scholarly journals Methylation of BDNF and SLC6A4 Gene Promoters in Brazilian Patients With Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Presenting or Not Psychiatric Comorbidities

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Cristina Bandeira ◽  
Lucas Giombelli ◽  
Isabel Cristina Werlang ◽  
Ana Lucia Abujamra ◽  
Thais Leite Secchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Methylation Profile ◽  
Gene Promoters ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidities ◽  
History Of ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between epilepsy and psychiatric comorbidities has been recognized for centuries, but its pathophysiological mechanisms are still misunderstood. It is biologically plausible that genetic or epigenetic variations in genes that codify important neurotransmitters involved in epilepsy as well as in psychiatric disorders may influence the development of the latter in patients with epilepsy. However, this possibility remains poorly investigated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the methylation profile of the BDNF and SLC6A4, two genes importantly involved in neuroplasticity, in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) regarding the development or not of psychiatric comorbidities. One hundred and thirty-nine patients with TLE, 90 females and 45 males, were included in the study. The mean age of patients was 44.0 (+12.0) years, and mean duration of epilepsy was 25.7 (+13.3) years. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV shows that 83 patients (59.7%) had neuropsychiatric disorders and 56 (40.3%) showed no psychiatric comorbidity. Mood disorders were the most common psychiatric disorder observed, being present in 64 (46.0%) of all 139 patients. Thirty-three (23.7%) patients showed anxiety disorders, 10 (7.2%) patients showed history of psychosis and 8 (5.8%) patients showed history of alcohol//drug abuse. Considering all 139 patients, 18 (12.9%) demonstrated methylation of the promoter region of both BDNF and SLC6A4 genes. A significant decreased methylation profile was observed only in TLE patients with mood disorders when compared with TLE patients without a history of mood disorders (O.R. = 3.45; 95% C.I. = 1.08–11.11; p = 0.04). A sub-analysis showed that TLE patients with major depressive disorder mostly account for this result (O.R. = 7.20; 95% C.I. = 1.01–56.16; p = 0.042). A logistic regression analysis showed that the independent factors associated with a history of depression in our TLE patients was female sex (O.R. = 2.30; 95% C.I. = 1.02–5.18; p = 0.044), not controlled seizures (O.R. = 2.51; 95% C.I. = 1.16–5.41; p = 0.019) and decreased methylation in BDNF and SLC6A4 genes (O.R. = 5.32; 95% C.I. = 1.14–25.00; p = 0.033). Our results suggest that BDNF or SLC6A4 genes profile methylation is independently associated with depressive disorders in patients with epilepsy. Further studies are necessary to clarify these matters.

scholarly journals Stereotactic laser ablation of amygdala and hippocampus using a Leksell stereotactic frame

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (videosuppl2) ◽  
pp. V1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed J. Awad ◽  
Ha S. Nguyen ◽  
Elsa Arocho-Quinones ◽  
Ninh Doan ◽  
Wade Mueller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Perioperative Complications ◽  
Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Stereotactic Frame ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mesial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Invasive Techniques ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy

Approximately one-third of patients with epilepsy are resistant to medical therapy, particularly in those with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. While there are several surgical modalities, efforts have been focused on developing safer and minimally invasive techniques. In this video, the authors present the case of a 45-year-old woman with a 2-year history of refractory left mesial temporal lobe epilepsy who underwent MRI-guided laser ablation of amygdala and hippocampus. There were no perioperative complications.The video can be found here: https://youtu.be/XFHt2jTdE_4.

scholarly journals Isolated Hyperreligiosity in a Patient with Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocio Garcia-Santibanez ◽  
Harini Sarva
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Religious Experiences ◽  
Medication Noncompliance ◽  
History Of ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy

A 40-year-old man with history of temporal lobe epilepsy presented to the emergency department with hyperreligiosity after medication noncompliance. After medications were resumed, he returned to baseline. Many famous prophets are believed to have suffered epilepsy. Waxman and Geschwind described a group of traits in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy consisting of hyperreligiosity, hypergraphia, altered sexual behavior, aggressiveness, preoccupation with details, and circumstantiality. The incidence of religious experiences ranges from 0.3 to 3.1 percent in patients with epilepsy. Religious experiences can be ictal, interictal, or postictal. Treatment is aimed at the underlying seizure etiology.

Relapse of postictal psychosis following 14-year symptom-free period

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chimdi Uhoegbu ◽  
Rosaleen Lannon ◽  
Colm Cooney ◽  
Aideen Freyne ◽  
Diarmuid O'Shea
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Geriatric Medicine ◽  
Collaborative Management ◽  
Psychotic Illness ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Complications ◽  
History Of ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy

AbstractNeuropsychiatric sequelae in patients with epilepsy have been vastly studied and documented. These may be affective, cognitive or psychotic. Certain risk factors may predispose some epileptics more to these sequelae. In general, good epileptic control may minimize these outcomes. We present in this report, a case of postictal psychosis (PIP), superimposed on delirium, in a 68-year-old woman, with history of a single previous psychotic illness following a cluster of seizures. This report shows a collaborative management of the neuropsychiatric complications of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), by the neurology, geriatric medicine and psychiatry teams.

scholarly journals Mood disorder and epilepsy: a neurobiologic perspective of their relationship

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Pharmacoresistant Epilepsy ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Clinical Consequences ◽  
History Of ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy

