scholarly journals Magnetoencephalography Studies of the Envelope Following Response During Amplitude-Modulated Sweeps: Diminished Phase Synchrony in Autism Spectrum Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy P. L. Roberts ◽  
Luke Bloy ◽  
Song Liu ◽  
Matthew Ku ◽  
Lisa Blaskey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Peak Frequency ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Driving Frequency ◽  
Phase Synchrony ◽  
Observational Assessment ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Peak Response

Prevailing theories of the neural basis of at least a subset of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) include an imbalance of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission. These circuitry imbalances are commonly probed in adults using auditory steady-state responses (ASSR, driven at 40 Hz) to elicit coherent electrophysiological responses (EEG/MEG) from intact circuitry. Challenges to the ASSR methodology occur during development, where the optimal ASSR driving frequency may be unknown. An alternative approach (more agnostic to driving frequency) is the amplitude-modulated (AM) sweep in which the amplitude of a tone (with carrier frequency 500 Hz) is modulated as a sweep from 10 to 100 Hz over the course of ∼15 s. Phase synchrony of evoked responses, measured via intra-trial coherence, is recorded (by EEG or MEG) as a function of frequency. We applied such AM sweep stimuli bilaterally to 40 typically developing and 80 children with ASD, aged 6–18 years. Diagnoses were confirmed by DSM-5 criteria as well as autism diagnostic observation schedule (ADOS) observational assessment. Stimuli were presented binaurally during MEG recording and consisted of 20 AM swept stimuli (500 Hz carrier; sweep 10–100 Hz up and down) with a duration of ∼30 s each. Peak intra-trial coherence values and peak response frequencies of source modeled responses (auditory cortex) were examined. First, the phase synchrony or inter-trial coherence (ITC) of the ASSR is diminished in ASD; second, hemispheric bias in the ASSR, observed in typical development (TD), is maintained in ASD, and third, that the frequency at which the peak response is obtained varies on an individual basis, in part dependent on age, and with altered developmental trajectories in ASD vs. TD. Finally, there appears an association between auditory steady-state phase synchrony (taken as a proxy of neuronal circuitry integrity) and clinical assessment of language ability/impairment. We concluded that (1) the AM sweep stimulus provides a mechanism for probing ASSR in an unbiased fashion, during developmental maturation of peak response frequency, (2) peak frequencies vary, in part due to developmental age, and importantly, (3) ITC at this peak frequency is diminished in ASD, with the degree of ITC disturbance related to clinically assessed language impairment.

scholarly journals Reduced auditory steady state responses in autism spectrum disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Seymour ◽  
G. Rippon ◽  
G. Gooding-Williams ◽  
P. F. Sowman ◽  
K. Kessler
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Steady State Responses ◽  
Auditory Steady State Responses ◽  
State Responses

scholarly journals Transient and steady-state auditory gamma-band responses in first-degree relatives of people with autism spectrum disorder

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald C Rojas ◽  
Peter D Teale ◽  
Keeran Maharajh ◽  
Eugene Kronberg ◽  
Katie Youngpeter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Transient And Steady State

scholarly journals Common and unique multimodal covarying patterns in autism spectrum disorder subtypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shile Qi ◽  
Robin Morris ◽  
Jessica A. Turner ◽  
Zening Fu ◽  
Rongtao Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Temporal Cortex ◽  
Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Functional Features

