptomatology. Stepwise regression analysis results are presented in Table 1.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that CPA during childhood could have an impact on psychopathology in schizophrenia.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Childhood Trauma and Structural and Functional Brain Mechanisms Linked to Psychopathology

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S28-S29
Author(s):  
M. Aas
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Occipital Cortex ◽  
Structural Mri ◽  
Negativity Bias ◽  
Angular Gyrus ◽  
Middle Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ◽  
Cohen’S D ◽  
Brain Responses ◽  
Cohen's D

BackgroundChildhood trauma increases the risk of a range of mental disorders including psychosis. Whereas the mechanisms are unclear, previous evidence has implicated atypical processing of emotions among the core cognitive models, in particular suggesting altered attentional allocation towards negative stimuli and an increased negativity bias. Here we tested if childhood trauma was associated with differentiation in brain responses to negative and positive stimuli. We also tested if trauma was associated with emotional ratings of negative and positive faces.MethodsWe included 101 patients with a DSM schizophrenia spectrum or bipolar spectrum diagnosis. History of childhood trauma was obtained using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Brain activation was measured with functional MRI during presentation of faces with negative or positive emotional expressions. After the scanner session, patients performed emotional ratings of the same faces. Structural MRI was also measured.ResultsHigher levels of childhood trauma were associated with stronger differentiation in brain responses to negative compared to positive faces in clusters comprising the right angular gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, and the lateral occipital cortex (Cohen's d = 0.72-0.77). In patients with schizophrenia, childhood trauma was associated with reporting negative faces as more negative, and positive faces as less positive (Cohen's d > 0.8).ConclusionsAlong with the observed negativity bias in the assessment of emotional valence of faces, our data suggest stronger differentiation in brain responses between negative and positive faces in patients with childhood trauma.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.

Childhood trauma is associated with increased brain responses to emotionally negative as compared with positive faces in patients with psychotic disorders

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 669-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Aas ◽  
K. Kauppi ◽  
C. L. Brandt ◽  
M. Tesli ◽  
T. Kaufmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Occipital Cortex ◽  
Negativity Bias ◽  
Angular Gyrus ◽  
Middle Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ◽  
Brain Responses

BackgroundChildhood trauma increases risk of a range of mental disorders including psychosis. Whereas the mechanisms are unclear, previous evidence has implicated atypical processing of emotions among the core cognitive models, in particular suggesting altered attentional allocation towards negative stimuli and increased negativity bias. Here, we tested the association between childhood trauma and brain activation during emotional face processing in patients diagnosed with psychosis continuum disorders. In particular, we tested if childhood trauma was associated with the differentiation in brain responses between negative and positive face stimuli. We also tested if trauma was associated with emotional ratings of negative and positive faces.MethodWe included 101 patients with a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) schizophrenia spectrum or bipolar spectrum diagnosis. History of childhood trauma was obtained using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Brain activation was measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging during presentation of faces with negative or positive emotional expressions. After the scanner session, patients performed emotional ratings of the same faces.ResultsHigher levels of total childhood trauma were associated with stronger differentiation in brain responses to negative compared with positive faces in clusters comprising the right angular gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus and the lateral occipital cortex (Cohen's d = 0.72–0.77). In patients with schizophrenia, childhood trauma was associated with reporting negative faces as more negative, and positive faces as less positive (Cohen's d > 0.8).ConclusionsAlong with the observed negativity bias in the assessment of emotional valence of faces, our data suggest stronger differentiation in brain responses between negative and positive faces with higher levels of trauma.

The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire: A Prospective and Retrospective Comparison

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Buchanan-Howland ◽  
Ruth Rose-Jacobs ◽  
Mark A. Richardson ◽  
Timothy Heeren ◽  
Clara A. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ◽  
Retrospective Comparison

Childhood Trauma Questionnaire

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Bernstein ◽  
Laura Fink ◽  
Leonard Handelsman ◽  
Jeffrey Foote
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire

Childhood Trauma Questionnaire--Screen

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett D. Thombs ◽  
David P. Bernstein ◽  
Roy C. Ziegelstein ◽  
Wendy Bennett ◽  
Edward A. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire

scholarly journals Comorbidity, Functional Impairment, and Emotional Distress: A Coping Mediation Model for Persons With Cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas V Merluzzi ◽  
Errol J Philip ◽  
Brenna Gomer ◽  
Carolyn A Heitzmann Ruhf ◽  
Dahyeon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Emotional Distress ◽  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Model Comparison ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Life Assessment ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
Brief Cope ◽  
Distress Scale ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Comorbid disease in cancer patients can substantially impact medical care, emotional distress, and mortality. However, there is a paucity of research on how coping may affect the relationship between comorbidity and emotional distress. Purpose The current study investigated whether the relations between comorbidity and emotional distress and between functional impairment and emotional distress were mediated by three types of coping: action planning (AP), support/advice seeking (SAS), and disengagement (DD). Methods Four hundred and eighty-three persons with cancer completed a measure of functional impairment (Sickness Impact Profile), the Checklist of Comorbid Conditions, the Brief COPE, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Quality of Life Assessment for Cancer Survivors (Negative Feelings Scale), and the Distress Screening Schedule (Emotional Distress Scale). The latter three measures were used to form a latent construct representing the outcome, emotional distress. Results Model comparison analysis indicated that the model with DD as a mediator had a better fit than models containing AP and SAS. DD mediated the relationship between functional impairment and emotional distress, so that engaging in DD was associated with greater distress. In addition, comorbidity and functional impairment were directly and positively related to emotional distress, but the relation between comorbidity and distress was not mediated by coping type. Conclusions Both comorbidity and functional impairment may be associated with distress, but disengagement coping only mediated the relation involving functional impairment and was positively associated with distress. Future studies can investigate whether teaching active coping or adaptive coping (e.g., through mindfulness exercises) can decrease distress in cancer patients, despite functional impairments.

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