Mood disorders are the most frequent psychiatric comorbidity in epilepsy, and in particular in temporal lobe epilepsy For a long time, depressive disorders were considered to be the expression of a reactive process to the obstacles of a life with epilepsy. Data obtained in the last two decades, however, have demonstrated biochemical, neuropathological, and neurophysiologic changes mediating the development of mood disorders, which in fact can be tested in animal models. Furthermore, there is also evidence that mood disorders and epilepsy have a complex relationship which is bidirectional; that is, not only are patients with epilepsy at greater risk of developing depression, but patients with depression have a higher risk of developing epilepsy. Such a relationship can only be explained by the existence of common pathogenic mechanisms that are operant in both conditions. These include changes in neurotransmitters, such as serotonin, norepinephrine, glutamate, and y-aminobutyric acid. Such a bidirectional relationship also appears to have important clinical consequences. Indeed, patients with a history of mood disorders are twice as likely to develop pharmacoresistant epilepsy as those without such a history. These data are reviewed in this article.

The number of anti-seizure medications mediates the relationship between cognitive performance and quality of life in temporal lobe epilepsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 115 ◽  
pp. 107699
Author(s):  
Alejandro Lozano-García ◽  
Kevin G. Hampel ◽  
Vicente Villanueva ◽  
Esperanza González-Bono ◽  
Irene Cano-López
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
The Relationship

Do psychiatric comorbidities predict postoperative seizure outcome in temporal lobe epilepsy surgery?

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Guarnieri ◽  
Roger Walz ◽  
Jaime E.C. Hallak ◽  
Érica Coimbra ◽  
Edna de Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Epilepsy Surgery ◽  
Seizure Outcome ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidities ◽  
Postoperative Seizure

scholarly journals Memory impairment in children with temporal lobe epilepsy: a review

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (1 suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
Catarina A. Guimarães ◽  
Li Li Min ◽  
Patrícia Rzezak ◽  
Daniel Fuentes ◽  
Renata C. Franzon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Neuropsychological Deficits ◽  
Memory Tests ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

INTRODUCTION: The authors present a review article on memory aspects of temporal lobe epilepsy in childhood. METHODS: We performed a search in the literature. RESULTS: Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) in childhood present with great clinical, electroencephalographic and etiological diversity. The neuropsychological features in children with TLE are not well-defined yet. The relationship between the lateralization of the lesion and performance on memory tests is not established. CONCLUSION: The studies performed in children with TLE show controversy data. This finding may be due to the etiological, clinical and electroencephalographic diversity seen in such group of children. Besides, most studies use different assessments. Therefore, it is clear that more studies are necessary to elucidate which neuropsychological deficits occur in children with TLE.

scholarly journals The “Natural” History of Medically Treated Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: What Can an Evidence-Based Approach Tell Us?

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Colin Bruce Josephson ◽  
Bernhard Pohlmann-Eden
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Seizure Freedom ◽  
History Of ◽  
Prospective Cohorts ◽  
Eeg Recordings ◽  
Incident Cases ◽  
Treatment Prognosis

We systematically reviewed the literature to describe the “natural” history of medically treated temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). No population-based studies recruiting incident cases of TLE irrespective of age exist. Prospective, population-based studies were limited to those recruiting only childhood-onset TLE or those reporting TLE as a subgroup of cohorts of focal epilepsies. Few studies have been performed in the “MRI era” limiting information on natural history secondary to specific pathologies. Available data suggests that TLE is highly variable, with unpredictable transient remissions and low rates of seizure freedom (30 to 50%). Etiology and failure of first and second drug seem to be the most important predictors for treatment prognosis. The role of initial precipitating injuries remains speculative, as imaging information of related events is either missing or conflicting. Prospective cohorts of new-onset TLE with long-term followup using advanced MRI techniques, timely EEG recordings, and assessments of psychiatric comorbidities are needed.

scholarly journals Magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the brain in the diagnosis of temporal lobe epilepsy

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1S) ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
E. S. Solomatova ◽  
N. A. Shnaider ◽  
A. A. Molgachev ◽  
D. V. Dmitrenko ◽  
I. G. Strotskaya
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
English Language ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Epileptogenic Focus ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy ◽  
The Brain

The temporal lobe is the most epileptogenic region of the brain. 90% of patients with temporal ictal epileptomorphic EEG activity have a variable long history of seizures. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy  (MRS) may be useful in identifying an epileptogenic focus in patients  with epilepsy without apparent structural pathology at neuroimaging.Objective: to systematize the results of early studies on this issue.Materials and methods. An electronic search was carried out in two English-language (Medline, PubMed) and one Russian-language (eLIBRARY.RU) databases. The search queries found  18,019 citations, by which 12 full-text articles were selected.Results and discussion. The main criteria for the diagnosis of temporal lobe epilepsy by MRS is to lower the level of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), the ratio of NAA to creatinine + choline  (NAA/(Cr + Cho) in the brain region where there is neuronal death  or damage, as well as a change in the level of myo-inositol, the  elevated level of which indicates the presence of an epileptogenic  focus, while the decreased one shows the spread of pathological activity to the adjacent tissues.Conclusion. This review will contribute to a better diagnosis of temporal lobe epilepsy, as well as to the intravital noninvasive detection of metabolic changes in the brain long before the development of structural pathology.

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