scholarly journals Design and Analysis of Commercially Viable Free-Space Optical Communication Link for Diverse Beam Divergence Profiles

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harjeevan Singh ◽  
Rajan Miglani ◽  
Nitin Mittal ◽  
Gurjot Singh Gaba ◽  
Mehedi Masud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Space ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Data Access ◽  
End Users ◽  
Beam Divergence ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Communication Link ◽  
Free Space Optical ◽  
Link Performance ◽  
High Speed Data

With an exponential increase in the use of smart devices and with increasing demand for high-speed data applications, the Radio Frequency and Microwave links will find themselves almost incapable of meeting this deficit. Free-space optical (FSO) links are poised to take the leading role as communication systems for futuristic needs in providing cost-effective and high-speed connectivity to end-users. However, on the flip side, the reliability of FSO links has an intrinsic relationship with the characteristics of the atmospheric channel. During the propagation, the atmospheric adversities result in the geometrical spreading of the FSO beam which in turn has consequential degrading effects on the link performance. In this work, an FSO communication system based on practical, commercial, and realistic parameters has been proposed with the intent of accurately determining the co-relation between different beam divergence profiles and overall link performance. For different beam divergence profiles, the proposed link has been evaluated for reference bit error rate (BER) of 10–9 which is an ideal condition for delivering high-speed data access to the end-users. During the analysis, the practical constraints related to the trade-off between the maximum possible link range and beam divergence have also been optimized. The findings of this work will be crucial for engineers and designers in configuring FSO links for improved link range and reliability.

scholarly journals Hybrid MDM-PDM Based Ro-FSO System for Broadband Services by Incorporating Donut Modes Under Diverse Weather Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushank Chaudhary ◽  
Lunchakorn Wuttisittikulkij ◽  
Jamel Nebhen ◽  
Xuan Tang ◽  
Muhammad Saadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Space ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Electromagnetic Spectrum ◽  
Free Space Optical ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
Dense Fog ◽  
High Speed Data ◽  
Clear Weather

High-speed data demand in sensitive locations has prompted new wireless technologies to grow in areas like hospitals for bio-sensor data transmission between doctors and patients. However, interference of electromagnetic spectrum or highly sensitive medical equipment in such locations can prevent radio waves which can further compromise the health of patients. Radio over Free Space Optics (Ro-FSO) can fulfil high-speed data demand in such locations without any such interference. However, the Ro-FSO performance is highly influenced by different adverse weather conditions, particularly haze and rainfall, which further cause attenuation in the transmission path of Ro-FSO systems. These atmospheric turbulences mainly affect the transmission link range of Ro-FSO systems. In this work, Ro-FSO system is designed by incorporating hybrid mode division multiplexing (MDM) and polarization division multiplexing (PDM) schemes to deliver four independent channels, each carrying 10 Gbps data upconverted to 40 GHz radio signal, over 3.4 km free space optical link operating under clear weather conditions. In addition to this, the proposed Ro-FSO link is subjected to different weather conditions, particularly partially hazy/rainy and dense fog/very rainy. The reported results indicate the achievement of acceptable bit error rate (BER≈10–3) for all channels up to 3400m FSO link under clear weather conditions, 1000m under partially haze/rain and 620 m under dense fog/heavy rain.

scholarly journals Developing Cost-Effective and High-Speed 40 Gbps FSO Systems Incorporating Wavelength and Spatial Diversity Techniques

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satish Kumar Modalavalasa ◽  
Rajan Miglani ◽  
Sushank Chaudhary ◽  
Faisel Tubbal ◽  
Raad Raad
Keyword(s):  
Communication Systems ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Spatial Diversity ◽  
End Users ◽  
Atmospheric Effects ◽  
Free Space Optical ◽  
Optical Processing

Free-space optical (FSO) communication systems are being anticipated to offer promising alternatives to existing radio networks in delivering high-speed data access to end-users. Ease of installation, robust features, and cost-effective operation have been the hallmark of FSO systems, and these features will play an obvious role in deciding the ways in which futuristic smart communication models will operate. Despite these arrays of features, FSO links suffer severe performance degradation due to channel-induced impairments caused by atmospheric effects such as rain, haze, and fog. In this work, we have investigated and compared the performance of 40 Gbps FSO links for different channel conditions ranging from clear weather to severe attenuation by incorporating spatial and wavelength diversity as performance booster techniques. The use of an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) with FSO links has also been proposed here. Using performance metrics like bit error rate (BER) and eye patterns, it has been found that the use of EDFA not only helps in compensating for the link losses but also aids in realizing an all-optical processing based last-mile access system. The proposed FSO system will be capable of bridging the existing backbone fiber networks with end-users with minimal changes to the existing hardware regime, thereby proving to be extremely cost-effective in sharp contrast to radio-frequency generations which require major infrastructure overhaul.

scholarly journals A SURVEY ON PERFORMANCE OF FREE SPACE OPTICAL COMMUNICATION LINK

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 6295-6303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Er. Sushila Thakur ◽  
Er. Rajeev Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Free Space ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Block Diagram ◽  
Communication Link ◽  
Free Space Optical ◽  
Free Spectrum ◽  
Space Optical Communication ◽  
High Bandwidth ◽  
Communication Needs ◽  
Modern Era

The modern era of communication needs a system with high bandwidth and high speed datarates.To fulfill rapid  demands in today’s technology era, Free space optical (FSO) communication system has become very attractive technology, because they provides high bandwidth, license free spectrum using infrared beam, and are a reliable means of communications. The first part of the paper introduces the FSO system its block diagram and also the reason behind its usage. The second part informs about the factors which impairs the performance of the system. The third part will define the factors which enhance the performance of FSO system. The fourth part here will discuss which type of frequency is better for FSO system. The last part will describe about the different modulation techniques and which  modulation is good for FSO system. 

scholarly journals Performance Analysis and Enhancement of Free Space Optical Links for Developing State-of-the-Art Smart City Framework

Photonics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Sonali Chauhan ◽  
Rajan Miglani ◽  
Lavish Kansal ◽  
Gurjot Singh Gaba ◽  
Mehedi Masud
Keyword(s):  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Free Space ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Single Channel ◽  
Spatial Diversity ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Free Space Optical ◽  
Modulation Formats

In this paper, we have investigated and reported the performance of free-space optical (FSO) links operating in adverse atmospheric conditions. Since FSO links share operational similarity with fiber communication; hence, we believe that a cost-effective FSO framework can play a significant role in the transparent integration of high-speed network access backbones with the end-users. Different modulation formats, complemented with spatial diversity techniques, are discussed in this paper to strategize performance optimization of FSO links. Using bit error rate (BER) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) as performance metrics, it was found that binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) qualifies as the best technique modulation technique delivering SNR gain of 10 dB over on–off keying (OOK) operating link under similar channel conditions. Further performance optimization was achieved using space diversity reception wherein SNR witnessed a gain of 3 dB gain over the single-channel FSO link. In terms of application, the proposed model can help in developing a citizen-centric smart city ecosystem that can support seamless communication between heterogeneous smart devices.

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