Abstract Background The heterogeneity inherent in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) presents a substantial challenge to diagnosis and precision treatment. Heterogeneity across biological etiologies, genetics, neural systems, neurocognitive attributes and clinical subtypes or phenotypes has been observed across individuals with ASD. Methods In this study, we aim to investigate the heterogeneity in ASD from a multimodal brain imaging perspective. The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) was used as a reference to guide functional and structural MRI fusion. DSM-IV-TR diagnosed Asperger’s disorder (n = 79), pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified [PDD-NOS] (n = 58) and Autistic disorder (n = 92) from ABIDE II were used as discovery cohort, and ABIDE I (n = 400) was used for replication. Results Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and superior/middle temporal cortex are the primary common functional–structural covarying cortical brain areas shared among Asperger’s, PDD-NOS and Autistic subgroups. Key differences among the three subtypes are negative functional features within subcortical brain areas, including negative putamen–parahippocampus fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) unique to the Asperger’s subtype; negative fALFF in anterior cingulate cortex unique to PDD-NOS subtype; and negative thalamus–amygdala–caudate fALFF unique to the Autistic subtype. Furthermore, each subtype-specific brain pattern is correlated with different ADOS subdomains, with social interaction as the common subdomain. The identified subtype-specific patterns are only predictive for ASD symptoms manifested in the corresponding subtypes, but not the other subtypes. Conclusions Although ASD has a common neural basis with core deficits linked to social interaction, each ASD subtype is strongly linked to unique brain systems and subdomain symptoms, which may help to better understand the underlying mechanisms of ASD heterogeneity from a multimodal neuroimaging perspective. Limitations This study is male based, which cannot be generalized to the female or the general ASD population.

scholarly journals Shorter P1m Response in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder without Intellectual Disabilities

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2611
Author(s):  
Yuko Yoshimura ◽  
Takashi Ikeda ◽  
Chiaki Hasegawa ◽  
Kyung-Min An ◽  
Sanae Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Brain Maturation ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Conceptual Ability

(1) Background: Atypical auditory perception has been reported in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Altered auditory evoked brain responses are also associated with childhood ASD. They are likely to be associated with atypical brain maturation. (2) Methods: This study examined children aged 5–8 years old: 29 with ASD but no intellectual disability and 46 age-matched typically developed (TD) control participants. Using magnetoencephalography (MEG) data obtained while participants listened passively to sinusoidal pure tones, bilateral auditory cortical response (P1m) was examined. (3) Results: Significantly shorter P1m latency in the left hemisphere was found for children with ASD without intellectual disabilities than for children with TD. Significant correlation between P1m latency and language conceptual ability was found in children with ASD, but not in children with TD. (4) Conclusions: These findings demonstrated atypical brain maturation in the auditory processing area in children with ASD without intellectual disability. Findings also suggest that ASD has a common neural basis for pure-tone sound processing and language development. Development of brain networks involved in language concepts in early childhood ASD might differ from that in children with TD.

scholarly journals Autism Spectrum Disorder Is Associated With Autonomic Underarousal

2016 ◽  
pp. S673-S682 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. BUJNAKOVA ◽  
I. ONDREJKA ◽  
M. MESTANIK ◽  
Z. VISNOVCOVA ◽  
A. MESTANIKOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Spectral Density ◽  
Power Spectral Density ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Electrodermal Activity ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Peak Frequency ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Power Spectral

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a serious neurodevelopmental disorder, associated with autonomic dysregulation. However, the pathomechanism leading to autonomic abnormalities is still unclear. The aim of this study was to assess autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity during baseline in homogenous group of autistic children using electrodermal activity (EDA), as an index of sympathetic activity and short-term heart rate variability (HRV) reflecting predominantly cardiac vagal control. Fifteen ASD boys and 15 healthy age-matched boys at the age of 7-15 years were examined. The continuous EDA and ECG were recorded during resting phase in a supine position. Evaluated parameters: EDA amplitude (µS), RR interval, spectral power, peak frequency and power spectral density in low (LF-HRV: 0.04-0.15 Hz) and high-frequency (HF-HRV: 0.15-0.4 Hz) bands of HRV spectral analysis. In ASD group we found significantly shortened RR intervals (729±20 ms vs. 843±30 ms, p=0.005), lower mean EDA (0.66±0.13 µS vs. 1.66±0.42 µS, p=0.033), reduced spectral activity and power spectral density in HF-HRV compared to controls (2.93±0.12 ms2 vs. 3.38±0.10 ms2, p=0.01; 4.12±0.10 ms2/Hz vs. 4.56±0.11 ms2/Hz, p=0.008, respectively). We suggest that impairment in resting autonomic regulation associated with ASD could represent an important pathomechanism leading to potential cardiovascular complications in ASD.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document